Absence of clinical laboratory technician/technologist certification and registry,which leads to a variety of problems in the reliability of test results and staff management and administration,remains the main obstacle in the development of laboratory medicine in China.Here the official institution of educational background requirement,certification and license,continuing education and job vacancy of clinical laboratories in the United States were described briefly in order to appeal for the implementation of practice access in China.

Methylated DNA is considered as a new generation of tumor biomarker.It shows great value for evaluation of cancer risk,early detection and predicting prognosis.MS-HRM is a novel approach for quantitative assessment of methylation.It is based on the different base compositions after PCR amplification of bisulfite-modified DNA template,which give rise to different thermal properties of the PCR products originating from methylated or unmethylated target template.This article describs the advantages of this method and its role in the detection of cancer and inherit disease.The prospective application in the molecular diagnosis is also suggested.

[Objective] To explore the relationship between Chinese traditional medicated food science and modern nutriology, identify the developmental direction of modern medicated food culture, and propose suggestions for the scientific development of medicated food culture. [Method] Based on the previous studies, the comparative research was conducted to analyze the difference between and similarity of medicated food science and modern nutriology in terms of the theory system and research expertise. [Result] The scientific and objective recognition of the effects of medicated food could promote the development of medicated food culture. For the academic research, the advantages of traditional medicated food culture and weakness of modern nutriology need to be understood. For the practice, the experience of modern nutriology can be learned to help the innovation of medicated food science's research methods and regulation of usage. [Conclusion] The development of medicated food culture not only needs to inherit the tradition, but also needs to learn from the modern nutriology and pharmacology, and assimilates the achievements from modern western science civilization.

Molecular diagnostics is now playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis , prognosis and therapeutic monitoring of diseases .However, the molecular diagnostic practices in China are still lagging far behind those in the western countries , such as levels of testing platform , test diversity , quality control , result interpretation and administration of laboratory developed tests .Here we compared the current situation of molecular diagnostics in China with the daily work flow in the advanced countries , appealing for the collaboration of governmen administrators , professional associations and clinical laboratories to establish the appropriate supervising policies , technical guides and quality control standards of molecular diagnostic tests .On the premise of an ensured test result , the opening up of clinical test administration will effectively accelerate the development of molecular diagnostics .

Nowadays,Traditional Chinese Medicine schools meet the embarrassment during their development,such as:the deposal of Traditional Chinese Medicine;herbalist doctors' cultivation;human resource supply;management of Traditional Chinese Medicine Schools.The paper suggests that Traditional Chinese Medicine Schools should follow such development strategy as giving prominence to its characteristics by setting cross-subjects,perfecting positioning,strenthening internationalization and developing lifelong education.

High-resolution melting technique shows great potential as a clinical diagnostic tool because of its cost-effectiveness , convenience and closed-tube format which can prevent the risk of cross contamination.HRM analysis has been widely used in molecular diagnostics in the management of cancer by mutation detection , pre-sequence screening , methylation and copy number variations , which involves cancer screening, diagnosis, individual treatment and prognosis .Take advantage of the high detection sensitivity of HRM, the accuracy of mutation screening method could be improved and the test cost could be reduced by combing HRM analysis with sequencing , which helps to develop the molecular diagnostic technique .

College of American Pathologists (CAP) and International Standard Organization (ISO)15189 accreditation provides requirements to the verification and validation tests for clinical molecular diagnostic assays.The article will introduce the requirements in these aspects including the differences between the two accreditation systems,the differences between the verification and validation tests,the essential factors and standardized framework of the verification and validation tests for clinical molecular diagnostic assays.

The 109th Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association was held in Orlando, Florida, USA in May 2014, which received more than 1,000 abstracts on prostate cancer (PCa), covering new epidemiological data about PCa, new theories of early screening, novel molecular markers, new surgical methods, new ideas of diagnosis and treatment of castration-resistant PCa, and progress in basic researches. This paper focuses on the new theories of early screening and novel molecular markers of PCa, including the risk factors of PCa, a revolutionary understanding of the relationship between testosterone and PCa, and new application of PSA, new imaging techniques and molecular markers in the early diagnosis of PCa.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Florida ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Risk Factors ; Societies, Medical ; Testosterone ; blood ; United States ; Urology

Objective To investigate the frequency of JAK2 46/1 haplotype,tagged by the C-allele of SNP rs 12343867(C/T) in Chinese Han patients with PV and ET,and study the relationship between the JAK2 V617F mutation.Methods The whole blood was collected from 125 PV patients,87 ET patients and 213 healthy people.The JAK2 46/1-linked tagged SNP was screened and genotyped with high-resolution DNA melting analysis.20 random selection copies was certificated by DNA sequencing.The frequencies of genotypes and alleles at tSNP was compared between the case and healthy groups by the chi-square test.Results The C-allele frequency of 125 PV patients was 62.8% and T-allele was 37.2%.Also C-allele frequency of 87 ET patients was 45.4% and T-allele was 54.6%.The random selection copies was verified by DNA sequencing.The results showed that the distribution of JAK2 46/1 tSNP genotypes were significantly different(x2 =78.69,P＜0.01).CC and CT had a higher risk for MPNs compared to TT homozygotes(CC vs TT OR = 18.56,95 % CI = 8.70-39.58; CT vs TT OR = 3.60,95 % CI = 2.28-5.69,all of P＜ 0.01).SNP rs 12343867 was genotyped in 212 patients with concomitant analysis of V617F allele burden.Cenotype distributions did not show significant difference compared with JAK2V617F in PV patients(x2 = 2.47,P =0.12).But in ET patients,compared with V617F-negative,the frequency of C-allele showed difference (x2 =7.75,P＜0.01).Conclusions The incidence of the JAK2 46/1-linked C allele is significantly increased the disease risk of PV and ET.Results indicate that JAK2 46/1 haplotype is associated with an increased risk of acquiring a specific somatic mutation.

[Objective] To discuss the relativity between the deviation of nasal spetum and acute sinusitis ’offering relative theoretic base for clinical perven-tion, causa morbi, diagnosis and treatment.[Method] Select 1 case of deviation of nasal spetum from Hangzhou City First People Hospital, make pair com-parison 2 sides of the sinus, record the attack of 2 flanks of sinus with deviation of septum(frontal sinus, maxil ary sinus, frontal and back ethmoidal cellules, sphenoid sinus) for the sinusitis, and make quantitative analysis to the severity, evalulate susceptivity and severity. [Result] There ’s no difference of statistical meaning on the occurrence rate and sinusitis scores for the 2 flanks of the patient.[Conclusion]For such patient of acute sinusitis, the susceptivity and severi-ty are the same for 2 flanks of nasal cavity; the pure correction of the deviation can ’t effectively prevent or treat acute sinusitis; for such patient, we shal correspondingly evaluate and treat the compensatory change caused by deviated spetum.