Postoperative epidural adhesion is one of the most common causes of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), which can lead to back and leg pain or neurological deficit. Prevention of epidural adhesion after laminectomy is critical for improving the outcomes of lumbar surgery. The main origins of epidural fibrosis are raw surface of erector muscles and rupture fibers of intervertebral disc. The main current preventive methods for epidural adhesion include the usage of implants, chemicals and low dose radiation. However, most of them are still in experiment period. There are still controversies on the clinic usage of autograft free fat, ADCON-L, and Mitomycin C (MMC). The optimal implants are characteristics of better biocompatibility, degradable absorption and capability of existing for a certain period in body. The optimal medicine should have good effect on anti-desmoplasia, less side effects and long half-life. Besides, the combination of biodegradable medical film and drug and the mixture of two or more medical films are also the research frontlines of epidural adhesion. Further researches are required to explore new materials and drugs with stable and most favorable effect in preventing epidural adhesion.
Biocompatible Materials ; administration & dosage ; Epidural Space ; pathology ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; adverse effects ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Tissue Adhesions ; prevention & control

Bone Marrow ; drug effects ; Humans ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; pharmacology

? AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of shallow anterior chamber with cataract.?METHODS: Retrospective case series. From February 2014 to July 2015 in our hospital,65 eyes in 65 patients with cataract were enrolled and divided into mild and high risk of shallow anterior chamber group. Best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , central anterior chamber dept ( CACD ) , angle opening distance ( AOD ) , complications pre- and post treatment, were observed and analyzed as outcome measures.?RESULTS: In this study, the mild shallow anterior chamber group included 34 eyes; postoperative BCVA were improved in 29 eyes, with 4 eyes remaining stable and decreased in 1 eye; BCVA was improved in 16 eyes, with 10 eyes remaining stable and decreased in 5 eyes in high risk of shallow anterior chamber group postoperatively. BCVA had a better prognosis in the mild shallow anterior chamber group than another group ( t=-2. 956, P<0. 05). Meanwhile, IOP decreased by 5. 71± 2. 07mmHg and CACD increased by 1. 37 ± 0. 38mm in the mild shallow anterior chamber group, by 9. 77±4. 04mmHg and 1. 67±0. 43mm respectively in high risk group, and the difference has statistical significance ( t=-5. 02,-3. 04; P<0. 05). The mean preoperative nasal AOD500 was 200. 57± 33. 74μm, and they were 346. 62 ± 101. 37μm and 410. 75 ± 137. 48μm and 398. 69 ± 122. 28μm respectively at postoperative 1d, 1 and 3mo, and all nAOD500 comparing with preoperative were increased obviously, and the difference has statistical significance (F=203. 75, P<0. 01). And AOD500 at temporal, superior and inferior presented similar trends. Complications were corneal edema ( 5 eyes ) , transient intraocular hypertension ( 2 eyes ) , posterior capsular opacification ( 4 eyes ) , and posterior capsular rupture (1 eye).?CONCLUSION:Micro incision cataract surgery is useful, effective and safe in patients with cataract and shallow anterior chamber which can stabilize or improve BCVA, reduce IOP, deepen CACD and open the anterior chamber angle.

AIM:To investigate prevalence and causes of blindness and low vision of type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) in Yangxin county, Hubei province.
METHODS: A total of 8 316 permanent residents, to carry out epidemiological survey of blindness and low vision. Carolina First T2DM patients were in the observation group, the other subjects admitted to the control group. Prevalence and etiology of blind and low vision were compared. Then the data only in the observation group were analyzed.
RESULTS: The rate of blindness and low vision appeared significantly higher, cataracts and retinopathy appeared significantly higher. With the increases of age, prevalence of blindness and low vision appeared significantly increased in the observation group. The rate of low vision was higher in women. Blind and low vision appeared significantly higher in junior high school educations. The above analysis was statistically significant (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of blindness and low vision of T2DM patients in our region were significantly higher than the unconsolidated. Blind and low vision in T2DM patients has a certain relationship with age, sex, education.

Objective To observe the serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) level and to analysis the relations between the serum cTnI level and prognosis in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and Cardiac Dysfunction.Methods Serum cardiac cTnI level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. Results The serum cTnI level in DCM patients with class IV cardiac function (0.53 ?0.31) ?g/L was significantly higher than in DCM patients with class Ⅲ cardiac function (0.45?0.27) ?g/L.There was significantly difference in serum cTnI levels between DCM patients with class Ⅲ cardiac function and DCM patients with class Ⅱ cardiac function(0.29?0.27) ?g/L.Conclusion The higher serum cTnI level is correlated with the severity of cardiac function and may be useful for evaluating prognosis in patients with DCM.

Adult ; Colorimetry ; instrumentation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth ; Humans ; Male ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Prosthodontics ; instrumentation ; methods

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiosurgery ; Treatment Outcome

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia ; diagnosis ; immunology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; immunology ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To determine the effects of EGCG on lipopolysaccharide ( LPS)-induced neuroinflamma-tion and investigate the role of neuroprotection mediated by EGCG .Methods Primary cultures of rat gliacyte were used as an in vitro model to examine the effects of EGCG on LPS-induced neuronal damage .The intracellu-lar Glu andγ-GABA were quantified via HPLC .Then the protein level of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-8 was determined by ELISA and Western blot assay .Results Compared with the control group , LPS apparently induced the pro-duction of intracellular ROS ( P<0.05 ) and released the TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-8 in the primary cultures super-natant (P<0.05).Compared with the LPS group,EGCG significantly attenuated the release of TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-8 ( P<0.05 ) and the level of iNOS protein ( P<0.05 ) .LPS apparently induced the production of intra-cellular ROS( P<0.05 ) and released the TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-8 in the primary cultures supernatant ( P <0.05 ) .EGCG significantly attenuated the release of TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-8 ( P<0.05 ) and the level of iNOS protein(P<0.05), and rugulated the concentration of Glu/γ-GABA(P<0.05).Conclusions EGCG is effective in protecting hosts against LPS-induced neuroinflammation through anti-inflammatory effects and regulating extracel-lular Amino acid levels .

The fresh conidia powder of Beauveria bassiana SGBB8702 produced with diphasic technology was dried using 36-h procedures of vacuum-freeze drying (VFD) or vacuum drying (VD). The VFD and VD procedures reduced water content of the fresh conidia powder from 58.56% to 3.97% and 4.26%, resulting in preparations containing 1.29, and 1.25?10 11 conidia/g. The VFD or VD conidia had the same viability (≥98%) as the fresh ones but germinated slightly more slowly than the fresh ones. The estimates of LC 50 s for the fresh, VFD, and VD conidia against Myzus persicae on day 7 after inoculation were 1.15, 5.89, and 2.95?10 4 conidia/ml, respectively. At the concentration of 10 6 conidia/ml, the LT 50 of the fresh conidia against M. persicae was estimated as 3.6 d, corresponding to 3.9 d and 4.4 d for the VFD and VD conidia, respectively. Due to much lower cost, the VD procedure was of greater potential for drying B. bassiana conidia in mass production though the VFD procedures resulted in slightly better quality of conidia powder. The viability and virulence of the VFD conidia were assessed periodically during 12-mon storage at 4℃ and 20℃, respectively. No viable conidia stored at 20℃ were detected 255 d after storage whereas those stored at 4℃ had a viability of 90.15% and an LT 50 of 4.7 d at the end of 12-mon storage. The results showed that storage of B. bassiana conidia powder at ambient temperature was unable to maintain shelf life at commercially acceptable level even though its water content was reduced to