Objective:To establish a method which Nifedipine was used as an alternative control for determinating of three flavonoid glycosides in the tablets of Ginkgo biloba leaves by substitution method of reference substance.Methods:Make Nifedipine instead reference substance, the analysis was performed on a JADE-PAK C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm), with the mobile phase consisted of 0.5% phosphoric acid solution-methanol (adjusting pH value to 2.2) (50:50) at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, the column temperature was 35 ℃. The Nifedipine was selected as the reference substance of three flavonoid glycosides and the correction factor of Nifedipine. The content of total flavonoid glycosides was determined by relative correction factor f and substitute reference.Results:The linear ranges of Nifedipine, quercetin, kaempferide and isorhamnetin were 0.17-1.73 μg, 0.11-1.08 μg, 0.08-0.84 μg, 0.04-0.40 μg. The relative correction factor ( f) between Nifedipine and quercetin, kaempferide, isorhamnetin were 0.782 2, 0.768 5, 0.808 8, respectively. The average recovery ( n=6) were 98.48%, 98.03%, 94.55%. Conclusion:The results indicated that the HPLC method by substitute reference substance is economical, feasible and practical.

Refractory wounds are the common complication of diabetes,and the therapeutic scheme and methods are paid more and more attention nowadays. The influence of traditional Chinese medicines on diabetic wound healing, such as promoting fibroblasts proliferation, enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing the secretion of growth factors and reducing the wound scar, was re-viewed in the paper to provide scientific basis and reference for traditional Chinese medicines used in diabetic refractory wounds.

BACKGROUND: High molecular materials have been proved to enhance the mechanical properties of calcium phosphate bone cement, as well as attenuate the injectability of composite materials. It thereby influences the clinical application of composite materials.OBJECTIVE: To observe the compressive strength and injectability of silk fihroin compound calcium phosphate bone cement, to evaluate the effect of silk fibroin on calcium phosphate, and to investigate the feasibility of applying silk fibroin as an injectable hone substitute to repair hone defects.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Controlled study was performed in the central laboratory of Analysis and Testing Center, Soochow University from September to December in 2007.MATERIALS: Calcium phosphate cement was purchased from Shanghai Rebone Biomaterials Co., Ltd; silk fibroin was offered by Institute of Material & Engineering, Soochow University.METHODS: Six groups were set with different mass fractions (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%) of silk fibroin, which were mixed with bone cement at a certain liquid/solid ratio of 0.4 mL/g to prepare the calcium phosphate composite. The calcium phosphate cement without silk fibroin was served as control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The compressive strength and injectability were determined. The characteristic microstructure was observed using scanning electron microscope.RESULTS: The compressive strength increased firstly and then decreased with the addition of silk fibroin. The compressive strength of the experimental groups was remarkably higher than the control group when the silk fibroin content was 1%-2.5% (P<0.05). The injectability of the paste diminished with the addition of silk fibroin, which was statistically different when the silk fibroin content was 1.5%-3% (P<0.05). Scanning electron microscope result revealed that the silk fihroin penetrated throughout calcium phosphate crystals, which were tightly connected.CONCLUSION: Silk fibroin can improve the compressive strength of silk fibroin/calcium phosphate cement composites without significant influence of manipulation, and can widen the application field of calcium phosphate bone substitute.

Objective To evaluate the osteogenic characteristics of an injectable silk fibroin (SF) enhanced calcium phosphate cement (CPC) composite loaded with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on lumbar interbody fusion in sheep. Methods Twenty-four mature sheep were randomly divided into two groups. Each sheep underwent L1.2, L3.4 and L5.6 lumber interbody fusion, and the three disc spaces were randomly implanted with three of the following materials: SF/CPC, CPC/rhBMP-2, SF/CPC/rhBMP2 and autogenous iliac crest bone. One group was killed at 6 months and the other at 12 months. The fusion segments were observed and analyzed by manual palpation, CT scan, undestructive biomechanical testing, undecalcified histology, and histomorphology. Results The fusion rates of SF/CPC, CPC/rhBMP-2, SF/CPC/rhBMP-2 and autogenous bone assessed by manual palpation were 0, 33.33%, 55.56% and 77.78% respectively at 6 months. At 12 months, the fusion rates improved to 11.11%, 44.44%, 77.78% and 77.78%, respectively.The biomechanical results showed that fusion stiffness was significantly greater in autograft compared with SF/CPC/rhBMP-2, CPC/rhBMP-2, and SF/CPC in 4 degrees of freedom (flexion, extension, right bending, and left bending) at 6 months. The SF/CPC/rhBMP-2 composite showed similar stiffness as autograft, which was significantly greater than CPC/rhBMP-2 and SF/CPC at 12 nonths. Both CPC/rhBMP-2 and SF/CPC/rhBMP-2 showed significantly greater stiffness at 12 months compared with that of at 6 months. The results showed that bone volume was significantly greater in autograft compared with SF/CPC/rhBMP-2, CPC/rhBMP-2, and SF/CPC at 6 months. There was significant difference among ceramic residue among SF/CPC, CPC/rhBMP-2 and SF/CPC/rhBMP-2, with SF/CPC the greatest and SF/CPC/thBMP-2 the least. At 12 months, the bone volume of SF/CPC/rhBMP-2 composite was comparable with autograft, and greater than that of CPC/rhBMP-2 and SF/CPC. The bone volume of SF/CPC, CPC/rhBMP-2 and SF/CPC/rhBMP-2 was significantly greater at 12 months than that of at 6 months. The ceramic residue of SF/CPC, CPC/rhBMP-2 and SF/CPC/rhBMP-2 were significantly decreased. Conclusion The SF/CPC/rhBMP-2 composite had excellent osteoconduction and osteoinduction, and balanced degradation and osteogenesis, which may be a kind of ideal bone grafts in spinal fusion.

Objective To develop a HPLC-MS/MS method for comprehensive monitoring and control of the raw material feeding (honeysuchle flowers extract and baikal skullcap root extract) , and simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in Yinhuang capsules. Methods The separation was performed on an Inertsil ODS-3 (2.1 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) analytical column with the mobile phase consisting of methanol- 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution by gradient elution program, and the column temperature was 40 ℃. Active ingredients were separated by HPLC, and the Electrospray Ionization Mass (API) source was applied and operated in the negative ion mode, and reactions ion monitoring mode (MRM) for quantitative analysis were selected. Results The samples and the mixed Extract have the same characteristic peak in MS and MS/MS. According to the prescription feeding process, the proprietary Chinese medicine wasdetermined. The results showed that the palladium residue of 6 batches samples were up to the standard by HPLC/MS/MS chromatographic peak areas. The calibration cruve of chlorogenic acid and baicalin were linear: 0.60-4.80 μg/ml (r = 0.9989),2.87-14.40 μg/ml (r = 0.9986), with the relative standard deviation of repeatability by 0.69% and 0.69% respectively, and the mean recovery rate were 95%-102%, 95%-103%, respectively. Conclusions The method was proven to be simple, accurate, reliable, high sensitive and can be used for determination and control of the raw material feeding (honeysuchle flowers extract and baikal skullcap root extract) and quality in Yinhuang capsules.

Objective To establish a quantitative method for the simultaneous measurement of the residual level of three pesticides in Nelumbinis semen by GC-MS/MS. Methods The samples were extracted by acetonitrile and purify by Cleanert TPH column. The samples were then tested by GC-MS/MS. Information on relative retention time and mass charge ratio was used for qualitative analysis. The peak area obtained by secondary ion MS of bifenthrin (181.1/166.1)was used as the reference peak to calculate the relative correction factor for the peak area of fenpropathrin (265.1/210.1) and deltamethrin (252.9/93.0), to establish a method using bifenthrin as the reference substance to determinate there sidual quantity of three pesticides in Nelumbinis semen by GC-MS/MS. Results When the injection quantity of the sample containing bifenthrin,fenpropathrin and deltamethrin in the range of 0.01-0.1 ng , there was a good linear relationship between the injection quantity and peak are a Limitation of quantification (LOQ) of bifenthrin , fenpropathrin and deltamethrin were 4.321×10-4 ng, 3.435×10-4 ng, 8.913×10-3 ng, respectively. The average recovery rates of bifenthrin, fenpropathrin and deltamethrin were 93.5％, 93.5％ and 93.8％, respectively. Conclusions The method of quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker is simple, quick and accurate. It suitable for the detection of residual quantity of bifenthrin, fenpropathrin and deltamethrin in Nelumbinis semen.

Objective To investigate the effect on occupational failure and psychological withdraw behavior of group occupational characteristics in nurses of Pearl River Delta. Methods Questionnaire approach including demographic variables, job autonomy of occupational characteristics, work routinization, occupational exposure risk, occupational stress, occupational failure and psychological withdraw behavior were investigated in clinical nurses in 20 hospitals of Pearl River Delta. Results Group occupational characteristics in nurses influence directly on the psychological withdraw behavior. Occupational failure was partly involve in the relationships such as job autonomy of occupational characteristics and psychological withdraw behavior, work routinization and psychological withdraw behavior, occupational exposure risk and psychological withdraw behavior, occupational stress and psychological withdraw behavior. Conclusions Relative to other professions, group occupational characteristics in nurses cause higher occupational failure rate, and the psychological withdraw behavior in nurses is obviously.Attention should be taken from organizational leadership level to personal level.It is eager to take appropriate measures to relieve the occupational failure in nurses.

Objective The monitoring of the feeding situation of active pharmaceutical ingredient in Shendan-Chenpi tablet by HPLC-MS/MS,and the content of sodium taurocholate and hesperidin.Methods Using ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm)Column temperature 40 ℃, Mobile phase with acetonitrile-10 mmol/sodium acetate solution, using gradient elution program. Active ingredients were separated by HPLC, and the Electrospray Ionization Mass (ESI) source was applied and operated in the negative ion mode, and reactions ion monitoring mode(MRM) for quantitative analysis were selected. Results The proprietary Chinese medicine is judged by the prescription feeding process, through analysis and contrast of the medicinal materials, reference substance of primary mass spectrogram, secondary mass spectrogram of peak. The aurocholic acid sodium and hesperidin had a good linear relationship in 0.242×10-2-1.45×10-2μg(r=0.996 0), 0.688×10-2-10.30×10-2μg(r=0.999 2), and the precision test were 0.78% and 1.56%, and the recovery rate were 102%-103%,96%-109%. Conclusions The method was simple, accurate and reliable, high sensitive and fast. The comprehensive monitoring was applied to the Shedan-Chenpi tablet in feeding analysis and quality.

Objective The HPLC-MS/MS is used to comprehensively monitor the feeding conditions of raw materials in Yuanhu analgesic capsules, and the content of the index components can be detected at the same time. Methods The Inertsil ODS-3 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was used with the column temperature 40 ℃, Flow phase: 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile; the gradient elution program, active ingredients were separated by HPLC, and the Electrospray Ionization Mass (ESI) source was applied and operated in the negative ion mode, and reactions ion monitoring mode (MRM) for quantitative analysis were selected. Results Through analysis and contrast of the medicinal materials, reference substance of primary mass spectrogram showed the same characteristic peak, and the proprietary Chinese medicine can be judged by prescription feeding process. The tetrahydroxene and imperatorin had a good linear relationship in 5.08×10-5-30.45×10-5μg (r=0.999 4), 5.02×10-5-30.09×10-5μg (r=0.999 2). Precision test were 0.99% and 1.14%, the recovery rate were 97.02%-99.66%, 97.62%-99.94%. Conclusions The method is simple, accurate and reliable, high sensitive and fast. It is suitable to monitor the feeding condition and quality of yuanhu analgesic capsules.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of surgeries via frontal keyhole approach assisted by neuro-endoscope and via temporal keyhole approach assisted by microscope in cerebral basal ganglia hemorrhage. Methods:One hundred and five patients with basal ganglia cerebral hemorrhage admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 were chosen in our study; 51 patients underwent surgeries via frontal keyhole approach assisted by neuro-endoscope (neuro-endoscopy group) and 54 patients underwent surgeries via temporal keyhole approach assisted by microscope (microscopy group). The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed; and the differences of hematoma clearance rate, intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgery, length of hospital stays, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores one week after surgery, incidence of postoperative complications, and activity of daily living (ADL) scores 6 months after surgery were compared between the 2 groups. Results:There were no significant differences in hematoma clearance rate and length of hospital stays between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). As compared with the microscopy group, the neuro-endoscopy group had significantly lower intraoperative blood loss, significantly shorter duration of surgery, and statistically higher GCS scores one week after surgery ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in incidence of postoperative complications and ADL scores 6 months after surgery between 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Both surgeries via frontal keyhole approach assisted by neuro-endoscope and via temporal keyhole approach assisted by microscope can effectively clear the intracranial hematoma in patients with cerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia and protect neurological function; however, surgeries via frontal keyhole approach assisted by neuro-endoscope has advantages of shorter duration of surgery and lower intraoperative blood loss, and earlier neurological function recovery.