Using Vibrio fluvialis Ⅱ as host bacteria, 19 bacteriophages have been isolated from the 76 samples which were collected from Haliotis discus hannai ～growing seawater in Dalian marine culture company Dalian, liaoning province from May in 1996 to August I 1997. Ultrastructure of 19 bacteriophages were observed with electron to Bradley the results showed that of these bacteriophages belonged to Bradley A type, they have hexagonal heads of bacteriophages were identified with VP1,VP2,VP4,VP8 as representatives respectively. The phages remain stable at pH6. 0～10. 0, moreover VP2,VP4 and VP8 are rather stable at basic pHs. Although the characterization of heat inactivation course of VP4 is different from others, four phages are sensitive to heat and inactivated at 80℃ in 5 minutes. One step growth experiment showed that the eclipse period of VP1,VP2,VP4,VP8 are sensitive to heat and the eclipse period of VP1, VP2, VP4, VP8 are 42, 30, 46, 28 minutes. In this experiment we have isolated at least four different types phages, it suggest that in fact there is a population of phages in the seawater environment. The result of this study provided a way to find the potential value of phages as an indicator of pathogenic microorganisms Vibrio fluvilis Ⅱ in marine environment.

Objective: To study the relationship between Angle Class II division 2 malocclusion and congenital anomalies of dentition, Methods: 100 untreated patients (aged 12～42 years old) with Class II division 2 malocclusion were investigated by history,general examination,radiograph and tooth model. The data of congenital tooth anomalies were analysed.Results: Congenital tooth anomaly was found in 50 of the patients. Upper lateral incisor enamel hypoplasia was found in 7 patients, small size of maxillary lateral incisor in 28, canine impaction in 4, missing of lower incisor in 9, transposition in 2 and anterior tooth Bolton ratio discrepancies in 30 of the patients. Conclusion: Angle Class II division 2 malocclusion is closely related to congenital tooth anomalies. The main factors of anterior tooth Bolton discrepancies may be the small size of maxillary lateral incisor and absence of lower incisor.

Background Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIHS) appears retinopathy.Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and contrast sensitivity (CS) has been widely used in ophthalmology, but the application of OCT and CS in PIHS fundus lesions is less reported.Objective This study was to assess fundus changes of PHIS by using OCT and CS.Methods Two hundred and thirty-three eyes of 116 PIHS patients with fundus diseases were enrolled from January 2011 to January 2014 in the Cangzhou Central Hospital.One hundred eyes of fifty normal pregnant women were collected at the same period.Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus examination, OCT, CS were performed on these subjects.The CS values and BCVA between normal pregnant woment and PIHS patients were compared by independent samples t test.The correlation between BCVA grade and CS grade, OCT grade and CS grade, OCT grade and BCVA grade was calculated by trend x2 test and Gamma rank correlation analysis.The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Cangzhou Central Hospital, all the subjects signed informed consent.Results OCT results showed that 172 eyes were abnormal (65.15％) ,including 94 eyes with neurosensory serous retinal detachment (54.65％) ,40 eyes with pigment epithelium and the ellipsoid zone change (23.26％) and 38 eyes with optic disc edema,retinal hemorrhage and other changes (22.09％).The CS values in each spatial frequency and the BCVA in the PIHS group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (all at P ＜ 0.05).The OCT examination result was positively correlated with BCVA in the PIHS group (G=0.807,x2=93.418,both at P =0.000).The CS value under the 6.0 c/d had the best correlation with BCVA (G=0.820,x2=97.397, both at P=0.000).The OCT examination result was positively correlated with CS under the 6.0 c/d(G=0.932,x2 =126.376,both at P=0.000).Conclusions Combination of fundus examination,OCT and CS can objectively and comprehensively assess the morphology and function of retinopathy in PIHS patients,which provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis and timely treatment.

Objective To investigate the influence of high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU) ablation therapy on pregnancy outcomes in the patients with adenomyosis(AM).Methods Twenty patients with AM and successful pregnancy after HIFU ablation in Chongqing Haifu Hospital from April 2011 to February 2016 were selected.Their pregnancy and delivery situation were retrospectively analyzed.Results After HIFU treatment,the symptoms of dymenorrhea and menorrhagia were significantly improved compared with before operation(P＜0.05).The average fertilization time after HIFU was(8.75 ± 6.23) months,among them 11 cases succeeded in delivery,5 cases had spontaneous abortion,1 case was ectopic pregnancy,1 case took artificial abortion and 2 cases were still in pregnant period all cases had no uterime rupture during pregnant or delivery period.Neonateswere healthy.Conclusion HIFU ablation is an effective mode for treating AM and can be used in the patients with AM and birth demand.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of moderate aerobic exercise intervention for patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methods Randomized Clinical Trials(RCTs) that assessed the effectiveness of aerobic exercise intervention for patients with Alzheimer's disease were reviewed using multiple electronic databases systematically. Data were analyzed by RevMan 5.2.0 version. Results Eight RCTs were included. Meta-analysis indicated that moderate aerobic exercise could improve the score of MMSE(WMD=1.58,95%CI:0.63~2.53,P<0.01),reduce the score of Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale(ADAS-Cog)(WMD=-4.06,95%CI:-6.83~-1.28,P<0.01) and the score of Neuropsychiatric Inventory(WMD=-3.97,95%CI:-5.69~-2.25,P<0.01). Conclusion Moderate Aer-obic exercise can improve cognitive function of Alzheimer's patients,and improve their neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Objective To study the relationship between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Ninety-six patients with T2DM were selected as T2DM group retrospectively,and 60 cases of healthy physical examination were selected as control group,the patient' s medical history data were collected,the IMA was detected and Doppler ultrasound examination was performed.The relationship between serum IMA level and some laboratory parameters were analyzed.Results Twenty-eight cases (29.2％,28/96) occurred CVD among 96 cases of T2DM patients.The level of IMA in T2DM group was higher than that in control group [(58.25 ± 11.84) kU/L vs.(23.38 ± 6.41) kU/L],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of IMA in T2DM combined with CVD group (28 cases) and T2DM not combined with CVD group (68 cases) were(91.46 ± 13.63),(47.91 ± 9.38) kU/L; the level of IMA in T2DM combined with CVD group was higher than that in T2DM not combined with CVD group and control group,there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).All patients completed echocardiography,Spearman correlation analysis between IMA and echocardiography indicators showed that the level of IMA was positively correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (r =0.546,P =0.031),interventricular septal thickness (r =0.427,P =0.039),posterior wall diameter of left ventricle at end-diastolic (r =0.582,P =0.026) and left venifieular mass index (r =0.339,P =0.042),and IMA was negatively correlated with ejection fraction of left ventricle (r =-0.561,P =0.024).Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that IMA,high-sensitivity C reactive protein,diabetes duration,fasting blood glucose levels were independent risk factors for CVD.Conclusions Serum IMA level is significantly higher in T2DM patients.IMA level is a related risk factor for CVD.

Objective To investigate the correlation between homocysteine(Hcy) and atheroscIerosis (AS) in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods A total of 98 type 2 diabetic patients in Donghua Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yet-Sen University were enrolled in this study and served as diabetic group.Meanwhile diabetic patients were divided into aged group(aged ＞65 years old) and young and middle aged group(＜65 years old).Fortynine healthy volunteers were used as control group.Intima-media thickness(IMT) and atherosclerotic plaqlles of the extracranial common carotid artery were detected by high-resolution B-mode ultrasoograph.Fasting plasma glucose (FPG),postprandial 2 h glucose (2 hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1 c),total cholesterol (TC),total triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),creactive protein(CRP) and Hcy were measured.Correlation analysis of Hcy and IMT with other parameters was performed.Results Hcy level in patients with type 2 diabetes were (34.15 ± 10.25) μmol/L,significantly higher than those in healthy control group((8.46 ± 3.62) μmol/L,P =0.014).Hcy level in age group((40.63 ± 11.78) μmol/L) was significantly higher than that of young and middle aged group((26.54 ±9.38) μmol/L,P =0.028).IMT value and plaque detection rate in elderly patients were (1.28 ±0.26) mm and 66.1％ (20/41),significantly higher than that in the young and middle aged group((1.02 ±0.20) mm and 38.9％,P =0.041,0.027).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age (OR =1.46,95％ CI:1.18-6.36,P =0.029),duration of diabetes (OR =2.62,95％ CI:1.78-7.43,P ＜ 0.001),LDL-C (OR =1.54,95％CI 1.19-6.27,P =0.028),CRP(OR =1.38,95％ CI 1.11-4.84,P =0.032),Hcy(OR =2.45,95％ CI 1.34-6.61,P =0.018)) were independent risk factors for carotid AS.Conclusion The Hcy level significantly increase in type 2 diabetic patients.Hcy,age,duration of diabetes,LDL-C,CRP are independently risk factors of neck AS.

ObjectiveTo explore the PBL mode in training students' ability,improve the quality of teaching effect,in the teaching of Clinical therapeutic ultrasound and the teaching method based on problems with discussion method.MethodsTo 31 subjects of study who were randomly divided into five groups,each 6 people,a PBL teaching mode was used for 12 periods by proposing and study,group discussion,the whole class exchange and commenting on summary.ResultsThe survey shows that 93.6％ students think the teachers' design has gained their ends,71％ students are impressed by the knowlege and 96.8％ of the students show the good learning attitude,64.5％ of the students raised their interest in learning,which shows teaching results are effective.ConclusionPBL mode is superior to LBL teaching mode in training students' ability,improving the quality of teaching effect.

Objective To investigate the effect of virtual simulation teaching method in the comprehensive experimental teaching.Methods In experimental teaching of nursing,simulation medical records were compiled,plans were implemented,experiment guidance materials were preliminarily formed and teaching effect was evaluated.Results The application of virtual simulation teaching in nursing comprehensive experiments reflected the comprehensiveness of teaching content,and the comprehensiveness of knowledge,ability and capacity.It could train students creative ability,exploring spirit,enhance the sense of professional and humane care consciousness,train the communication skills and strain capacity,make active teaching atmosphere,improve the quality of teaching.Conclusions This teaching method can make students achieve mastery through a comprehensive multi-disciplinary knowledge,improve the ability of solving practical problems,help nurses to develop the comprehensive professional quality.