The antifungal mechanism of the TS67(Penicillum sp.) producing bioactive metabolites was investigated in this paper. The test indicated that mycelia growth, spores forming and spores germination of Bipolaris maydis and Fusarium oxysporum can be inhibitied by metabolites, after 50% fermentation broth acting 120 hours, the inhibition rate of hyphal growth can reach about 77.78%, 70.30%, the inhibition rate of spores forming also arrived at 58.8%, 73.5%; under 50% fermentation broth acting 12 hours, the inhibition rate of spores germination were up to 78.3%, 62.0%, the mycelia under activity metabolites conditoins also showed surface nodulation and growing point expanding irregularly, protoplasmic condesing, etc. Based on all these results, we may draw a conclusion that activity metabolites maybe target at fungal cell wall.

The tissue distribution of DNA-PLGA-NP was investigated by the technique of gamma scintigraphy. The results showed that 30 min after mouse caudal vein injection of 32P-DNA-PLGA-NP, the ratio of radioactivity in liver against total radioactivity is higher than 70%, which is 1.4 fold the ratio after caudal vein injection of 32P-DNA, and that 2 h after subcutaneous injection of 32P-DNA-PLGA-NP 2 h, the ratio of the radioactivity in liver against total radioactivity is also higher than 70%, reaching a 1.6 fold increase when compared with the ratio after subcutaneous injection of 32P-DNA.
Animals ; DNA ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Carriers ; Injections, Intravenous ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Lactic Acid ; Mice ; Particle Size ; Plasmids ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; pharmacokinetics ; Polyglycolic Acid ; Polymers ; Thymidine Kinase ; genetics ; Tissue Distribution

The essay summarizes the current development and application of reference extracts from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Through the analysis on problems in the quality control of TCMs, and on the basis of the current application of reference extracts in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, it investigates reference extracts from TCMs and forecasts the study orientation on TCM quality standards. Despite a wide prospect for the application of reference extracts in quality control of TCMs, there remain problems in varieties and standards. It is of great significance for the TCM understanding to further promote the development of reference extracts.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Pharmacopoeias as Topic ; standards ; Quality Control ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; standards

Objective To compare and explore the differences of clinical characteristics between human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV7) and type 55 (HAdV55) infections in adults,and to provide evidences for clinical management.Methods The data of clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations,chest computed tomography and prognosis of 214 cases with HAdV7 and 235 cases with HAdV55 infections from 2012 to 2018 were retrospectively collected and analyzed.The chi-square test was used for the categorical variables,and the rank sum test was used for the continuous variables of non-normal distribution.Results Compared with patients in HAdV55,those in HAdV7 group displayed more diarrhea (12.1％ [26/214] vs 2.6％ [6/235],x2 =15.583),more laryngeal lymphatic follicles (33.2％ [71/214] vs 17.9％ [42/235],x2 =23.566),more tonsil enlargement (56.5％ [121/214] vs 20.0％ [47/235],x2 =63.870) with secretions (33.2％ [71/214] vs 11.5％ [27/235],x2 =30.878),more leukocytosis (24.8％ [53/214] vs 14.0％ [33/235],x2 =8.318),more monocytosis (78.0％ [167/214] vs 52.8％ [124/235],x2 =31.364),more thrombocytosis (7.1％ [15/212] vs 3.8％ [9/235],x2 =5.835),more elevated level of C-reactive protein (80.8％ [97/120] vs 64.3％ [137/213],x2 =10.020),more abnormalities of liver function (alamne aminotransferase [ALT]:13.5％ [28/207] vs 5.6％ [13/232],x2 =8.111) and myocardial enzymes (creatine kinase [CK]:37.6％ [77/205] vs 26.4％ [61/231],x2 =6.246),creatine kinase isoenzymes ([CK-MB]:35.6％ [73/205] vs 11.1％ [24/216],x2 =35.600),and all the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05,0.01).Compared with patients in HAdV7 group,those in HAdV55 group displayed longer duration of diseases (7 [5]days vs 6[5] days,Z=-2.632),more sore throat (72.8％ [171/235] vs 62.1％ [133/214],x2 =0.016),more headache (62.1％ [146/235] vs 16.4％ [35/214],x2 =97.527),more pharyngeal congestion (93.6％ [220/235]vs 74.8％ [160/214],x2 =30.602),more leukopenia (14.0％ [33/235] vs 24.8％ [53/214],x2 =8.318),and more elevated level of lactate dehydrogenase (12.6％ [29/230] vs 6.3％ [13/205],x2 =4.881),more pneumonia (71.5％ [168/235] vs31.8％ [68/214],x2 =70.846) (all P＜0.05,0.01).Conclusions The clinical characteristics of HAdV7 and HAdV55 infections in adults are different.The type 55 infection is more likely to develop to pneumonia,while the type 7 infection has wider tissue tropism.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the actual condition of the sexual physiological and psychological development of the high school students in Yibin in order to get a reliable basis for sexual education of the teenagers.

METHODSWith a proportion of 1% to the whole, 2,770 students were randomly selected from eight high schools in the urban and rural areas of the city. We devised a questionnaire and asked each student to fill in his or her answers presently.

RESULTSSo far as sexual physiological and psychological development was concerned, the high school students of Yibin were found rather precocious, with very little sexual knowledge and psychological endurance in sexual affairs and a relative lack of sexual education.

CONCLUSIONIt is imperative to extend the scope of puberty sexual education in high schools. Teenagers must be taught different kinds of sexual knowledge at different periods of growth as well as how to avoid sexually transmitted diseases and gestation. The sexual knowledge level of the teachers must also be raised. It is a must to establish service or specialist consultation hot lines about sexual knowledge for teenagers. Parents are expected to change their traditional views and assume an active role in the joint efforts of sexual education for their children.

Adolescent ; Child ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menarche ; Psychology, Adolescent ; Psychosexual Development ; Rural Population ; Sexual Development ; Students ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo identify genes in human cells infected with high pathogenic avian influenza viruses H5N1.

METHODSThe lung carcinoma cells line A549 was infected with H5N1 and H1N1, respectively. We harvested the infected cells at the different time points after infection and screened the genes with differential expression via microarray technology. The candidate genes were selected and confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe spectrum of genes with the differential expression in the cells infected with H5N1 was obtained and 16 candidate genes were identified in the cellular apoptosis pathway, mTOR pathway, and the cellular immunity as well.

CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that H5N1 exert a stronger impact on eliciting apoptosis of infected cells than the common influenza virus H1N1.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; physiology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

To analyse the quality of three processed products of Rhizome of Curcuma wenyujin by establishing an ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method for simultaneously determining five sesquiterpene components in three processed products of rhizome of C. wenyujin and establishing UPLC fingerprints. Component determination was achieved on Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column（2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.7 μm), with acetonitrile-water as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.3 mL·min⁻¹; column temperature was 30 °C; the detection wavelength was set at 214 nm and injection volume was 1 μL. The similarity was analyzed with "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Chinese Materia Medica (2012.130723)", and hydrophobic cluster analysis (HCA), principal components analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were conducted by using simca-p14.1 software to investigate the differences in components among these three kinds of processed products. The curzerene, curdione, curcumol, germacrone, furanodiene and β-elemene showed good linearity relationship with chromatographic peak area within the ranges of 10.8-320（=0.999 9）, 10.36-259（=0.998 1）, 10.54-263.5（=0.999 3）, 30.2-755（=0.999 6）and 34.38-862（=0.999 9）mg·L⁻¹, respectively; their average recoveries were 98.75%, 98.69%, 98.63%, 99.76% and 99.57% respectively, with RSD of 2.67%, 1.47%, 1.29%, 2.54% and 0.87% respectively. The similarity of 30 batches of samples was larger than 0.9, indicating good consistency of the samples. The samples can be clearly classified into three categories for HCA, PCA and OPLS-DA pattern recognition, the differential chromatographic peak among three processed products was found respectively. The results showed that the pharmacology basis had changed obviously after processing of Rhizome of C. wenyujin, so it can provide the scientific basis for rational clinical application and establishing quality standards of three processed products of Rhizome of curcuma wenyujin.

To compare the effects of Curcumae Rhizoma/vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizomaon immune hepatic fibrosis, proliferation of HSC-T6, and expressions of α-SMA and Procollagen I. The immunological liver fibrosis model was prepared through intraperitoneal injection with porcine serum 0.5 mL in each rat, twice a week, for 14 weeks. Expressions of serum ALT, AST, PC-Ⅲ, IV-C, LN, HA and HYP, MDA in liver tissues were observed after administration of Curcumae Rhizoma/vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma (0.95, 1.90 g•kg⁻¹). The pathological changes in liver tissues were observed by HE staining. Masson staining and Sirius red staining were used to observe the expression of collagen in rat liver. HSC-T6 was cultured, and the proliferation of HSC-T6 was determined by MTT assay at different concentrations in 12, 24, 36, 48 h. The expressions of α-SMA and Procollagen I were detected by Real-time PCR. The results showed that expressions of serum ALT, AST, PC-Ⅲ, IV-C, LN and HA in Curcumae Rhizoma/vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma groups (0.95, 1.90 g•kg⁻¹) were significantly lower than model group; in terms of effect, vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma group was superior to Curcumae Rhizoma group. Curcumae Rhizoma/vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma containing serum could inhibit the proliferation of HSC-T6 in a dose-effect and time-effect manner. Expressions of α-SMA and Procollagen I in HSC-T6 were decreased after 24 h, especially in 20% vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma containing serum group (P<0.01). Both Curcumae Rhizoma/vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma could reduce immune hepatic fibrosis to varying extent. Their anti-hepatic fibrosis mechanism may be correlated with inhibition of the proliferation of HSC-T6, and reduction of the formation of extracellular matrix and promotion of its degradation.

The epidemic situation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is developing rapidly in the world, and the influence is serious. In this study, the prescription of Mongolian medicine to prevent new type of COVID-19 was investigated. Based on the second edition and the third edition of COVID-19 Mongolian Medicine Prevention and Treatment Guidance Program issued by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Health Commission, using Excel 2007, SPSS Modeler 18, SPSS Statistics 25, Cytoscape 3.7.1 statistical software as a tool, the association rules analysis and cluster analysis of Mongolian medicine included in the standard were carried out. Among the 45 prophylactic prescriptions included in the standard, a total of 34 high-frequency drugs using frequency ≥5 were used, of which Carthami Flos(21 times, 4.46%), Chebulae Fructus(20 times, 4.26%), Moschus(13 times, 2.77%), Myristicae Semen(12 times, 2.55%), Santali Albi Lignum(12 times, 2.55%), and Bovis Calculus(12 times, 2.55%) were the most common. The main drugs for the prevention of COVID-19 were Liang(13 times, 38.23%), Wen(9 times, 26.47%), the flavor was Ku(20 times, 34.48%), Xin(13 times, 22.41%), Gan(11 times, 18.97%), the most used drugs treating hot evil(99 times, 32.46%), treatment of "Heyi" drugs(51 times, 16.72%), treatment of "Badagan" drugs(40 times, 13.11%), treatment of "sticky" drugs(37 times, 12.13%), and a cough, eliminating phlegm and antiasthmatic(31 times, 10.16%), the association rule analysis found that the highest association intensity of the drug pair combination of 11. Clustering analysis using the cluster analysis of inter-group join method found a total of 8 categories. In this study, 45 prescriptions of Mongolian medicine for the prevention of COVID-19 were collec-ted and further analyzed, hoping to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Betacoronavirus ; China ; Coronavirus Infections ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy

In this paper, the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology CPMG (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill) echo method was used to determine the cross-linking degree and cross-linking density of crospovidone (PVPP) from different manufacturers. Based on the seven physical properties of PVPP, a fingerprint spectrum (radar chart) of twenty secondary quality indicators were obtained, and three compressibility evaluation indicators, index of the parameter (IP), index of parametric profile (IPP), index of good compression (IGC) were calculated by the fingerprint spectrum. It was found that the cross-linking degree and compressibility index IP of PVPP showed a strong correlation (r = 0.816) by the correlation analysis, indicating that the cross-linking degree is one of the key quality attributes for evaluating the compressibility of PVPP.