Autoimmune Diseases ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cholangitis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; therapeutic use ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid ; therapeutic use

BACKGROUND:Single hematology analysis can only reflect the body injury at a certain time point after radiation damage, but cannot reflect the longer-term cumulative status after radiation damage. OBJECTIVE:To identify the biomarkers in blood and urine in mice after radiation damage with metabolomics method based on nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum. METHODS:Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into four groups and received 0 (sham radiation), 3, 9 and 27 Gy radiation. The blood samples were col ected at 24 hours and 5 days after radiation. Another 36 mice were col ected and divided into three groups and received 0 (sham radiation), 9 and 27 Gy radiation, then the urine samples were col ected at 2 days before radiation and 5 days after radiation for 24 hours. The blood and urine samples were analyzed with proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The content of aspartic aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in blood plasma maintained a stable level after 3-or 9-Gy X-ray radiation, but the level of alkaline phosphatase in blood plasma was increased significantly after 9-Gy radiation, which indicating that low-dose head radiation may cause increased radiation damage and repair. The level of total superoxide dismutase in blood plasma was significantly decreased at 5 days after radiation which indicating that head radiation in mice could cause systemic oxidative stress. Meanwhile, the N-hexamolglycine and-thymidine level in the urine samples was significantly increased after different doses X-ray radiation, which can be used as the radiation damage markers in urine samples after head radiation. The 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoic acid 3-O-sulfate level in urine samples was increased by 2.5 times after received 9-Gy radiation, which can be used as the specific markers of middle-and low-dose radiation damage;the level of taurine in the urine samples was increased by 20%after 27-Gy radiation, which can be used as the specific markers of high-dose radiation damage.

AIM: To investigate the inhibiting effect and mechanism of dimethylaminoethyl ginkgolide B mesylate on platelet aggregation and release function.METHODS: The effect of dimethylaminoethyl ginkgolide B mesylate on inhibiting PAF-induced platelet aggregation was measured by turbidimetry method through giving rabbits dimethylaminoethyl ginkgolide B mesylate at different final concentration via i.v.for 5 days.The release of Ca2 + from PAF-induced platelet in rabbits was assayed with fluorospectrophotometry and the contents of TXA2 and PGI2 were measured by radio-immunity method.RESULTS: Three groups of dimethylaminoethyl ginkgolide B mesylate (1.95,3.90,7.80 mg/kg) had significant effect on inhibiting PAF-induced platelet aggregation in rabbits (compared to normal,P

Respiratory Protective Devices

Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Body Height ; drug effects ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Growth Disorders ; drug therapy ; Human Growth Hormone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To study the attenuating effect of angiotensin I type 1 receptor antagonist losartan and an-giotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on aortic atherosclerosis in rabbits. Methods: Thirty-one male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group,high cholesterol diet group,losartan group, captopril group and combined drug administration groupdosartan+captopril). The animals were killed after 16 weeks and the serum total cholesterol ,triglyceride, high and low density cholesterol .atherosclertic ratio,endothelin,NO,plaque area percentage,aortic cholesterol content and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis were determined. Results:The plaque area percentage,aortic cholesterol contents and endothelin levels of 3 drug treatment groups were significantly lower than that of high cholesterol group,NO contents and VSMC apoptosis were significantly higher. Conclusion:Losartan and captopril can attenuate aortic atherosclerosis induced by high cholesterol diet .combined administration of the 2 drugs at low doses are more effective. The mechanism may be related to the protection of endothelial function and the effect on apoptosis of VSMC.

OBJECTIVETo explore activity laws of mitochondrial complex II in patients of deficiency-cold syndrome (DCS) and deficiency-heat syndrome (DHS) under various ambient temperatures.

METHODSSubjects were recruited by questionnaire and expert diagnosis from grade 1 - 3 undergraduates at Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine in November 2012, and assigned to a normal control group, the DCS group, and the DHS group, 20 in each group. Their venous blood samples were collected at two different temperature conditions. Activities of mitochondrial complex II were measured by spectrophotometry.

RESULTS(1) Comparison of mitochondrial complex It under various ambient temperatures: Compared with room temperature in the same group, activity values were all increased in the normal control group at cold temperature with significant difference (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the DCS group and the DHS group (P >0. 05). Compared with the normal control group, activity values of complex H were reduced in the DCS group at cold and room temperatures with significant difference (P <0.05). Compared with the DCS group, activity values of complex It were increased in the DHS group with significant difference (P <0. 05). (2) Changes of adjustment rates: Compared with room temperature, the adjustment rate all rose at cold temperature in the normal control group and the DHS group with significant difference (P <0.05), but with no significant difference found in the DCS group (P >0. 05). Compared with the normal control group at the same temperature, the adjustment rate in the DHS group and the DCS group was all reduced at cold and room temperatures with significant difference (P <0. 05). There were no significant difference in the adjustment rate between the DHS group and the DCS group (P > 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSEnvironment temperature can affect the activity of mitochondrial complex II with different influence degrees on different syndrome types of people, but its change trend are basically identical.

Cold Temperature ; Electron Transport Complex II ; metabolism ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Syndrome ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo analyze the electrical activity property changes in nucleus accumbens (NAc) of heroin-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) rats during different stages of heroin dependence and to explore NAc's roles in the formation of drug dependence.

METHODSRecording electrodes were bilaterally embedded into the NAcs of rats with the aid of stereotaxic apparatus, followed by establishment of heroin-dependent rat model. The NAc electrical activity during 3 different stages of heroin dependence, including heroin pre-exposure, immediate post-exposure and heroin withdrawal, were respectively recorded using EEG wireless telemetry techniques. The frequency distribution (ranging from 0.5 to 30 Hz) and the amplitude of NAc electrical activity were analyzed and measured.

RESULTSHeroin-dependent rat models were successfully established and their withdrawal symptoms were evident. All rats showed a conditioned place preference (CPP) for the white box after 5-10 days of heroin-exposure, and displayed a maximum withdrawal symptoms on 2d after heroin- withdrawal. During all statges of heroin-dependence, the NAc electrical activity contained the highest proportion of delta rhythm and the lowest proportion of alpha2 rhythm. The discharge frequence band was similar across different stages. There was a significantly increased ratio of low-frequency discharges (delta rhythm) and decreased ratio of high-frequency discharges (beta rhythm) in NAc of rats during the immediate post- heroin exposure stage when compared with that during pre-exposure and heroin withdrawal stages. During the withdrawal stage, the ratio of at rhythm was significantly lower than during pre- and post-heroin exposure stages (P < 0.01). Further, the mean discharge amplitude in NAcs during immediate post-exposure and withdrawal stages was significantly increased relative to pre-exposure stage. However, the mean discharge amplitude during heroin withdrawal stage was significantly lower than during immediate post-exposure stage.

CONCLUSIONThe electrical activity properties in rat NAcs showed a significant change during different stages of heroin-dependence, which suggested that neuronal activities in NAcs might contribute to the modulation of drug-dependence.

Animals ; Conditioning, Operant ; Heroin ; pharmacology ; Heroin Dependence ; physiopathology ; Male ; Nucleus Accumbens ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Telemetry

Background and purpose:It is increasingly focused on that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP-4) effect cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of tumor cells, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPPA) plays an important role in IGF-1-dependent IGFBP-4 protease mechanism that regulats tumor cells' growth. This study aimed to investigate the serum levels and clinical signiifcance of IGF-1, IGFBP-4, and PAPPA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:IGF-1, IGFBP-4, and PAPPA plasma levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from 82 patients with NSCLC and 40 control subjects, then the correlations between variables were assessed by Spearman correlation analysis, and associations between the IGFs variables and lung cancer risk were calculated through the odds ratio (OR) and its 95%conifdence interval (CI) with the use of unconditional logistic regression analysis. Results:Serum levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-4 and PAPPA in NSCLC patients were signiifcantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). There was a signiifcant positive correlation between the serum IGF-1 levels and PAPPA levels (r=0.835,P=0.000), and a negative correlation with IGFBP-4 levels (r=-0.612,P=0.000). IGFBP-4 and PAPPA levels were negatively correlated(r=-0.673, P=0.000). High plasma levels of IGF-1(OR=2.28, 95%CI: 1.25-4.36,P=0.008) and PAPPA (OR=1.64, 95%CI: 0.89-3.01,P=0.046)were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, however high plasma levels of IGFBP-4(OR=0.54, 95%CI:0.30-1.01,P=0.047)were associated with reduced risk of lung cancer. Conclusion:To detect IGF-1, IGFBP-4 and PAPPA in serum in NSCLC patients is meaningful for the clinical auxiliary diagnosis and biology behavior prediction of NSCLC. And further study of signal transduction pathways of IGFs with the occurrence and development of NSCLC is a meaningful research direction.

Objective To test the effect of bone marrow mesenehymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on oxidative stress and the development of pulmonary emphysema in rats. Methods SD rats (n=26) were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group (group A, n=8),emphysema group (group B, n=8) and emphysema+MSCs transplantation group (group C, n=10).Rat models of emphysema was established by exposing rats to cigarette smoking for 14 weeks. Then rats of group C received MSCs transplantation. At the 14th and 28th days after 4 course of MSCs transplantations, one rat in group C was sacrificed at each time point and their lungs were preserved in frozen sections. Survival of MSCs in the lung tissues were observed by fluorescence microscopy. Eight weeks after transplantations, lung sections were stained by hematoxylin and eo?sin (HE) to observe the morphological alterations.Mean linear intercept (MLI) and mean alveolar numbers (MAN) were also measured. Serum and lung malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were also examined. Re?sults At the 14th day and 28th day after transplantations of MSCs, MSCs successfully localized to lung and survived in rat models of emphysema. Emphysematous changes of lung tissues were observed in both group B and group C. MLI was higher while MAN was lower in group B and C than those in group A (P<0.05). MLI and MDA levels in serum and lung were high?er while MAN level and SOD activity were lower in group B than those in group C (P<0.05).MDA levels in serum and lung was higher while SOD activity was lower in group B and C than those in group A (P<0.05). Conclusion MSCs transplanta?tions can effectively alleviates pulmonary emphysema in rat models which might through reducing oxidative stress .