Object To provide an economical and practical technique for planting of Radix Gentianae in large scale Methods Indoor artificial pregermination, insemination in carboxymethyl cellulose suspension, irrigation with micro sprayer and no shelter growing technique of seedling Results The seedling cost is 60% lower than that of conventional technique In each square meter 3 000 seedlings were grown Conclusion This technique can be widely applied.

10 adult female rats were used to study blast injuries of the air-way and lung. The conclusions are as follows. 1. There was significant difference in arterial blood gas analysis between the normal control and injury group. 2. The une-venness in the lung damage, bleeding, tear of the alveolar septa induced by the air shock wave was predominant, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as by the light microscopy (LM) . The bleeding may be due to the capillary rupture of alveolar septa. The' rope-like' structures seen might represent the fibre component in the septa which had more resistance to the local force and remained after the other components were wiped away by explosion. 3. Striping and fissure of the epithelium of trachea and bronchi of the injured group were detected. 4. The pathological changes observed with SEM were compared to those with LM.

The morphological changes of the rat lung with blast injury are quantitified with a stereological method. After blast the pulmonary capillary volume and internal surface area decreased significantly, arithrnatic and harmonic mean thickness of the air-blood barrier, the volumes of P'MN and platelet in capillury increased remarkably. The morphometric lung diffusion capacity of oxygen (DLO2) is reduced markedly mainly due to the decrease of diffusion capacity of air-blood barrier and erythrocyte. The change of DLO2 is closely correlated with the arterial blood oxygen pressure, indicated that the damage of pulmonary capillary is one of the main causes of alveolar bleeding and the early respiratory insufficiency. A mathematic relation can be established between the intensity of the blast wave and the corresponding morphological changes of the injured lungs.

Semaphorins is the one of guidance molecule families.It is proved to have wide physiological function in the development of neutron and play important role in the pathogenesis of retinal degenerative diseases,gangliocyte apoptosis-related diseases and neovascularization.Previous studies showed that Semaphorins distribute in the cornea,lens and retina.Semaphorins play important role in the development of retina,visual system,cornea nerve and reduce the death of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)caused by glaucoma,retinal detachment and hypoxic ischemic optic neuropathy.Semaphorin family-related gene mutation may be associated with retinal degenerative diseases.Some of the members could also inhibit angiogenesis.Since semaphorins and its receptors participate in the development of the vasculature and nervous systems,they are implied to be the potential new target of ophthalmopathic treatment.The current ptogress in structure and functions of the semaphorin family along with their relationship with ophthalmopathy were summarized in this study.

Object To investigate the reason of the low germination and sprout rates by studying on inhibitory activities of the crude extracts of the seed of the dried root of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk (DRSD) on Brassica, wheat and the seed of DRSD. Methods The ether extract and residue of the crude extract were prepared and treated by paper chromatography. The inhibitory activities of different fractions with different Rf value were determined. Effect of steeping the seed in warm water at 41 ℃ and 45 ℃ for different periods of time was also studied, respectively. Results There are intrinsic inhibitor in the seed of DRSD with strong activity. The portion of its ether extract with Rf 0.6 showed the strongest inhibitory activity for the germination of Brassica seed. The crude extract of the seed of DRSD also has the stronger inhibitory activity to the germination and growth of tender root of S. divaricata and has the same effect on aerial part of wheat sprouts. Steeping with warm water and solvent can remove most of the intrinsic inhibitor. Conclusion Intrinsic inhibitor in the seed of DRSD is the main factor that results in the low germination and sprouting slowly after seeding.

Cardiomyopathies ; chemically induced ; Chlorine Compounds ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Oxides ; poisoning

China ; Feeding Methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; growth & development ; Infection ; complications ; therapy ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; complications ; mortality ; Pregnancy ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Therapy ; Survival Rate

Objective To explore the serum lactic acid,transaminase and their relationship with liver pathological damage in sepsis rats,whether a correlation exists between serum lactate clearance rate and transaminase in sepsis rats,and whether they can be used as indicators for the prediction and evaluation of septic rats liver injury.Methods A total of 150 clean Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was divided into normal group (n =50),sham operated group (n =50),and the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) (n =50).Ten rats were killed after successful surgery at the 6th,12th,24th,48th,and 72nd hour in CLP group,respectively.At each time point,10 normal rats and 10 sham-operated rats were taken as a control in the corresponding time point.The liver tissue was obtained for pathological analysis.The levels of lactate and liver transaminase were detected and the lactate clearance rate was calculated.The levels of lactate and transaminase at each time point were statistically compared.The correlation analysis was performed among serum lactate,transaminase,and liver damage pathological changes.Results The rat hepatocytes in CLP group begin to appear at the 6th hour,and the damage was gradually enhanced at the 12th,24th,and 48th,and up to the worst damage at the 48th time point.The levels of lactate and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)in CLP group at the 12th and 24th hour were significantly elevated compared with the normal and sham operation groups (P ＜0.05); The level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in CLP group at the 6th,12th,24th,48th,and 72nd hour was significantly elevated compared with the normal and sham operation groups (P ＜ 0.05).A positive correlation was found between the levels of ALT and lactate (r =0.766,P ＜0.05),and a negative correlation was found between lactate clearance rate and ALT (r =-0.712,P ＜0.05).Conclusions In septic rats,both lactate and lactate clearance rate were correlated with ALT,and they were correlated with liver pathological damage.The level of lactate,lactate clearance rate,and ALT could be used as the key indicators to predict liver damage in septic rats.

BACKGROUND:Heart transplantation is an effective method for treatment of end-stage heart failure, but immune rejection that seriously impact therapeutic effacicy is easy to occur after transplantation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regulatory effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on the immune function of rats undergoiong heart transplantation. METHODS:Twenty Lewis rats were enrol ed as donors, and 20 Wistar rats as recipients. Heart transplantation models were established in the Wistar rats. These 20 model rats were randomized into cel transplantation and control group with 10 rats in each group. Forty-eight hours after heart transplantation, rats in the cel transplantation group were given bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension (1 mL, 2×108 cel s/L) via the tail vein, while rats in the control group were given normal saline in the same dose. Then, the expression levels of serum interleukin-2, interleukin-10 and percentage of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, CD4+CD25high, CD4+CD25high Foxp3+T cel s in the venous blood were detected in the two groups at 7 days after cel transplantation. Additional y, rat myocardial tissues were taken and observed pathological y. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The survival time of the cel transplantation group was significantly longer than that of the control group (P<0.05). The expression level of interleukin-2 showed no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05), but the level of interleukin-10 in the cel transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the percentage of CD4+/CD8+, CD4+CD25high, CD4+CD25high Foxp3+and CD4+T cel s was significantly higher, and the percentage of CD8+T cel s was significantly lower in the cel transplantation group (P<0.05). Histopathological findings showed that there were a smal amount of infiltrated lymphocytes in the cel transplantation group with the presence of slight bleeding and edema, and these inflammatory reactions were milder than those in the control group. These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can effectively reduce the rejection in rats undergoing heart transplantation.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the standardization of online pharmacies pharmacist service. METHODS:Lit-erature research method,online entity investigation method and the method of mysterious customer were adopted to investigate 10 well-known online pharmacies,then described the analysis of current online pharmacies pharmacist service in China. RESULTS:There were 5 online pharmacies showing pharmacist service,but only 1 pharmacy could provide pharmacist registration certificate;on average each online pharmacy was allocated with 1.9 licensed pharmacists;only 2 online pharmacies provided 24 hours of phar-macist service;8 online pharmacies provided more than 2 consulting method;messagebox would pop actively when clicking the“Buy”button in 6 online pharmacies;the correct rate of pharmacist’s guidance was less than 60%,only 20% pharmacists could provide right explanation. CONCLUSIONS:The reasons of the lack of online pharmacies pharmacist service include online pharma-cies imperfect laws and regulations and supervision,lack of licensed pharmacists quantity and quality is not high enough,online pharmacies,pharmacists consulting system is not mature. Online pharmacies can improve relevant laws and regulations,strengthen the government supervision,reasonable and effective use of licensed pharmacists resources,perfect the pharmacist online consult-ing service water system and improve the licensed pharmacists to improve pharmacists service function status.