Objective To observe the effects of storage condition on the quality of Semen Armeniacae Amarum. Methods Orthogonal design was adopted. The storage condition was optimized with temperature,humidity and storage time as the observation factors,with the content of amygdalin,and the content,acid value and peroxide value of fatty oil as the indexes.The content of fatty oil,acid value and peroxide value were measured according to the methods provided by 2005 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The content of amygdalin was measured by HPLC. Results Temperature was the main influencing factor of amygdalin content,then came humidity and storage time. Temperature was also the main influencing factor of the concent and the acid value of fatty oil,and the humidity was the second. For peroxide value,humidity was the main factor,then came temperature and storage time. Conclusion The optimal conditions of storing Semen Armeniacae Amarum as follows:storage in dry place with the temperature of 2～ 8 ℃,and in short storage time.

The relationship between retinal vasculopathy and cerebrovascular disease is receiving increasing attention.Most studies have shown that retinal vasculopathy may reflect cerebrovascular disease,and thus help us to understand cerebrovascular disease more directly.Retinal vasculopathy is closely associated with the onset risk of cerebrovascular disease,outcome and cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for standardized management of national drug standard in China.METHODS:Special inspections about the implementation of national drug standard were performed in pharmaceutical manufacturers of Deyang area.Based on the results of daily inspections,national drug standard was analyzed and discussed comprehensively.RESULTS:National drug standards were too many and diverse so that they influenced standardized management and implementation,which involved several aspects such as legality and seriousness of the management of drug standard,the conformity of relevant policy with drug standard,the standard of raw material and excipients,standardization of management approach for reference sample.CONCLUSION:Rigorous,complete and accurate national drug standards should be formulated,and relevant laws and regulations should be improved.Pharmaceutical enterprises can be urged to establish standardized drug standard file and to organize production and testing in accordance with national drug standard.

Electrical stimulation is a common technology to treat neurogenic bladder dysfunction secondary to supersacral spinal cord injury. This paper reviews the historical development of this treatment and current status.

Objective Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). There are several potential therapies to target EGFR. The detection of EGFR expression is usually performed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) only in the primary tumor. There are a few data regarding the EGFR status in the corresponding distant metastases. The aim of the present study was to correlate EGFR expression in primary tumors and related metastases in order to find out whether EGFR status is different between primary tumors and related metastases. Methods 37 cases (25 male, 12 female) of metastatic colorectal cancer were collected. The site of primary tumor was on colon in 16 patients (43.2%) and on rectum in 21 patients (56.8%). Metastatic sites analyzed were liver in 32 patients (86.5%), inguinal lymph nodes in 5 patients (13.5%). The EGFR status of primary tumors and related metastatic sites were evaluated retrospectively. The expression of EGFR was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining (IHC), EGFR status was defined as positive if the percentage of stained malignant cells was ≥5%, and the expression feature was analyzed. Results EGFR status was positive in 25 primary tumors (67.6%), in which the corresponding metastatic site was negative in 7 cases (28.0%), whereas it was positive in 3 metastases (25.0%) from 12 cases of EGFR-negative primary cancers. The difference between the primary tumors and metastatic lesions had no statistic significance (P=0.23). Conclusion When analyzed by IHC, The difference of EGFR status has no statistic significance between the paired primary tumors and distant metastatic lesions, and 73% of samples show concordant EGFR status.

Objective To study the clinical value of laparoscopic operation in the treatment of interstitial tubal pregnancy. Methods Clinical data of 21 cases of interstitial tubal pregnancy treated by laparoscopic operation were retrospectively studied. Results Operations in all the 21 cases were conducted successfully,without conversions to open surgery and intra- or post- operative complications.The operation time was 25 ～ 90 min (mean,40 min),and the postoperative hospital stay was 3 ～ 6 d (mean,4.5 d). Conclusions Laparoscopic operation for the treatment of interstitial tubal pregnancy is feasible.

Objective To investigate clinical features of alopecia areata such as sex, age, and subjective symptoms, and relationships between these factors and disease severity. Methods Clinical materials of patients who were diagnosed as alopecia areata were collected. The role of sex was analyzed in the disease and the correlation between disease severity and sex, age or psychological factors was analyzed. Results 118 patients including 101 cases of localized alopecia areata (AA), 5 alpecia totalis (AT) and 12 alopecia universalis (AU) were collected. The ratio of male to female was 1.2:1 and there was no correlation between sex and disease severity. The patients were from 1 to 76 years old while average age was 31.3?1.3 years, and that of the female patients was 28.9?1.9 and the male was 33.2?1.8; The median course was 2.5 months, while AA was 2 months, and AT/AU was 18 months; 14.4% patients (17/118), including 11 cases of AA and 6 AT/AU had subjective symptoms; 20.3% patients (24/118) had psychological factors before onset, 60.2% patients (71/118) had difficulties in sleeping, nail changes were found in 15.2% patients (18/118), and ocular symptoms were found in 5.9% patients (7/118), 5.9% patients (7/118) had family history, 3.4% patients (4/118) were accompanied by disease of thyroid gland, 1.7% patients (2/118) were accompanied by vitiligo, TGA and TMA levels elevated abnormally in 4.8% patients (3/62). Conclusion Alopecia areata often affects young to middle-aged people, and there is no correlation between sex and disease severity; Female patients are younger than male; A few patients are induced by psychological factors, and some accompanied by other autoimmune diseases. AT/AU is easier to have subjective symptoms than AA.

Objective To explore the drug resistance diversity of pseufomonsd aeruginosa.Methods We did sensitivity experiments by 23 antibiotic of 1731 pseudomonad aeruginosa identified from clinic during 1997 to 2008,Results In 1 731 pseudomonad aeruginosa,the samples were main from phlegm,accounted for 58.5%.the second from secretion accounted for 24.7%.The drug resistance of pseudomonad aeruginosa for ampicillin、cefazolin and cefuroxime sodium were all higher than 90%,the second were trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 83.2%.The antibacterial medicines of drug resistance higher than 70%were netilmicn(75.2%)、ofloxacin(70.4%)、tetracycline(74.1%)、choramphenicol(72.0%).The antibacterial medicines of drug resistance Iower than 30%were Cefoperazone/Sulbactam、cefepime、imipenem、ceftazidme.In 12 years,the drug resistance diversity had enhanced prevalent trend.The enhanced speed of proportion drug was slow in 2004～2007,but it was fast again in 08 year.Conclusion The pseudomonad aeruginosa have become one of the most clinical routine nosogenetic germs.It showed single and anti muhiresistance of antibioties seriously.In order to improve antibacterial treating effect,we should inspect the drug resistance continuously in our area.We could select rationally antibacterial medicine according to the result of medicine sensitivity experiments.

Objective To investigate the result of RFCA and electrophysiologic characteristics in pediatric PSVT. Methods Electrophysiologic study and RFCA were performed in 25 patients(age