To investigate the effects of the free radical, 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picylhydrazyl, on cochlear blood flow, 20 guinea pigs were divided into 3 groups at random, 6 for control group, 6 for 1 mmol/L group and 8 for 0.1 mmol/L group. 2 microliters vehicle or drugs were dropped into round window membrane (RWM). Cochlear microcirculation was monitored by laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF), and mean arterial blood flow (MABP), which was transferred by pressure conductor sensor and preamplifier, was simultaneously recorded on the computer. Our results showed that MABP was stable throughout the experiment. Cochlear blood flow (CBF) increased by 10.32% (P < 0.05) in 1 mmol/L group, and decreased by 4.89% in 0.1 mmol/L group (P < 0.05). In control group cochlear microcirculation showed no significant changes. It is concluded that DPPH exerted effects on cochlear microcirculation.
Blood Flow Velocity ; Cochlea/*blood supply ; Free Radicals/pharmacology ; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ; Microcirculation/drug effects ; Picrates/*pharmacology ; Random Allocation

Children aerophagia is a relatively rare functional gastrointestinal disease.Its main clinical manifestations are swallowing air,chronic bloating,belching and increased anal exhaust.Since lack of understanding of children aerophagia in pediatricians,it can be very easily missed or misdiagnosed in clinic.Understanding of the research status about children aerophagia means to pediatric clinical guidance.This review summarizes the causes,clinical manifestation,diagnosis and treatment of children aerophagia.

Objective To compare the treatment effects and side events between chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy alone for patients with primary cervical cancer.Methods Totally 197 patients with primary cervical cancer in our hospital from 2000 to 2006 were studied.They were divided into two groups: radiotherapy alone(RT)or cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy(CRT).Group of RT included 100 patients who received external irradiation by ~(60)Co and intracavitary irradiation by ~(192)Ir.Group of CRT included 97 patients who received cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy.The RT regimen was the same as group RT.Results The local control(CR+PR)in two groups had no statistic difference(P=0.500).The total 5 year survival rate in the two groups were 82% and 79%,with no significant difference(P=0.177);however,there was a significant difference for stage Ⅲ squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix,the 5 year survival rate being 56% and 84%,respectively(P

Objective To analyse the key influential factors for research performance of medical colleges and provide evidenes for further research management. Methods A questionnaire suvery was carried out in Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.Through stratified cluster sampling,those who assumed all ranks of projects from 2001 to 2006 in Basic Medical College and some affiliated hospitals were investigated.Two hundred and sixty questionnaires were sent out and 211(81.2%) were reclaimed.Delphi and comprehensive analysis were used to measure the research performance,and multi-Logistic regression was employed to analyze the influential factors for research performance.Results The key influential factors for research performance included research team,research investment,age of researchers,international exchanges and communications,and extra working hours for research.Conclusion To improve the research performance of medical colleges,it is most important to strengthen research team development,expand research investment,promote acedemic exchanges and communications,and initiate dedicated spirit for research work.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

Trust financing is a new financial instrument on the market at present.Combined with the new health reform and macroeconomic background,the paper firstly summarized the basic theory of public hospitals'trust financing,discussed the feasibility of public hospitals'trust financing,then put forward some policy suggestions for how to perfect trust financing for public hospitals from improving external environment,increasing government support,optimizing of hospital risk mitigation mechanism and income security mechanism,regulating hospital project information disclosure,training professional talents on the basis of analysis of three models of public hospitals' trust financing.

AlM: To compare the effects of external approach microsurgery and conventional external approach surgery for retinal detachment ( RD) .METHODS: From January 2010 to January 2013, 60 patients (60 eyes) in our hospital were randomly divided into experimental group (29 cases, 29 eyes) and control group ( 31 cases, 31 eyes ) , the external approach microsurgery and conventional external approach surgery were performed respectively ( by the same skilled doctor ) . Retinal reattachment rate, visual acuity improvement rate and operative time were compared between two groups.RESULTS:lt cost shorter time for the external approach microsurgery than that of conventional external approach surgery ( P = 0. 0087 ). The once successful retinal reattachment rate in experimental group was 93% ( 27 cases ) , which was higher than that in control group (90%, 28 cases), there was no statistical difference. The vision improvement rate in control group was 86% ( 25 cases ) , compare to 90% ( 28 cases ) in experimental group, there was no statistical differences. CONCLUSlON: No statistical differences showed in visual acuity improvement and the once retinal reattachment rate between the two groups for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. However, it is believed that external approach microsurgery could be faster, easier to learn with satisfactory effect.

Objective To investigate the role of externally regulated kinase (ERK) in a rat model of levodopa-induced motor complications. Methods The hemi-parkinsonian rat model was produced by injecting stereotaxically 6-OHDA to right medial forebrain bundle(MFB). First, rats were intraperitoneally treated with levodopa (50 mg/kg with benserazide 12.5 mg/kg, twice daily) for 22 days. On day 23, rats were treated with ERK inhibitor, PD98059 before levodopa administration. Rotational duration and peak rotation were estimated. After sacrificed, ERK1/2 phosphorylation was observed by Western blot. Results Our study showed that chronic treatment of lesioned rats with levodopa markedly upregulated the ERK1/2 phosphorylation of in lesioned striatum(155.6%±6.5%). PD98059 could reduce hyperphosphorylation of ERK1/2(85.4%±5.6%). Meanwhile, PD98059 reversed both the shortened rotational duration and increased peak rotation induced by chronic levodopa treatment. Moreover, PKC inhibitor could partly downregulated the ERK1/2 phosphorylation(101.2%±6.2%, compared with levodopa+vehide, t=3.2, P<0.05). Conclusions These results indicated that the development of motor complications could be associated with activation of ERK pathway. And more, activation of ERK was partly dependent on PKC. Pharmaceuticals which act to inhibit ERK pathway may be useful in the treatment of parkinsonism related motor complications.

Objective To evaluate the safety, efficacy and morbidity of transurethral electrovaporization of superficial bladder tumor (TVBt). Methods TVBt was performed in seventy-three pat iens (mean age 66 years) with superficial bladder carcinoma,twelve of them trans urethral electrovaporization of the prostate (TVP) was carried out simultaneousl y for concomitant BPH. Results The tumor was resected in one-stage for 72 cases,in two-stage for multiple tumors in one patient. The mean operative time was 29 minutes in simple TVBt group, and 78 minutes in the group performing both TVBt and TVP. Intraoperative bladde r perforation occurred in 1 case, No patient need blood transfusion for bleeding . The mean duration of an indwelling urethral catheter was 46h. All patients wer e followed up for twenty-four months, and the recurrence rate was 21% within t wo years after the operation. Conclusions TVBt is a simp le, effective and safe surgery for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer.

To investigate the current condition of cognitive misunderstandings of English learning among students with traditional Chinese medicine majors, in order to put forward strategies for English learning in TCM universities.The investigation was carried out by the method of questionnaires among the students with TCM majors. Another investigation was carried out by interviews with TCM students, English teachers and experts, TCM teachers and experts. Cognitive misunderstandings of English learning among students with TCM majors occurred, such as low participation of English extracurricular learning, wrong learning motivation, weak awareness of self-learning and international exchange and communication. There were 3 ways for solving cognitive misunderstandings, including that students could improve the correct learning attitude and self-learning awareness and practice, that English and TCM teachers and experts could give students some advice of career development and TCM internationalization, and that TCM universities could reinforce English and bilingual teacher team construction, improve educational environment.