Background and Objectives: The use of conventional microscopy still forms the basis for the morphologic evaluation of erythrocytes despite widespread use of automated tests in the hematology laboratory. This requires a considerable length of time and expertise, and have the potential of becoming a source of errors and delay in reporting. Advances in image processing and machine learning in recent years have shown acceptable performance characteristics and have promising applications in the diagnostic laboratory. Use of these newly-developed technologies can address the stated problems and provide an alternative approach in the microscopic analysis of erythrocytes. Methodology: This prospective validation study compared digital image analysis using a machine-learning based image recognition algorithm with conventional microscopy performed by a trained microscopist, which served as the reference standard. Random deidentified anticoagulated peripheral blood samples submitted to the hematology laboratory were assessed. Results: A total of 956 erythrocytes were evaluated after image processing using support vector machine and routine microscopy as classifiers of erythrocytes into three categories: size, central pallor, and shape. The tested software was able to achieve a strong level of agreement compared to conventional microscopy, having kappa values ranging from 0.81 to 0.86. Accuracy for size, central pallor and shape were 89.88%, 93.72% and 87.89%, respectively. Conclusion: The validated image recognition software is an acceptable diagnostic test in determining erythrocyte morphology in peripheral blood smears. Its integration can potentially minimize hands-on time and improve the diagnostic laboratory workflow. Registration Philippine Health Research Registry (PHRR) ID: PHRR191211-002348; University of the Philippines Manila Research Ethics Board (UPMREB): 2019-356-01.
Microscopy

No abstract available.
Microscopy, Confocal

PURPOSE: To compare central corneal thickness (CCT) as measured using noncontact specular microscopy (NCSM), dual rotating Scheimpflug camera (Galilei(R)), and ultrasound pachymetry (USP). METHODS: The measurements of CCT using NCSM, dual rotating Scheimpflug camera and USP in 70 eyes of 70 healthy subjects were compared. RESULTS: The average measurements of CCT using NCSM, dual rotating Scheimpflug camera, and USP were 567.70 +/- 31.21 microm, 557.84 +/- 26.29 microm, and 553.31 +/- 29.69 microm, respectively. The CCT measurement using NCSM was statistically significantly thicker than when measured using USP (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the NCSM and dual rotating Scheimpflug camera (p = 0.138). Additionally, there was no significant difference between the dual rotating Scheimpflug camera and USP (p = 0.656). A significant linear correlation was observed among the NCSM, dual rotating Scheimpflug camera, and USP (r > 0.900, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the 3 methods were significantly correlated but the measurement using NCSM was significantly thicker than when using USP. CCT measurements of healthy eyes using dual rotating Scheimpflug camera were more correlated with USP than NCSM. The CCT measurements using dual rotating Scheimpflug camera is a better alternative for USP than NCSM.
Microscopy* ; Ultrasonography*

Objective: To measure the ciliary sulcus diameters (CSD) in phakic eyes of adult Filipinos using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study involving Filipino patients recruited from the Outpatient Department of Makati Medical Center, Philippines from September 2006 to December 2006. Vertical and horizontal CSDs in phakic eyes were measured using a UBM Scan 1000 (Ophthalmic Technologies Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada). Three repeated measurements of each meridian were taken and averaged. The average CSD for each eye was computed as the average of the horizontal and vertical CSDs. Student’s t-test was used to analyze data. Results: Seventy-one (71) patients (142 eyes) were included in the study. Mean CSD measurements were as follows: horizontal CSD = 9.76 ± 0.42 mm; vertical CSD = 10.00 ± 0.48 mm; average CSD = 9.88 ± 0.47 mm. There was a significant difference between the means of the vertical and horizontal CSD measurements (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the mean CSD measurements of the right and left eyes (P= 0.50). Conclusions In this cohort of adult Filipino patients, the UBM-measured vertical CSD is significantly greater than the horizontal CSD. Establishment of CSD measurements of adult Filipino eyes may be helpful in selecting appropriately-sized intraocular lenses for ciliary sulcus implantation.
Microscopy, Acoustic

The section of Annulata under genus Hypoxylon is a member of the Xylariaceae which has ascomata with ostioles papillate ill a flattened disc. The isolates of Hypoxylon collected from the Tropic to the Temperate are compared with similar taxa and described. These isolations under Annulata section are illustrated with a light microscopy and a scanning electron microscopy. Hypoxylon archeri is newly recorded from Korea. A key to the species is also included.
Fungi* ; Korea ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Wood*

No abstract available.
Hair* ; Microscopy, Electron

In the study, indirect immunogold labelling technique was used after embedding on verocells infected by measle virus and on PMK cells infected by rotavirus. According to black particles in immuno-electronic microscopic figure, rotavirus in PMK cells was localized and the formation of measle virus in vero cell was realized. 34. Trần Thanh Dương, Nguyễn Thu Vân, Hoàng Thủy Long: Molecula epidemiology of C hepatitis in hepatitis patients in Hanoi city. Vn J Pract Med 2004; 472(2):17-22:(CIMSI) Epidemiology; Hepatitis C; Fibrosis; Epidemiology, Molecular 323 patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis (244 males, 89 females admitted into the clinical Institute of Tropical diseases from Jan 2001 to August 2002 were studied on. Result showed that: in Hanoi, hepatitis patients were infected with C hepatitis virus of the types 1a, 1b, 6a. The incidence of various HCV genes was not different in deverse age groups, places, occupations, marital status of the patients, but the differences were noted according to the gender, the education level, the history of drug use and blood transfusion.
Antigens ; Cells ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron

Surveillance carried out in the years 2002-2003 on malaria control microscope technician team at district hospitals and at microscope using sites of communal and intercommunal health stations in QuangBinh had reported that in the year 2003, 74 sites for microscope use were established in various malarial endemic regions. The rate of microscope using sites in communal stations and intercommunal polyclinics was the most. Errors rate which occurred generally at communal and intercommunal level was higher than at district level. For technicians, 62% had got good skills,28,9% rather good, 7,2% moderate and 1,5% bad in detecting the parasite, among them some had not good skill of maintaining microscope
Malaria ; Microscopy ; Therapeutics ;

During the year 2003 and four months of 2004, 5223 blood slides were collected from Ea Sup district and examined for malaria parasite in 343 positive slides, of which 2.089 negatives and 120 positives were sent from the district microscope points for double checking at the Provincial Malaria Center. The incorrectness at district level was found to be 3,11% with the following common mistakes: P.falciparum infection was mistaken to negative: 27.69%, negatives and P.vivax infection mistaken to P.falciparum infection: 24.41%. P.vivax infection mistaken to negative 13.38%. The incorrectness rates varied from point to point showing the different qualification at each microscope point: Ya Tmot: 2.51%; Ea Roc: 1.57%; Ea Le: 2.58%, Cu Kbang: 6.15%, Cu Mlan: 5.81% and Ya Lop: 3.09%
Microscopy ; diagnosis ; blood ; malaria ;

Immunoelectronmicroscopic examination was applied largely in the diagnosis of microbioorganism. The technique of indirect immunogolden labelling was used after embedding on vero cell infected with measle virus and on TVP cell infected with rotavirus SA11. By black particles in immunoelectromicroscopic figure, the localization of rotavirus in TVP cell was determinated and the formation of measle virus in vero cell was identified.
Antigens ; cells ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron