Objective To discuss how to properly fuse Anesthesia Information Management System(AIMS)and original Clinical Information System in a hospital.Methods 3key problems in AIMS are discussed i.e.data acquisition,anesthesia fee and offline run.Results AIMS expanded and enhanced the system's utility and adaptability,which was helpful to other clinical information system as a reference.Conclusion Developed and expanded from the original system,AIMS in anesthesia department is fully utilized in daily medical treatment,teaching,scientific research and management.

Objective To investigate the effects of propofol on the spontanous rhythmical respiratory discharges (SRRDs) in the isolated medulla spinal cord preparation of newborn rats and its possible mechanism Methods Newborn SD rats (0 3 days) of either sex were used Isolated medulla spinal cord preparation was made according to the method of Suzue, et al Brain stem was severed between medulla and pons and spinal cord was severed between cervical and thoracic segments Efforts were made to keep the ventral root of the cervical spinal nerves of possible, while the medulla spinal cord preparation was being removed The medulla spinal cord preparation was placed with the ventral side facing up in the bath continuously perfused with modified Krebs solution (MKS)(3 4ml/min,T=27℃, pH=7 3 7 4, 95% O 2 5% CO 2) glass adsorb electrodes containing Ag AgCl needle were attached to the rentral root of C 4 or C 5 spinal nerve SRRD were recorded, Forty eitht isolated medulla spinal cord preparations were divided into 7 groups: groupⅠ: control group in which preparation was perfused with MKS only; groupⅡ Ⅳ: propofol groups in which preparation was perfused continuously for 3 min with different concentrations of propofol (5, 20, 50, 100, 250 ?mol/L); group Ⅶ: bicuculine propofol group in which preparation was continuously perfuse for 3min with a specific GABAA receptor blocker, bicuculine (20?mol/L) followed by perfusion of propofol(20?mol/L) for another 3 min SRRDs were recorded before and 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30 min after propofol or bicuculine propofol perfusion Results 1) In control group, there was no significant change in SRRDs at the designated time internals 2) In group Ⅱ Ⅵ after propofol perfusion, the bursts of SRRDs were inhibited in a concentration dependent manner, but at 1 3 min SRRD showed a temporary excitation (frequency increased and expiratory time became shorter), at 5 min frequency began to slow down and expiratory time became prolonged, at 15 min in 7 out of preparations were stopped in group Ⅵ (propofol 250 ?mol/L) Inspiratory time did not change significantly after propofol in all propofol groups, but integral area of discharge (IAD) of SRRD showed some enlargement until SRRDs stopped 3) with bicuculine(20 ?mol/L) pretreatment, SRRDs did not change significantly after perfusion with propofol (20 ?mol/L) Conclusions Propofol inhibits SRRDs in a conecntration dependent manner as shown by prolongation of expiratory time GABAA receptor may play an important role in inhibitory action of propofol on the isolated medulla spinal cord preparation from newborn rats

0.05), but there were significant differences in the mean induction time(697 and 313 s, P

0.05) . Bronchoscopic examination showed that bronchi in irrigated area were filled with BAF to different degree. In group S LDH and ALP activities in BAF were persistently increased after irrigation. LDH and ALP activities in BAF and blood LDH activity were significantly higher in group S than those in group F ( P

Objective To investigate the effect of target-controlled infusion(TCI) of propofol on global and regional eerobral glueose metabolism in humans studied with positron emission tomography(PET).Methods Five healthy right-handed male volunteers aged 22-30yrs, weighing 58-72 kg underwent PET sean to assess glucose metabolism when they were awake and unconseions. The interval between the two PET seans was longer than 1 week. The unconseious state was induced by TCI of propofol. The initial effeet-site concentration(ESC) of propofol was set at 2.5?g?ml~(-1) and was modulated in ?0.2?g?ml~(-1) increments until OAA/S score roached 1(no response to prodding). Then the ESC was maintained during PET scanning. The dynamic scans were performed at 0-4.5 min(T_1), 4.5-9.5 min(T_2), 9.5-29.5 min(T_3), 29.5-44.5 min(T_4), 44.5-59.5min(T_5) and 59.5-74.5 min(T_6) after the end of FDG 10 mci injection. After the data were reconstructed we used the stereotactic method to select the following regions of interest(ROI): the whole brain, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, putamen, caudate nucleus, thalamus and cerebellum ets. The ROI data were then transformed into standard uptake value(SUV). The difference and percentage decrease in SUV of the different ROI between eonscious and unconscious state at different intervals were compared. Results The SUVs of the whole brain and all ROIs were significantly decreased in unconscious state during T_(3-6) compared with those in conscious state. In unconscious state at T_6 the percentage decrease in SUV of different ROIs was different-42.38% (occipital lobe), 35.52%(frontal lobe) and 21.40%(putamen). The percentage decrease in SUV of thalamus was similar to that of occipital lobe, temporal lobe and parietal lobe but higher than that of frontal lobe. The sequence of SUVs of cortex and subcortioal centers in conscious state during T_(4-6) and in unconscious state during T_(3-5) were the same: temporal lobe

Objective To validate and compare the two spinal microdialysis techniques: a linear tissue probe (LM-3) in the spinal dorsal horn and a loop probe in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in determining peripheral nociceptive stimulation-evoked glutamate (Glu) release in the spinal cord of freely moving rats. Methods Twenty-eight adult male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into two groups: in group A a LM-3 probe was implanted into the spinal dorsal horn and in group B a loop probe was placed in the CSF. Twenty-four hours after the implantation of the probe, microdialysis was initiated with perfusion of modified Ringer' s solution at a low flow rate of 5 ?l?min-1 . Following an 1 h equilibration phase the baseline Glu concentrations were measured every 10 min for 1 h. Thereafter 50 ?lof 5% formalin was injected into one hindpaw of the rats and samples were collected every 10 min for 90 min. Furthermore 8 rats in group A were further divided into 2 subgroups to investigate the effects of the flow rate of microdialysis and composition of perfusate on the baseline Glu release.Results The baseline levels of Glu were (0.82?0.09) ?mol?L-1 with LM-3 probe and (5.96?0.22) ?mol?L-1 with the loop probe. In group A (LM-3 probe) when the flow rate of the modified Ringer's solution was decreased from 5 to 2 ?l?min-1 the extracellular Glu concentrations were increased to 223%?7% of the baseline (n = 4) , whereas perfusion with artificial CSF reduced Glu concentrations to 62% ?10% of the baseline (n = 4) . Injection of formalin into the hindpaw induced a short-lasting but significant increase in Glu concentration with a similar profile and time course using either of the two microdialysis approaches. Conclusion Microdialysis in the dorsal horn or in the CSF are both effective techniques to assess Glu release in the spinal cord of rats. Peripheral nociceptive input induces a short-lasting increase in Glu release with a similar profile and time course using either of the two microdialysis approaches. The microdialysis of the dorsal horn provides a useful tool to precisely locatewhere the release of the neurotransmitter occurs, whereas the loop probe in CSF is more reproducible for simultaneous investigation of drug effects.

Objective To observe the effects of propofol on the cytokine release from human monocytic cell line (THP1) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods THP1 cells cultured in vitro, and they were divided into 3 groups: 0 ?g/ml LPS group, 1 ?g/ml LPS group and 1?g/ml LPS+50?mol/L propofol group, respectively, and incubated for 12 hours. Then the supernatant was collected from each culture for the determination of the levels of granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon-? (IFN-?), tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and interleukin (IL)-1?, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12 by using LiquiChip system. Propol was added to the culture fluid of THP1 cells in the final concentrations of 0, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100?mol/L (for the groups B, C, D, E and F, respectively), with 1?g/ml LPS. 12 hours later the supernatants were collected to detect the levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-?. Culture fluid without LPS and propofol (group A) was used as control. Results The levels of IL-1?, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-? were elevated obviously in group L than that in control group (P0.05). In group L+P, levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-? were significantly lower than that in group L (P

Objective To evaluate the effects of pulmonary static inflation with different pressures on postoperative lung function in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Sixty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients,aged 26-70 yr,weighing 47-78 kg,undergoing elective cardiac valve replacement with CPB,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =30 each):pulmonary static inflation with 5 cm H2O group (group L) and with 10 cm H2O group (group H).In L and H groups,pulmonary static inflation was performed with the pressure maintained at 5 and 10 cm H2O,respectively,after stopping mechanical ventilation during CPB.Arterial blood samples were taken before skin incision and at 1,3 and 6 h after termination of CPB for blood gas analysis.The alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (D(A-a)O2),respiratory index (RI) and oxy.genation index (OI) were calculated.The indwelling time of endotracheal tube after operation and duration of ICU stay were recorded.Results Compared with group L,D(A-a)O2 and RI were significantly decreased and OI was increased at 1,3 and 6 h after termination of CPB,the incidence of OI less than 300 mm Hg was decreased (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the indwelling time of endotracheal tube after operation and duration of ICU stay in H group (P ＞ 0.05).Collusion Pulmonary static inflation with 10 cm H2O can better improve postoperative pulmonary diffusion function than with 5 cm H2O in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB.

Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines caused by tourniquet-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury at limbs.Methods Eighty patients who had been scheduled for lower limb operation with tourniquet were assigned equally by sequence number to use or not use DEX (DEX or control group,n =40).Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was performed in both groups.In the DEX group,DEX intravenous infusion was started immediately after the femoral vein cannulated at a dose of 1 μg/kg for 10 minutes,followed by 0.5 μg/kg · h until the end of operation,whereas the control group received an equivalent volume of 0.9％ saline.At 10 min before tourniquet inflation (T1),10 min (T2),30 min (T3) and 60 min (T4) after tourniquet release,femoral venous blood samples were obtained to measure heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),saturation of pulse oximetry (SPO2),serum malondialdehyde (MDA),serum superoxide dismutase (SOD),serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in both groups.Results There were no significant differences in HR,MAP or SPO2 at all time points between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences in HR,MAP or SPO2 at all time points within either group (P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences in serum MDA,SOD,TNF-α and IL-8 levels at T1 between the 2 groups (P＞ 0.05).The serum MDA,TNF-α and IL-8 levels were significantly lower and the serum SOD level significantly higher in the DEX group than in the control group at T2,T3 and T4,respectively (P ＜0.05).In both groups,the serum MDA,TNF-α and IL-8 levels were significantly higher and the serum SOD level significantly lower at T2,T3 and T4 than at T1,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce the oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine level which are caused by tourniquet-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To study the rate and time-course of the cerebral uptake of propofol during the intravenous continued infusion at a constant rate.Methods Fourteen adult patients were randomly assigned to receive a propofol infusion at a constant of 6 mg?kg -1?h -1(group A) or 12 mg?kg -1?h -1 (group B) for 30-35 min. Blood samples were taken simultaneously from radial artery and jugular venous bulb for measurement of propofol concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography.Results The arterial propofol concentrations(C a) increased progressively during the first 15min after the start of propofol infusion and became stable 15min later.Jugular bulb venous blood propofol concentrations(C ijbv) were increased progressively during the first 30min after the start of propofol infusion in group A and the first 20min in group B, but they were lower than C a at the corresponding interval. 30min after the start of propofol infusion in group A and 20min in group B C ijbv became stable and close to C a. There was significant difference in the accumulated area between the arterial and jugular bulb venous concentration-time curves at the different interval between the two groups before the equilibrium of cerebral uptake was achieved.Conclusions Cerebral propofol uptake is rate- and time-dependent when administered at a constant infusion rate, and there is a hysteresis between the arterial blood concentration and equilibrium of cerebral uptake. Propofol is not metabolized in human brain.