As the effects of the nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase have been investigated a lot,the nitric oxide synthase inhibitors were widely explored and become one of the highlights in the cerebral ischemia research.This paper reviewed the effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors especially the nNOS inhibitors and iNOS inhibitors on the cerebral ischemia damage.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of Distal-Jet appliance on the distalization of maxillary molar.Methods:12 Class Ⅱ malocclusion patients(at the average age of 12.3 years) with mesially moved maxillary molar were treated by Distal-Jet appliance. Cephalometic radiographs and dental models were taken and analyzed before and after molar distalization.Results:The treatment time was (4.3?2.8) months. After treatment following effects were achieved:①The maxillary molar was distalized by (3.6?0.75) mm per side with crown tilting distally by ( 3.5 ?3)?. ②The first premolar was moved mesially by (2.1?1.7) mm (tilting movement). Anterior overjet was increased by (1.47?1.76) mm. ③In the vertical dimension,the maxillary molar was extruded slightly by (0.39? 0.46 ) mm, the first premolar was extruded by (0.43?0.61) mm. ④The width between the central point of first maxillary molar was increased by ( 2.8 ?1.1) mm.Conclusions:The Distal-Jet appliance can distalize maxillary molars effectively. However,it may result in distaly tilting of molars and mesial movement of premolars.

Objective To summarize the experience of humane care on our voluntary blood donors.Methods From March 1,2017 to March 31,2017,281 blood donors were enrolled,called the intervened group,from the fixed blood donation street-spot to investigate their satisfaction and their willingness to donate blood again or not.Meanwhile,168 donors who were not intervened were also observed,called the control group.Results In the intervention group,182 were former blood donors,and 64.5％ of the respondents believed that the staff was more trustworthy than before.And 78.2％ of the respondents expressed that the communication ability with blood donors was better than before.The incidence of adverse effect of blood donation in the 281 donors was only 0.71％,and all of them were willing to donate again,which was better than the control group.Conclusion Humanistic care during voluntary blood donation is beneficial to improve the quality of service,the satisfaction of blood donation,and help retaining the blood donors.

Objective:To investigate the differences of gene expression and signal transduction pathways in large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels(BKCa) gene knockout rats and analyze the role of BKCa gene in pancreas.Methods:Three adult female BKCa knockout SD rats (BKCa knockout group) were donated by Professor Wang Wei from Department of Pathology and Physiology of Basic Medical College of Capital Medical University, and three wild type adult femal SD rats were used as wide-type group. The whole pancreas was resected and RNA was extracted. RNA transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) technology was used for sequencing and DESeq2 differentiation analysis software was used for screening differentially expressed genes between two groups, and the gene ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed. The key genes were validated by RT-PCR.Results:18 258 genes were detected by sequencing in the 2 groups. There were statistically significant differences in the expression of 348 genes screened by DESeq2, 200 of which were highly expressed in the pancreas of BKCa knockout group, and 148 of which were low-expressed. 214 differentially expressed genes enrichments were found in GO database, including 25 involved in biological process, 18 in cell components and 14 molecular functions. All 348 differentially expressed genes were found in KEGG database, 15 of which were significantly enriched in PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. RT-PCR results showed that the expression of key genes Hsp90ab1, Hsp90aa1, Foxo3a and Col1a2 in the BKCa knockout group was significantly higher than that in wide type group ( P<0.0001), while Thbs1, Pik3r1 and Ppp genes were not significantly different. Conclusions:Differentially expressed genes and related important regulatory signaling pathways were screened out between BKCa knockout SD rats and wild-type SD rats at the transcriptional level, and PI3K/Akt pathway was found to be the most enriched, providing an important clue for predicting the function of BKCa in the pancreas.

Objective Through the two D-dimer content detection of the fracture patients and healthy con-trols,and analyze the difference between them ,to explore the correlation between fractures were detected two D-dimer and the importance and the patient′s condition.Methods 306 of fracture patients were collected for determination of D-dimer content were detected at the same time ,100 healthy people as control two D-dimer content;analysis of the correlation between the fracture in 306 cases patients with D-dimer content .Results The plasma D-dimer level of pa-tients with two fracture(10.7 ±2.6)mg/L,which was significantly higher than that of healthy subjects (0.3 ±0.1) mg/L(t=11.07,P<0.01);The fracture number,fracture patients plasma D-dimer detection results content is high-er,the more serious condition .Conclusion The plasma D-dimer level was significantly higher in patients with two fractures,coagulation Stata ,fibrinolytic enhancement ,easily lead to venous thrombosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with more complications such as fracture;fracture,the higher the content of plasma D-dimer, patients with more serious ,there is correlation .

Objective To investigate the differences in the attitudes toward physician-nurse collaboration among undergraduate nurses and physicians,and provide evidence for creating good physiciannurse atmosphere of cooperation.Methods The Jefferson Scale of Attitudes toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration (JSAPNC) was administered to 96 undergraduate nurses and 52 physicians in admitting department.Results The participants' score of JSAPNC were relatively high,especially on the items Caring as opposed to curing and Nurse autonomy.The score of undergraduate nurses was lower than physicians on the item there are a lot of overlap responsibilities between nurses and physicians ;the score of undergraduate nurses was higher than physicians on the item physician authority.Conclusions Undergraduate nurses and physicians have a positive attitude toward physician-nurse collaboration.Nurses believe that some of their duties are common during their work,but the communication was not ideal.The overall health care rounds should include physicians and nurses,which can increase the communication,strengthen the spirit of collaboration and create good physician-nurse atmosphere.

Esthesioneuroblastoma is one of the most uncommon nasal malignancies which is characterized by low incidence and high misdiagnosis rate.The only prognosis factor is the metastasis on lymph node of neck.Its clinical symptoms are associated with tumor infiltrating extent.Pathological diagnosis is the “gold standard” on esthesioneuroblastoma,and the Kadish staging based on the image is the most important staging standard.The traditional operation therapy mode has been replaced by the combined method of operation and radiotherapy,with the adjunctive therapy of chemotherapy.

The present article aimed at importance of self-efficacy assessment in behavioral change ,self-management capaci-ty ,empowerment capacity and active response in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) ,introduced research progress of dia-betes self-efficacy assessment scale in China and overseas ,and influencing factors affecting self-efficacy of DM patients , such as baseline data ,well-awareness of blood glucose control ,method and content of health education and social support etc .,in order to promote research and development of Chinese self-efficacy assessment tool .

Objective To explore the relationship among boredom proneness,core self-evaluation and aggression in medical students and to provide clues and evidence for preventing aggression and their relevant interventions.Methods The Boredom Proneness Scale for College Students(C-BPQ),Chinese Version of Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ-CV)and Core Self-evaluations Scale were employed to investigate 1667 medical students in one medical university in Ningxia.Results There were significant differences between high and low boredom proneness groups in core self-evaluations,total aggression score and each factors (core self-evaluations:(29.67±5.10) vs (41.67±4.64),AQ-CV scores:(36.43±17.18) vs (17.58±12.45),physical aggression:(31.62 ±20.46) vs (17.02 ±15.28),verbal aggression:(37.44±19.03) vs (24.68±17.14),anger:(40.93±22.32) vs (18.85±16.86),hostility:(37.34± 19.41) vs (14.86± 13.57),self-aggression:(35.47 ±21.66) vs (13.57± 14.28),all P＜0.001).There were positive correlation among total score of boredom proneness,internal and external stimuli dimensions,total score of AQ-CV and each factors (P＜0.001) and negative correlation between total score of boredom proneness and core self-evaluation(P＜0.001).There were negative correlation among core self-evaluation score,AQ-CV scores and each factor(P＜0.001).Regression analysis showed that boredom proneness and core self-evaluation could predict the aggression to a certain extent (P＜0.01).Core self-evaluation played a mediating role between boredom proneness and aggression taking 48.25％ proportion of the total effect of the mediation.Conclusion Boredom proneness is closely related to aggressive behavior.Core self-evaluation plays a mediating role between boredom proneness and aggression.

Objective To explore the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on neuron specific-enolase (NSE),neurotrophic protein S100B and neurons apoptosis in hippocampus CA1 region in the early stage of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in rabbits. Methods Twenty-five Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:sham group (S group),cardiac arrest group (CA group) and H2S treatment group (H2S group). Rabbits were anaesthetized with 5％ halothane,trachea was exposed and intuhated,right femoral vein was cannulated for medical agent administration,and right carotid artery was cannulated for monitoring of blood pressure and blood samples taken. Cardiac arrest was produced by suffocation with clamping the endotracheal tube and turning off mechanical ventilation.Mter 8 min of the endotracheal tube clamping, rabbits received CPR. After the restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC),rabbits in groups CA and H2S inhaled 30％ O2 or 30％ O2 containing 80 × 10-6 H2S,respectively.Blood samples were taken before,and 30 min and 60 min after ROSC for detection of the concentrations of NSE and S100B in the plasma. As 60 min after ROSC,rabbits were decapitated after perfusion with 500 ml phosphate-buffered saline and followed by 4％ paraformaldehyde 500 ml through aortic artery,and then the hippocampus was removed rapidly and fixed in 4％ paraformaldehyde for the histological examination.All values were expressed in mean ± standard deviation ((x) ± s).Comparisons were carried out among different groups with SNK-q test of one-way analysis of variance ( One-Way ANOVA plus SNK).Results In comparison with group S,the concentrations of NSE and S100B were significantly increased 30 min and 60 min after ROSC (P ＜ O.05),the viable neurons were decreased and cleaved caspase-3 positive neurons in hippocampus CA1 region increased 60 min after ROSC in groups CA and H2S (P ＜0.05).In comparison with group CA,the concentration of S1OOB decreased 60 min after ROSC (P ＜ 0.05) ; the viable neurons were increased while cleaved caspase-3 positive neurons in hippocampus CA1 region decreased 60 min after ROSC in group H2S ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions H2S can inhibit the neurons apoptosis in hippocampus CA1 region,increase the viable neurons,decrease the concentration of S100B in the plasma,and then attenuate the cerebral injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rabbits.