Metabolic syndrome, whose incidence is higher than that we have thought, has done great harm to people's health. This review is to introduce the recent advance in the defination,epidemiology,etiology,major risk factors,clinical diagnosis and treatment, etc . of metabolic syndrome.

The sub-health status is closely related to the functions and activities of heart in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The sub-health is commonly presented with a series of heart system symptoms such as palpitation, chest distress, shortness of breath, fatigue, fidgets and insomnia. It may also be accompanied with arrhythmia or blood pressure value between normal and high level. This heart system sub-health status can be transformed into re-lated heart system diseases with high possibility. This article made a review from aspects of theoretical literature, an-imal experiment, curative effect observation and clinical evaluation on the research progress of heart system sub-health status.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that alprostadil can inhibit platelet aggregation, relax vascular smooth muscle, diastole peripheral blood vessels and thereby improving peripheral circulation. OBJECTIVE:To further verify whether alprostadil can promote the early recovery of renal function of renal transplantation recipients. METHODS:Total y 125 patients in the alprostadil group received intravenous infusion of 20μg alprostadil daily, and then compared with the 115 patients in the unused alprostadil group in the same time. The urine volume, serum creatinine and the creatinine clearance were compared between two groups;blood flow resistance-indexes, as wel as the incidences of delay recovery of renal function and acute rejection were detected under color doppler ultrasound. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The urine volume and creatinine clearance in the alprostadil group were significantly higher than those in the unused alprostadil group;while the serum creatinine and the blood flow resistance-indexes were lower than the unused alprostadil group. The incidence of delay recovery of renal function in the alprostadil group was 7.2%which was significantly lower than that in the unused alprostadil group (P<0.01);there was no significant difference in the incidence of acute rejection between two groups. The findings suggest that the administration of alprostadil in renal transplantation recipients during the early stage of kidney transplantation can accelerate the recovery of the renal function and can promote the early rehabilitation after renal transplantation.

Primenopausal period syndrome is a kind of usual disease,and people's views differ in disease location,pathogenesis and treatment.We approach the disease from theory to expound that its disease location is Chong Channel and Ren Channel.We find that the imbalance of yin-yang,because of the deficiency in Chong Channnel and Ren Channel,is the source.We apply Chong Channel and Ren Channel,and we also harmonize yin-yang to cure the disease.

Objective To investigate the passive smoking prevalence and its influencing factors among residents aged 15 and ol-der in Chongqing City ,and provide the evidence for the government to make tobacco control policy or improve the present tobacco control policy ,reduce the harm of secondhand smoke .Methods 753 non-smoker residents was investigated by using the multi-stage random sampling .Results The passive smoking rate of residents aged 15 and older in Chongqing city is 45 .95% ,among which ,the male′s is 43 .13% ,the female′s is 47 .45% ,there is no significant difference between gender distribution .There is a significant difference among different age groups(P<0 .05) ,the passive smoking rate of people aged 25 to 34 is the highest(55 .17% ) .There is a significant difference among different occupational groups (P<0 .05) ,the passive smoking rate of the people who engaged in commercial service is the highest(58 .01% ) .There is no significant difference among education level groups .About the non-smok-ers′attitudes to others smoking around ,the higher education level people have ,the more they will care about this ,the number of fe-male(87 .98% ) is significantly higher than male(70 .99% ) .Conclusion The harm of secondhand smoke to the residents aged 15 and older in Chongqing City is high ,so strengthening legislation and law enforcement is necessary to prevent the public exposure to secondhand smoke and reduce passive smoking level .

Objective:To learn the effect of personality in the course of cognitive decline.Methods:106 aged people from two districts were selected randomly.Arithmetic,digit span,picture filling,block patterns,digit symbol,visual attention span,spatial reasoning were used to learn the cognitive ability,“Kartaier's 16 personality factors test”were used to explore the personality of aged people.Results:16 personality factors test shows that old people are more deferential and self-assured.The relation between reasoning and arithmetic,rule-consciousness and arithmetic,abstractedness and digit span,reasoning and block design,dominance and digit symbol,sensitivity and special reasoning,apprehension and visual attention span,openness to change and visual attention span reach the statistical significance.Conclusion:Age is the most important reason to the cognitive impairment in aged people, education can prevent the cognitive impairment in a large degree.Personality can affect the cognitive ability although different personality factor affect different cognitive fields.

Objective To analyze the diagnosis and treatment of iliac pseudoaneurysms following renal transplantation.Method The data of two patients with pseudoaneurysm who underwent kidney transplantation were retrospective analysied.Result One case with pseudoaneurysm received transplant nephrectomy,and pathological examination diagnosed mucoraceae infection; the other patient received endovascular treatment and amphotericin B therapy,endly died of hemorrhagic shock.Conclusion The development of pseudoaneurysms at the kidney transplantation recipients with the same donor results in high rates of mucormycosis.They should take anti-fungus therapy and operation as early as possible.

Objective To observe the effect of hybrid renal replacement therapy (sustained lowefficiency hemodiafiltration) in recipients with delayed graft function (DGF) after kidney transplantation.Methods In 33 kidney transplant patients with DGF,there were 15 cases subject to sustained low-efficiency hemodiafiltration (SLEDF group),18 cases subject to hemodialysis (HD group).The renal function was tested,and the expression levels of complements C3,C4,and CRP,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α were detected before and after therapy.Results In SLEDF group,the renal function recovered in (29 ± 13) days after therapy,and in (47 ± 21) days in HD group.After therapy,the BUN and Scr in both two groups were lower than before (P＜0.01).After therapy,the levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were also lower than before in two groups,and the levels were lower in SLEDF group than in HD group (P＜0.05).The levels of complements C3,C4,and CRP in two groups were decreased after therapy,but there was no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion SLEDF can decrease the level of SCr,BUN and some cytokines in recipients effectively,and It's helpful to recovery of the renal function.SLEDF can be used by DGF recipients in transit time.

Objective To evaluate the protective effect on the pulmonary micmvascolar permeability and thereby to ameliorate the lungs injury attributed to cardiopuimonary bypass(CPB).Method Twenty-four adult hybrid health dogs were randomly divided into three groups(8 in each group):group C(normal saline given after CPB),group N1(NAC given intravenously just before CPB)and group N2(NAC given just after CPB).The changes of respiratory index(RI)and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in lung tissue were observed.Samples were taken three times,before CPB(T0),30 min after CPB surned off(T1)and 60 min after CPB sumed off(T2).The leucocyte count and slbumin content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BAlF),the pulmonary micmvascular permeability index(PMPI),and the histological changes of lung under light microscope and electromicroscope in 3 groups were examined.Results No significant differences were found in the levels of Ri and MDA content of lung tissue between groups before CPB.However,they gradually reduced after CPB(P<0.05)in the three groups,but they still were significantly lower in group N1 and group N2 compared with those in group C at,T1 and T2(P<0.05)and those in group N1 were significantly lowere than those in group N2 at T1 and T2(P<0.05).MDA gradually increased after CPB in three groups(P<0.05),but it was still significantly lower in group N1 and group N2 than that in group C at T1 and T2(P<0.05).The leucocyte count and albumin content in BALF were significantly lower in group N1 and group N2 in comparison with those in group C(P<0.05)and they were significantly lower in group N1 compared with those in group N2(P<0.05).The PMPI were significantly lower in group N1 and sroup N2 compared with those in group C(P<0.05)and they were significantly lower in group N1 compared with those in group N2(P<0.05).By using electromicroscope,the apparent inflammatory change of lung with endothelium cellular swelling,inter-endothelial cells spaces widened,and the indistinctness,deformation or decurtation of microfilarnent were observed.And the dissolution of laminated body,swollen mitochondria and plasmolysis were found in alveolar epithelial cell Ⅱ in group C.However,these changes were markedly alleviated in group N2 and group N1.Conclusions The results clearly demonstrate that NAC could protectie effect on the CPB injured lung and reduce the pulmonary microvascalar permeability,and the protetive effect is better in group N1 than that in group N2.

Objective To investigate the status quo of psychological pressure in female infertility patients so as to provide the basis for carrying out the psychological counseling aiming at these patients .Methods The random sampling was adopted and the questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 760 female infertility patients .Results The patients with psychological pressure accounted for 84 .43% of the investigated patients .The cases number of psychological pressure in the patients with in‐vitro‐fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF‐ET) treatment was significantly more than that in the patients with pregnancy‐guiding and artificial insemina‐tion (P<0 .01);the cases number of psychological pressure in the patients with higher educational degree was more than that in the patients with lower educational degree (P<0 .01);the cases number of psychological pressure in technicians ,teachers ,staffs ,cadres and civil servants was more than that in the workers ,farmers ,merchants and the people with the other occupations (P<0 .01);the cases number of psychological pressure in the patients with 2-5 year infertility was more than that in the patients with the other infertility years (P<0 .01);the cases number of psychological pressure in the patients with visiting doctors for twice or over was more than that in the patients with visiting doctors for the first time (P< 0 .01) .Conclusion The female infertility patients in Chongqing have large psychological pressure .The doctor should actively communicate with patients ,answer the patient doubt ,ease the patient emotion ,mobilize the patients′family and society to care the patients .