The analgesic, sedative and convulsive effects of procaine were determined by animal experiments. The analgesic ED50 of procain were 21.7mg/kg or 52.8ug/ each (iv or icv, hot plate) and 29.2mg/kg or 52.2ug/ each (iv or icv,electral stimulation) in mice.Procaine In subthreshold dose had additive hypnotic effect of phenobarbital in mice and rabbits, but could not de crease spontaneous activity in mice.The convulsive ED50 of procaine were 13.5mg/kg (iv) or 2.4mg/each (icv) in rabbits.There was no influence on the righting reflex in all the experiment animals when iv or icv procaine was given alone.These results suggest that the analgesic and sedative effects of procaine are weak, but may be potentiated when administered concomitantly With other potent drugs.

Objective: To confirm the cognitive rationale of Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) with a polygraph lie-detection test,explore the merits of GKT's variation as narrowing unclear range of guilty knowledge, and to discuss the problems of the commonly used scoring method which was introduced by Lykken initially in order to obtain more scientific scoring method in accordance with the cognitive rationale. Methods:40 college students were chosen as participants.The study was designed under non-motivational instructions and neutral materials of meaningless letter strings. Results: The lie detection accuracy of this research was 73% under standard GKT paradigm (namely, the tester knowing the guilty knowledge clearly) with the scoring method introduced by Lykken, which confirmed the cognitive rationale of GKT. The accuracy of reducing guilty knowledge range from 5 to 2 was 78.4% in the condition of unclear-clue GKT (namely, the tester only knowing the guilty knowledge in the range of five items) with the scoring method of height and vicinity.Conclusion: The accuracy of lie detection with standard GKT in this study is similar to top accuracies of foreign studies with the same pattern and verified the rationale of cognition for GKT. The innovative scoring method suggested in this paper bears merits in application and is worth further studying.

Objective To explore the tubal patency after laparoscopic salpingotomy and embryo removal for tubal ectopic pregnancy. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 28 patients receiving laparoscopic salpingotomy at other hospitals from September 2013 to September 2014.Within their 6 postoperative months, these patients were given hysterosalpingography in this gynecological minimally invasive center to evaluate the tubal patency. Results There were 6 cases of ipsilateral tubal patency (21.4%) and 22 cases of tubal obstruction or dropsy (78.6%), while 19 cases of contralateral tubal patency (67.9%) and 9 cases of tubal obstruction or dropsy (32.1%).Bilateral tubal embryo removal was carried out in 3 cases, with hysterosalpingography showing bilateral tubal obstruction in 2 cases and bilateral tubal dropsy in 1 case.One patient had ipsilateral tubal obstruction after tubal embryo patency and developed contralateral tubal patency after conservative treatment.Follow-up of the 28 cases for 6-15 months showed 4 cases of intrauterine pregnancy, 4 cases of examination of ovulation, 7 cases of preparation of assisted reproduction, 3 cases of laparoscopic salpingoplasty 1-2 months after hysterosalpingography, 1 case of endocrine regulation monitoring ovulation, 1 case of abnormal uterine bleeding 13 months later ( hysteroscopic examination showed endometritis and diagnostic curettage found proliferative phase endometrium that consistent with the menstrual cycle), and 8 cases without further treatment. Conclusion Laparoscopic salpingotomy for tubal ectopic pregnancy does not improve patient’ s tubal patency.

Objective To observe the behavioral and the histopathology changes and expression of NR2B subunit in spinal dorsal horn in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats after pulsed radiofrequency (PRF). Methods Forty-eight adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham-Sham (SS), Sham-PRF (SP), CCI-Sham (CS) and CCI-PRF (CP) groups. The right sciatic nerves (SNs) of the CS and CP groups were ligated to create the CCI model. For the SS and SP groups, the right SNs were separated without ligation. The CP and SP groups accepted PRF at the ligation site 15 days after modeling, while the electrode was placed in rats in the SS and CS groups without elec-tricity. The hindpaw withdrawal threshold (HWT) was measured before and 3, 7, 11, 15 days after modeling, and 1, 3, 7, 11, 15 days after treatment. The right SNs at ligation sites were assessed with optical microscopic score 15 days after treatment, and the NR2B expression in the L4-6 spinal dorsal horn were determined with Western blotting. Results HWT was significantly shorter in the CS and CP groups than in the SS and SP groups after modeling, and was more in the CP group than in the CS group. Under the optical microscope, the axonal diame-ter and myelin sheath thickness increased in the CP group compared to those in the CS group (P<0.01), the NR2B expression was less in the CP group than in the CS group after treatment (F=10.769, P<0.05). Conclusion PRF may reduce hyperalgesia and repair damaged SNs in CCI-induced neuropathic pain, which may associate with inhibition of the NR2B subunit expression in spinal dorsal horn.

The interaction between sodium oxybate and ketamine were studied in conscious animals. Sodium oxybate increased the LD_(50) of ketamine, increased the incidence of sleep caused by ke tamine and prolonged the sleep duration and potentiated analgesic action of ketamine. Sodium Oxybate didn't effect the respiratory and circulatory function in rabbits. The results showed sodium oxybate po tentiated the anesthetic action of ketamine and reduced the side effect of ketamine. So It is suggested that sodium oxybate has the anesthetic synergism with ketamine in animals.

Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Risk Assessment ; methods

Carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction can be radically resected through thorax or abdomen.Because abdominal operation can achieve more ideal abdominal lymph node dissection and less injury of respiratory function,it is ideal for the elderly patients and patients with poor pulmonary function.The classic laparoscopic radical gastrectomy needs a small abdominal incision for making tubular stomach and installation of stapling devices.All the procedures were completed via the main operating trocar.In November of 2011,a 65-year-old male patient with poor pulmonary function and carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction underwent modified total laparoscopic esophagogastric anastomosis.During the operation,the thorax esophagus was mobilized about 5 cm above the esophageal hiatus,then it was pulled to the abdominal cavity and transected.After inserting the OrVil via the mouth,the esophagogastric anastomosis was done.The operation went through smoothly and the procedure was completed conveniently and quickly.The patient recovered well after operation with no local recurrence and metastasis.

Objective To evaluate whether serum cystatin C (SCys C) could be used as an ideal index to assess renal function of renal transplant recipients during posttransplant follow-up.Methods Seventy patients who were followed up for at least 6 months after renal transplantation in our centre were recruited in the study. SCys C and serum creatinine (SCr) were determined during the follow-up period, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured using an isotope Tc99m DTPA.The correlation between SCys C, SCr and GFR was analyzed. The performance of SCys C and SCr in diagnosing the mild impairment of renal allgraft function (GFR ＜ 1 ml/s) was evaluated using ROC curve. Results Both SCys C and SCr had a linear negative correlation with GFR (r = -0. 82 and -0. 66 respectively, P＜0. 01 ). The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values (PPV) of SCys C for diagnosing the mild impairment of renal allgraft function were higher than those of SCr,but the AUC of SCys C did not differ from that of SCr significantly (0. 935 vs. 0. 877, P＞0. 05).Conclusion SCys C could be used an ideal index to evaluate the allograft renal function for its better correlation with actual GFR.

Objective: to examine the relationship between emotional states and skin conductance response during lie- detection and to provide evidence for improvement of lie- detection technique. Methods: 38 university students participat- ed in the study. They were provided with antisocial behavior materials that elicited different levels of emotional arousal. Results: Significant difference in skin conductance response was observed with the high emotionality items eliciting the highest skin conductance response. Conclusion: Under a certain level of pressure, individuals’emotional state has direct impact on skin conductance. High emotionality questions are better for detecting lies and honesty than low emotionality questions. In addition to lying, the questions themselves have direct impact on subjects’emotional responses, which in turn lead to skin conductance response. When cues for emotionality are obvious, related events tend to receive greater at- tention by subjects and thus lead to special skin conductance response.

Objective To report our experience in surgical technique of pediatric renal transplantation and administration of immunosuppressive agents for improvement of recipient/graft survival. Methods Twenty six pediatric recipients (less than 18 years) received cadaveric renal allografts between June 1980 and March 2001.A retrospective analysis was made in these 26 cases with respect to the technical consideration of transplant,immunosuppressive regimens and long term survival. Results Two cases (8%)had delayed graft function,11(42%)had acute rejection and 10 (38%)had chronic rejection.One case develo ped recurrent nephritis,which was pathologically confirmed to be focal segment glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).The recipient/graft survival rates of 1,3,5 years were 96%/88%,92%/73% and 88%/62% respectively,with mortality of 12%. Conclusions In pediatric renal transplantations,good tissue matching,appropriate technique of vessel anastomosis,early diagnosis of acute rejection and optimal adjust ment of blood level for immunosuppressants are keys to success.