There are many ways to prepare middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. The focal cerebral ischemia model es-tablished by the suture-occluded method is widely accepted as an ideal focal cerebral ischemia model, which can be used in the basic and clinical study of cerebral vascular diseases. However, it still has the defects of high technical requirement, large model difference and high animal mortality. A variety of focal cerebral ischemia models were established by changing the retention time of the thread, the road the thread plugging into, the type of thread bolt and the depth of the thread plugging. This article compared different suture-occluded method, as well as the suture-occluded method to other modeling methods, different cerebral ischemia models may be different in the pathophysiology of cerebral infarction, and the effects may also be different.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors,they are found not only inducer of new bone formation,but also have critical roles in cell growth,differentiation,migration,apoptosis,embryogenesis and organogenesis.Studies show that BMPs are closely related to tumorigenesis and metastasis,which have important practical values in tumour therapy.

Objective To explore the effect of exercise training on learning and memory ability in rats with focal cerebral ischemia, and to analyze the changes of brain tissue structure of rats after exercise training through diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods Twenty-four SPF male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=8), natural recovery group (n=8) and exercise training group (n=8). The left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established. The exercise training group received running wheel training 24 hours after modeling, for 14 days. All groups were tested by the Morris water maze 15 days after modeling. The latency in the navigation experiment, as well as the first latency, boundary swimming time ratio, the boundary swimming distance ratio, the average speed and the swimming path in the space exploration experiment were recorded. Four rats with similar Longa scores in each group received rou-tine magnetic resonance imaging and DTI scanning, the fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (λ‖), and radial diffusivity (λ⊥) of isch-emic cortex and hippocampal lesion and contralateral side were measured. Results In the navigation experiment, the latency of three groups showed a downward trend along with training days (P<0.05). The latency was longer in all the time points in the natural recovery group than in the sham operation group (P<0.05), and was longer in the first three days in the exercise training group than in the sham operation group (P<0.05), however, there was no significant difference between them in the last two days (P>0.05), while it was shorter in the exercise train-ing group than in the natural recovery group in the same time (P<0.05). In the space exploration experiment, the latency, the boundary swim-ming time ratio and the boundary swimming distance ratio were more in the natural recovery group than in the sham operation group (Z>2.627, P<0.01), and the latter two indexes were also higher in the natural recovery group than in the exercise training group (Z>2.521, P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the average speed among three groups (P>0.05). The swimming paths in the exercise training group and the sham operation group were better than that of the natural recovery group. The FA and rFA in the left cortical area were higher in the sham operation group than in the exercise training group and the natural recovery group (P<0.05), however, no significant difference was found between the exercise training group and the natural recovery group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the FA in the right cortical area among three groups (F=0.532, P=0.607). Theλ⊥,λ‖, rλ‖and rλ⊥in the left cortical area were lower in the sham opera-tion group than in the natural recovery group (P<0.05), and no significant difference was found from the exercise training group to the natu-ral recovery group, nor to the sham operation group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in theλ⊥andλ‖in the right cortical area among three groups (F<1.030, P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the FA,λ⊥,λ‖and rFA, rλ⊥and rλ‖in the bilateral hippo-campal interest area among three groups (F<1.845, P>0.05). The rFA, rλ‖, rλ⊥and leftλ⊥ were correlated with the latency in the space ex-ploration experiment in the Morris water maze test (P<0.05), in which the correlation coefficient of rλ⊥was the highest (r=0.761, P<0.01). Conclusion Proper exercise training can improve the learning and memory ability of rats with focal cerebral ischemia, and can promote the repair of nerve fiber damage and reduce the vascular edema. In addition, the rFA, rλ‖, rλ⊥andλ⊥of ischemic cortex may be predictors of cognitive function recovery in rats after focal cerebral ischemia, especially rλ⊥.

Aim To study the relationship between pul-monary hypertension (PHT) and 5-hydroxytrapta-mine transporter (5-HTT) in the pulmonary arteries (PAs) from normal and monocrotaline (MCT) induced pulmonary hypertension rats. Methods MCT-treated rats were used as a model for chronic PHT.Concentration-response curves of 5-hydroxytraptamine induced pulmonary vasoconstriction were established. The medial wall thickness of pulmonary arteries was measured. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed to identify the expression of 5-HTT mRNA in rat PAs.Results 5-HT induced vasoconstriction response of PAs from MCT rats was significantly increased.The thickness of pulmonary vascular medial walls was increased in MCT rats. A significantly higher level of 5-HTT mRNA expression was detected in PAs from MCT rats. The ratio of the PCR products of 5-HTT gene to those of ?-actin gene was higher in MCT rats than in control rats. 5-HTT mRNA expression of pulmonary arteries correlated with the thickness of pulmonary vascular medial walls in rats.Conclusions MCT-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased vascular contractile response to 5-HT were accompanied with enhanced level of 5-HTT mRNA expression and there existed correlation between the wall thickness of pulmonary arteries and 5-HTT mRNA expression,indicating 5-HTT is an important mechanism involved in pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To explore the effects of early exercise on motor function and the mechanism in rats after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods 21 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into control group (n=7), natural recovery group (n=7) and exercise training group (n=7), and the latter 2 groups were modeled with middle cerebral artery occlusion. The exercise training group received wheel running exercise 24 hours after modeling for 14 days. They were assessed with Rogers score and beam balance test 21 days after modeling. 4 rats in each group received routine MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scanning. The fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of ischemic (L) and contralateral side (R) were measured, and the rate of them (L/R, r) was calculated. Results There was significant difference in Rogers score among the groups (Z=-0.786, P<0.001), but no significant difference between the natural recovery group and the exercise training group (P>0.05). Beam balance score of the natural recovery group was significantly different from the control group and the exercise training group (F=38.11, P<0.001), but there was no significant difference between the latters (P>0.05). The LFA of the natural recovery group was significantly different from the control group (P<0.05), but not significantly different from the exercise training group (P>0.05);while the rFA of the natural recovery group was significantly different from the control group and the exercise training group (F=19.30, P<0.05). LADC and rADC might be different between the control group and the natural recovery group (P=0.056, P=0.057), but not significantly different between the natural recovery group and the exercise training group (P>0.05). LFA and rFA strongly correlated with all the behavior scores (r=-0.90--0.70, P<0.01); while LADC and rADC moderately correlated with the behavior scores (r=0.50-0.75, P<0.05), except balance (P>0.05). DTT showed that the direction and density of neural fibers were significantly asymmetrical in the natural re-covery group and the exercise training group, and more symmetrical in the exercise training group. Conclusion Early exercise can promote the neural functional recovery in rats after focal cerebral ischemia, which may associate with the improve of conduction of fibers.

Objective:Human sera ACA was detected by ELISA method and some factors including the dilution rate of sera, blocking materials, temperature,ionic strength and interval time between blocking and detection,which could probablly influence the detective level of sera ACA were investigated.Methods:Human sera ACA was detected by ELISA.Results:10% NBS/PBS was more feasible than 1% bovine albumin/PBS for blocking non specific binding;the ACA titer of the same sample detected at 37℃ was lower than that of 22℃ and 25℃,the dilution rate 1∶50 for sera was suitable for the detection; time internal between blocking and detection could influence ACA level when it exceeding 2 weeks;the blinding ability of Ag with Ab was signicantly inhibited when the NaCl inonic strength was higher than 1.5 mol/L.Conclusion:The detected results of human sera ACA influenced by the dilution rate of sera,blocking materials,temperature ionic strength and internal time between blocking and detection.

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia, Mast-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastocytosis, Cutaneous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastocytosis, Systemic ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Radiography ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Spleen ; pathology ; surgery ; Splenectomy ; Tryptases ; metabolism

This research adopted silt as the sample,and the five highest hydrogen production performing strains contained in the sample were isolated. The strain whose hydrogen production was the highest was identified as Enterobacter cloacae by the analysis of 16S rDNA sequencing and comparison. It is showed by Plackett-Burman Experimental Design that only glucose,citric buffer and reducing agent had significant effects on hydrogen production by Enterobacter cloacae FML-C1. The path of steepest ascent was undertaken to approach the optimal response region of those three factors. Central Composite Design(CCD) and Response Surface Methodology(RSM) were employed to investigate the interaction of the variables and to ascertain the optimal values of the factors,which finally led to the maximum hydrogen production(VH2) . The theoretical optimal medium conditions were:glucose 21.5 g/L,citric buffer 13.6 mL/L,reducing agent10.0 mL/L. The five tentative tests matched this model well. The final VH2 was up to 2347.4 mL/L,which was 127.42% enhanced in comparison to the original. The result shows that PB experiment design and RSM analytical method work well in selecting factors which have significant influences on the hydrogen production and,moreover,achieve the ideal optimal result.

Objective:To investigate the effects of bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2)expression in the related periodontal tissue on bone remodeling under different distracting force during rapid tooth movement by resistance reduction and distraction. Methods:1 2 Beagle dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups as follows:5 d distraction,1 5 d distraction,1 5 d distraction and 1 0 d retaining and 1 5 d distraction and 90 d retaining.4 4 were distalized.6 teeth in each group were randomly assigned to re-sistance and distracting method,resistance and conventional method and conventional method,and there were 2 teeth in each group.Moving teeth models were prepared regularly.BMP-2 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry.Results:The BMP-2 positive expression of the 3 groups of different distraction schedule showed similar distribution area,and it reached peak at the end of 1 5-day distration,but the group of resistance and distracting method showed the maximum peak(P <0.05)and maximum tooth movement(P <0.01 ).In different stages of distraction,the positive expression in the group of resistance reduc-tion and conventional method was higher than in the group of conventional method but lower than the group of resistance reduction and extraction method(P <0.05).There was no significant difference in BMP-2 positive expression among 3 groups when retai-ning was 90 d(P >0.05).Conclusion:Resistance reduction with sustained strong distracting force can significantly increased the positive expression of BMP-2 and effectively accelerate new bone formation in periodontal tissue.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is reported to be one of the leading causes of mortality in Korea. Our aim was to evaluate the clinicopathologic usefulness of cyclin E, p53, E-cadherin and beta-catenin expressions in gastric adenocarcinomas. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed on the 40 early gastric carcinoma (EGC) cases and 69 advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) cases to examine the relationship with the clinicopathologic parameters. RESULTS: Cyclin E and p53 expressions were significantly lower in the mucosal or submucosal invasion group compared with those in the muscle invasion and subserosal or serosal invasion groups. Cyclin E expression was significantly higher in the node-positive group compared with that in the node-negative group. The loss of beta-catenin expression was significantly higher in the node-negative group. p53 expression was significantly higher in the intestinal type group than that in the diffuse type group. Loss of E-cadherin expression was significantly higher in the diffuse type group. Cyclin E expression correlates with p53 expression. CONCLUSIONS: The depth of invasion seems to correlate with cyclin E and p53 expressions. Lymph node metastasis may correlate with loss of beta-catenin expression.
Adenocarcinoma* ; beta Catenin* ; Cadherins* ; Cyclin E* ; Cyclins* ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms