Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) with different frequencies in treating migraine.Methods: Ninety patients with migraine were divided into a low frequency electroacupuncture (LF-EA) group, a high frequency electroacupuncture (HF-EA) group and a variable frequency electroacupuncture (VF-EA) group by the random number table method. Shuaigu (GB 8), Hegu (LI 4), Waiguan (TE 5), Taichong (LR 3), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Fengchi (GB 20) and Ashi points were selected for all three groups. After achieving needling sensation (Deqi), the LF-EA group received 2 Hz continuous wave EA stimulation; the HF-EA group received 100 Hz continuous wave EA stimulation, and the VF-EA group received 2 Hz/100 Hz sparse-dense wave EA stimulation. The EA stimulation lasted for 30 min in all the three groups, once a day, 10 times as a course, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated after 2 consecutive courses of treatment. Results: After treatment, the total effective rates in the LF-EA group, HF-EA group and VF-EA group were 77.7％, 83.3％ and 93.3％, respectively. The difference in total effective rate between the LF-EA and HF-EA groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05), but the total effective rate was significantly higher in the VF-EA group than in the LF-EA and HF-EA groups (both P<0.01). After treatment, the headache scores significantly decreased in all three groups (all P<0.01). The difference in headache score between the LF-EA and HF-EA groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05), while the score was significantly lower in the VF-EA group than in the LF-EA and HF-EA groups (both P<0.01). Conclusion: VF-EA (2 Hz/100 Hz), compared with LF-EA (2 Hz) and HF-EA (100 Hz), shows superior clinical efficacy in treating migraine.

Objective To explore the applicability of the Loewenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment (LOTCA) in evaluating cognitive function and observing the curative effect of stroke treatment.Methods Thirty stroke patients with cognitive impairment (the cognitive impairment group) and thirty stroke patients without marked cognitive impairment (the stroke control group) were screened using the mini-mental status examination (MMSE),and thirty healthy subjects served as a normal control group.The gender distributions,ages and levels of education of the three groups were matched.All cases were examined with the LOTCA.After two months of treatment,the three groups were assessed again.Results The average total scores and the scores on the LOTCA subitems were significantly lower in the cognitive impairment group than in the stroke control group and were even lower than those in the normal control group.Particularly conspicuous were their lower scores on the thinking operations and orientation and visuo-motor organization LOTCA sub-items,In the stroke control group the average scores on the thinking operations,visuo-motor organization,attention,orientation and spatial perception sub-items were all significantly lower than those in the normal control group,especially on the thinking operations and visuo-motor organization sub-items.After treatment,the LOTCA scores in all three groups had improved significantly compared with before treatment.Conclusion The LOTCA can assess the severity and characteristics of cognitive impairment in stroke patients.It offers an effective method for identifying cognitive impairment and tracking any improvements.The scores reflect patients' cognitive levels,and so have clinical value.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a structural model including relevant factors to identity the variables that affect school adjustment in juvenile delinquents. On the basis of a review of the literature on school adjustment of juvenile delinquents and on Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological model, a hypothetical model was developed by setting home environmental factors (e.g.,economic conditions, parent child communication, parenting attitudes, peer relationships, and academic stress) as exogenous variables, and personal factors (e.g., ego identity and psychological well-being) as endogenous variables. METHODS: Data were collected from January 29 to March 3, 2015 by a survey of 206 students attending junior high and high schools in City B. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS and Amos 22.0 software. RESULTS: The verification of the hypothetical model indicated a good fit for the model: χ²=0.009 df=13, χ²/df=2.161, GFI=0.97, AGFI=0.90, RMESA=0.07, CFI=0.98, TLI=0.95, and RMR=0.01. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that ego identity and parent-child communication do not directly affect school adjustment of juvenile delinquents but influence it depending on the psychological well-being of delinquents. High levels of psychological well-being, better economic conditions, better parent-child communication, and low academic stress were abserved to contribute to better school life. Therefore, to improve the school adjustment of juvenile delinquents, appropriate measures need to be taken and programs need to be designed for improving ego identity and parent-child communication, thus promoting psychological well-being.
Child ; Ego ; Humans ; Juvenile Delinquency ; Models, Structural ; Parenting ; Parents

Objective To investigate the efficacy of entecavir (ETV) sequential therapy in the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients with suboptimal early response to Peginterferon-α(Peg-IFN-α).Methods The cases of HBeAg-positive CHB who were treated with Peg-IFN-α for 12 to 24 weeks and serum HBsAg ＞ 20 000 IU/mL were enrolled into observation group.Treatment naive HBeAg positive CHB with serum HBsAg ＞ 20 000IU/mL were enrolled into control group.Both two groups received ETV for 96 weeks.Hepatitis B virus (HBV) virological and serological data were collected every 12 weeks.Results At the end of 48-week and 96-week,the rates of HBeAg seroconversion in the observation group were 23.3％ (10/43),30.2％ (13/43),respectively,which in the control group were 23.1％ (12/52),28.8％ (15/52),respectively.The HBsAg decline at 24-week was observed in both two groups.Conclusion Sequential strategy for patients with suboptimal early response to IFN is preferable.

Three myelin proteins, Nogo-A, MAG and OMgp, transduce their neurite-outgrowth inhibitory signal through a common receptor complex: NgR/ p75NTR (or TROY). Recently, LINGO-1 is identified as another essential component and regulator for the Nogo-66 receptor/p75 signaling complex. LINGO-1 is restricted to express in CNS, neuronal LINGO-1 is shown to be involved in the signal transduction from three myelin proteins, and Lingo-1 in oligodendrocyte negatively regulates the differentiation and myelination of oligodendrocyte. To investigate the potential activity of LINGO-1 in neuronal apoptosis, LINGO-1-Fc fusion protein including the extracellular LRR and IgC2 domain, was used as functional antagonist to study its protective effect on low-potassium induced apoptosis of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). In judgement of the apoptotic nuclei stained by Hoechst, LINGO-1-Fc pretreatment for 2 h significantly prevents apoptosis of CGNs. Although GST-LINGO-1 protein, including the LRR domain, binds to the CGN cultures in the same way with LINGO-1-Fc, it doesn't prevent the apoptosis of CGNs. These results indicate that LINGO-1-Fc fusion protein prevents low-potassium induced apoptosis of cerebellar granule neurons in certain conditions and this activity is probably IgC2 domain dependent.

Objective To explore the impact of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimula tion (rTMS) on executive dysfunction after stroke by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and neuropsychological scale.Methods 60 stroke patients with executive dysfunction were recruited and randomly divided into a study group and a control group,with 30 in each.The study group was treated with rTMS in addition to routine treatment,while the control group received routine treatment only.Before and after treatment,the neuropsychological scale and MRS were measured in both groups.Results After treatment,the scores on the LOTCA and FAB of neuropsychological scale in the treatment group were (87.10 ± 3.16) and (11.97 ± 0.48),significantly better than before the baselines.NAA/Cr was (1.64 ± 0.08) and Cho/Cr was (1.17 ± 0.07),which were significantly better than the baselines.In the control group,significant differences were also observed in the scores of the neuropsychological scale and in the indicators of MRS before and after treatment.Conclusions rTMS can effectively improve executive function in patients with cerebral apoplexy by influencing the metabolites related with cognitive function in the brain.Magnetic resonance spectroscopy can show the therapeutic effect at molecular level.

A cross sectional study of 769 patients was performed to evaluate the association of blood uric acid with coronary heart disease (CHD) in different metabolic disorders. It showed that uric acid was not independently associated with CHD. However, when the other abnormal metabolic factors were absent, uric acid might be related to CHD.

PURPOSE: To report the results of 134 cases in which add-on stereotactic core biopsy (ASCB) was performed in patients with mammographically detected breast lesions, and to evaluate the usefulness of this procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the results of ASCB of 134 breast lesions in 125 patients, performed during a 41-month period. The mammographic findings were suspicious malignant lesion in 38 cases, benign lesion in 18, and indeterminate lesion in 78. Surgical excision was performed in 23 cases, and follow-up mammography in 39. We analyzed the pathologic results according to each mammographic finding and correlated the results of core biopsy with those of surgical excision. We also evaluated the mammographic changes seen during follow-up, and associated complications and procedural difficulties. RESULTS: Samples were adequate for pathologic diagnosis in 95% of cases (127/134). ASCB revealed malignancy in 47% of cases (18/38) in which this was suspected on the basis of mammographic findings, and in 5% of cases (4/78) in which these findings were indeterminate. The pathologic results of core biopsy and of surgical excision agreed in 78% of cases (18/23). In two of five false-negative cases, ASCB revealed the presence of atypical ductal hyperplasia. The mammographic findings in these five cases were suspicious malignancy in three, and indeterminate in two. Specimen radiography showed calcifications in four cases. The size or extent of mammographic lesions did not change during the mean follow-up period of 17.3 months. In 13/125 patients (10%), the complications and procedural difficulties noted included arterial bleeding, dizziness, syncope, patient movement, and instrument failure. CONCLUSION: ASCB is accurate, safe and useful, but surgical excision should be considered when the ASCB result is either atypical ductal hyperplasia or benign but with mammographic diagnosis of suspicious malignant or indeterminate lesions.
Biopsy* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Mammography ; Radiography ; Syncope

Objective To evaluate the relationship between endoscopic rectal aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colon neoplasm, including lesions with high risk of aggressive progression (adenoma with diameter ≥ 1cm, villus adenoma, tubular-villus adenoma, adenoma of high grade dysplasia, or cancer). Methods The rectum of 212 patients who underwent colonoscopy was stained by 0. 4% indigo armine, and the patient was classified into different grade according to the number of rectal ACF, namely Grade 0 as no ACF, Grade Ⅰ as 1-4, Grade Ⅱ as 5-9 and Grade Ⅲ as more than 10. The correlation between rectal ACF grade and colon lesions was analyzed. Results Of 212 patients, 72 were classified as Grade 0, 48 as Grade Ⅰ , 41 as Grade Ⅱ, and 51 as Grade Ⅲ. The detection rate of colon neoplasm and lesions with high risk of aggressive progression in patients with rectal ACF were significantly higher than that in patients without rectal ACF (OR at 95% CI was 22. 352 (6. 716 -74. 395) and 7. 982 ( 1. 838-34. 672), respcetively). Conclusion Rectal ACF may predict the detection of colon lesions, including those with high risk of aggressive progression.

Objective To investigate the relationship between adiponectin and the first-phase of pancreatic P-cell insulin secretion in subjects with different statuses of glucose tolerance. Methods Thirty-seven patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) , 30 patients with abnormal glucose tolerance (IGR) , and 40 normal control subjects (NGT) underwent intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). Fasting adiponectin and proinsulin (PI) was assayed by EL1SA. Fasting free fatty acid ( FFA) was measured by colorimetry. Insulin area under the curve ( AUC ) , incremental AUC (iAUC) from 0 min to 10 min, AIR3-5, homeostasis model assessment for insnlin resistance (HOMA-IR) , and for β cell function ( HOMA-p) were calculated. The relationship between adiponectin and AUC, iAUC, AIR3-5, proinsulin, FFA, and HOMA-IR was explored. Results (1) The levels of AUC, iAUC, AIR3-5, and adiponectin in DM group and IGR group were significantly lower than those in NGT group (P<0.05), reduced in DM group than those in IGR group(P<0.05). (2) The levels of PI in DM group and IGR group were significantly higher than that in NGT (P<0.05). (3) Adiponectin was positively correlated with HOMA-p,AUC,iAUC,AIR3-5, and HDL-C,while negatively correlated with proinsulin, HOMA-IR, and LDL-C. (4) Proinsulin was positively correlated with HOMA-IR. (5 ) Multiple regression stepwise analysis showed that adiponectin was independently associated with AUC. Conclusions Adiponectin was an independent factor affecting the first phase of pancreatic p-cell insulin secretion. Low adiponectin level could predict the dysfunction of the first phase pancreatic p-cell secretion as well as insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.