Recent changes in lifestyle such as high-fat diet and inactivity have promoted a metabolic disorder titled syndrome X. At the moment, it is very rare in Vietnam but the prevalence of this syndrome is going to significantly increases in next decades. In Endocrinology and Diabetic Dept- Bach Mai Hospital, we found a 44 year-old patient, who met the basic criteria of the syndrome X: Hypertension, central obesity and high fasting serum Insulin. He has mild dyslipidemia. All members of his family, including his mother and his sister are also suffering from syndrome X with hypertension, obesity and overt diabetes mellitus. This patient was advised to have diet with caloric restriction and exercise to improve insulin resistance. He has been using gemfibrozil (Lopid) and metformin. After 2 months, he has lost 6 kilograms and felt better. His blood pressure was controlled without antihypertensive drugs
Metabolic Syndrome X ; diagnosis

No abstract available.
Humans ; *Metabolic Syndrome X ; *Prostatic Hyperplasia

No abstract available.
Humans ; *Metabolic Syndrome X ; *Prostatic Hyperplasia

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*blood ; Thyrotropin/*blood

No abstract available.
Antioxidants/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*blood

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that contain molecules that regulate the metabolic functions of adjacent or remote cells. Recent in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies support the hypothesis that exosomes released from various cell types play roles in the progression of metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes. Based on this concept and advances in other diseases, the proteins, mRNA, microRNA and lipids in exosomes isolated from biological fluids have been proposed as biomarkers in metabolic disorders. However, several problems with the development of clinically applicable biomarkers have not been resolved. In this review, the biologic functions of exosomes are briefly introduced, and we discuss the technical and practical pros and cons of different methods of exosome isolation for the identification of exosomal biomarkers of metabolic disorders. Standardization of preanalytical variables and isolation of high-purity exosomes from fully characterized biological fluids will be necessary for the identification of useful exosomal biomarkers that can provide insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of complications of metabolic syndrome and of whole-body metabolism.
Biomarkers* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Exosomes* ; Extracellular Vesicles ; In Vitro Techniques ; Metabolic Diseases* ; Metabolic Syndrome X ; Metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; RNA, Messenger

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that contain molecules that regulate the metabolic functions of adjacent or remote cells. Recent in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies support the hypothesis that exosomes released from various cell types play roles in the progression of metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes. Based on this concept and advances in other diseases, the proteins, mRNA, microRNA and lipids in exosomes isolated from biological fluids have been proposed as biomarkers in metabolic disorders. However, several problems with the development of clinically applicable biomarkers have not been resolved. In this review, the biologic functions of exosomes are briefly introduced, and we discuss the technical and practical pros and cons of different methods of exosome isolation for the identification of exosomal biomarkers of metabolic disorders. Standardization of preanalytical variables and isolation of high-purity exosomes from fully characterized biological fluids will be necessary for the identification of useful exosomal biomarkers that can provide insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of complications of metabolic syndrome and of whole-body metabolism.
Biomarkers* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Exosomes* ; Extracellular Vesicles ; In Vitro Techniques ; Metabolic Diseases* ; Metabolic Syndrome X ; Metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; RNA, Messenger

No abstract available.
Sleep ; Work Schedule Tolerance ; Metabolic Syndrome X ; Occupational Diseases ; Health Behavior ; Obesity ; Nutrition Surveys

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with dyslipidemia, obesity, and insulin resistance, which are the main features of metabolic syndrome. First, we examined the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with NAFLD. We then compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in simple steatosis with that in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Finally, we sought to identify clinical factors associated with the stage of liver fibrosis. METHODS: From November 2002 to March 2004, we enrolled consecutive 25 patients with NAFLD from patients visiting outpatient clinic. The 17 controls were healthy persons who visited our health promotion center. We compared the clinical and biochemical data of the NAFLD group with those of the control group. Using histologic findings, we divided NAFLD into simple steatosis and NASH. We then compared the clinical and biochemical data of the simple steatosis group with those of the NASH group. RESULTS: Fourteen patients (14/25, 56%) had metabolic syndrome in the NAFLD group. There was no difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between the simple steatosis (5/10, 50%) and the NASH group (9/15, 60%). We found significant differences in cardiovascular risk factors between the two groups, but homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance was the only significantly different factor between the simple steatosis group and the NASH group. In addition, no difference in histological features was found between NASH with metabolic syndrome and without metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable number of patients with NAFLD had metabolic syndrome. There was a close correlation between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome. We could not find any cardiovascular risk factors that could predict a severe fibrosis.
Adult ; English Abstract ; Fatty Liver/*complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*complications ; Middle Aged

PURPOSE: This study investigated gender differences in the relationship between long working hours and metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Data based on the Sixth National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014) pertaining to a total of 1,145 paid workers were analyzed. Working hours were divided into three groups (40–51 hours/week, 52–59 hours/week, ≥ 60 hours/week). The relationship between working hours and metabolic syndrome was then analyzed after adjusting for general and occupational characteristics, using a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS: Working 40–51 hours per week was associated with the lowest metabolic syndrome among female workers (11.2%), whereas it was associated with the highest metabolic syndrome among male workers (28.0%). After adjusting for general and occupational characteristics, female workers working ≥ 60 hours per week showed odds ratios of 2.21 [95% confidence interval (1.07, 4.57)], compared to those who worked 40–51 hours per week. However, no clear association between long working hours and metabolic syndrome was found among male workers. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that working long hours, especially≥ 60 hours per week, is related to metabolic syndrome among female Korean workers.
Employment ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X ; Nutrition Surveys ; Odds Ratio