Objectives To summarize the maternal and fetal outcomes of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), and tentatively propose possible solutions for different clinical scenarios.Methods We retrospectively studied the clinical data, treatment, outcomes and follow-up status in 18 consecutive cases of young women with ET visited Peking University People's Hospital, among whom 22 pregnancies occurred from March 2005 to January 2015.Rank-sum test, Chi-square test or Fisher exact test were applied for statistics.Results (1) Out of the total 22 pregnancies, 17 (77％) were successful (term live births) and five (23％) ended in miscarriages, among which four were spontaneous abortion in first trimester.(2) Six pregnancies did not received any therapy, while 16 received various treatments before and/or during pregnancy, including oral Aspirin(single/joint), Hydroxyurea, Interferon-α (IFN-α) and platelet apheresis.(3) Treatments before/during pregnancy improved the live birth rate significantly (15/16 vs 2/6, P=0.009).Platelet (PLT) count of the newborns were all normal till the time at follow-up.(4) The median PLT count in those patients before Aspirin therapy was 761 × 109/L[(448-1 213) × 109/L, and 639× 109/L[(283-1 908) × 109/L] thereafter, which showed no significant difference (Z=-0.405, P=0.686).(5) The PLT counts in those patients before combination therapy of Aspirin and IFN-α was 989 × 109/L[(435-1 504) × 109/L], and 498 × 109/L[(186-559) × 109/L] thereafter, which decreased significantly (Z=-2.366, P=0.018).Conclusions (1) First-trimester spontaneous abortion is the most common complication of ET in pregnancy.(2) A specific treatment strategy may improve the pregnant outcomes without long-term harmful effect up to now.(3) IFN-α and/or Aspirin might be the first-line therapy in women with ET during pregnancy.

Objective To investigate maternal risk factors for fetal congenital heart diseases (CHD). Methods A case-control study was conducted on 16 645 pregnant women who underwent cardiovascular malformation screening for fetal cardiovascular system,whose pregnancy outcomes were recorded,and whose newborns were scanned by an echocardiography in Peking University People's Hospital,Haidian,Changping,Mentougou and Daxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from Nov.2006 to Oct.2009.One hundred and twelve pregnant women whose babies were found to be CHD (40 severe CHD and 72 simple CHD) before or after delivery were taken as study group.Women in control group (n =304) were randomly selected from those pregnant women who had infants without CHD.Logistic regression analysis and x2 test were used to analyze the maternal risk factors for fetal CHD. Results (1) The average age of women whose infants had severe CHD was 28.3 years (21-40 years),and it was 29.9 years (22-39 years) for women whose infants had simple CHD.There were no significant differences between the control group (29.5 years,20-44 years) and the above two groups (t=1.511 and -0.826,P=0.138 and 0.410 respectively).(2) Single factor analysis:during first trimester,the rate of upper respiratory infection (18/39,46.2 ％) and exposure to certain chemicals (13/40,32.5％) of severe CHD group were higher than those of control group [(14.9％ (45/303) and 2.0％ (6/304)] (x2 =22.399 and 62.678,OR=4.895 and 23.753,95％CI:2.419-9.905 and 8.358-67.506,P =0.000 respectively).Compared with control group (0.0％,0/304),the rate of pregnant women with CHD family history in simple CHD group was significantly higher (4.2％,3/72)(Fisher exact test,P=0.007).(3) Logistic regression analysis:maternal upper respiratory infections (OR =5.120,95％CI:2.340-11.206,P =0.000) and exposure to certain chemicals (f)R=23.030,95％CI:7.506-70.665,P=0.000) during first trimester were risk factors for fetal severe CHD. Conclusions Upper respiratory infection and exposure to certain chemicals during first trimester might play important roles in the occurrence of fetal severe CHD.Maternal family history of CHD might associate with fetal simple CHD.

Objective To provide the objective evidence for reducing stat test turnaround time (TAT) reasonably through the comparative analysis of different intervals of stat test TAT between emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU ) . Methods Laboratory information system was used to collect data about blood cell analysis and biochemical profiles of department of emergency and ICU from 1st January to 31th March ,2014 ,then comparatively analyzing different intervals of stat test TAT be‐tween two departments .Results TAT outlier rates of stat CBC tests ordered by ED and ICU were 2 .4% and 15 .1% ,and that of stat biochemical profiles ordered by ED and ICU were 12 .3% and 24 .5% ,respectively .there were no significant differences in mean times between order‐to‐receipt of stat CBC tests and biochemical profiles ordered by ED and collection‐to‐receipt of stat CBC tests and biochemical profiles ordered by ICU [(11 .2 ± 4 .0) min vs .(11 .2 ± 4 .5) min ,P>0 .05 ;(13 .2 ± 14 .1)min vs .(13 .8 ± 9 .8) min ,P>0 .05] .ED had significantly shorter mean time of receipt‐to‐report than ICU for stat CBC tests and biochemical profile [(5 .8 ± 4 .4) min vs .(19 .3 ± 12 .5) min ,P<0 .01 ;(34 .4 ± 10 .9) min vs .(35 .5 ± 13 .2) min ,P>0 .01] .The TAT mean times of stat CBC tests and biochemical profiles ordered by ED were shorter than those ordered by ICU [(17 .0 ± 6 .2) min vs .(30 .5 ± 14 .9) min ,P<0 .01 ;(46 .9 ± 17 .2) min vs .(49 .3 ± 16 .5) min ,P<0 .01] .Conclusion The ED TATs for CBC tests and biochemical pro‐files are reasonably set ,and each interval of the ED TATs is well controlled .The ICU TATs for CBCs and biochemical profiles should be reset ,and the process of stat test for ICU should be optimized .

Objective To verify the clinical applicability of the published standard intervals of routine clinical chemistry (WS/T404 .1‐2012 ,WS/T404 .2‐2012) based on the health examination results of Han and Uygur populations in Urumqi .Methods This was a retrospective study .The results of serum TP ,ALB ,ALT ,AST ,ALP ,GGT from healthy examination individuals of Han and Uygur populations (from 2013 August to 2015 January) were collected and the healthy cases (age range:20 -79 years old) were chosen to calculate the 2 .5% and 97 .5% percentiles ,excluding the significant abnormal results according to the Medical Deciding Level 2 recommended by Staland .The percents of health cases not falling in the published standard interval were calculated to meet the judgment criterion of verification (<10% ) .Results The test of normality revealed that the Han and Uygur's results of all veri‐fied items were skewed distributions .The 2 .5% and 97 .5% percentiles of the results of two populations were as follows ,TP(Han 65 -81 g/L ;Uygur 64-81 g/L) ,ALB(Han 41-53 g/L ;Uygur 40-52 g/L) ,ALT(Han:male 9-51 U/L and female 7-42 U/L ;Uygur:male 9-53 U/L and female 6-43 U/L) ,AST(Han:male 14-42 U/L and female 12-37 U/L ,Uygur:male 12-42 U/L and female 12-38 U/L) ,ALP(Han:male 45-119 U/L ;Uygur:male 47-122 U/L) ,ALP(female 20-49 years old:Han 35-95 U/L and Uygur 40-104 U/L) ,ALP(female 50-79 years old:Han 43-131 U/L and Uygur 51-132 U/L) ,GGT(Han:male 11-71 U/L and female 8-54 U/L ;Uygur :male 11 -73 U/L and female 7 -55 U/L ) .The percents of AST results for Han's male , Uygur's male and Uygur's female not falling in the published standard reference interval were slightly over 10% ,but AST results o‐ver 10% were mainly under the lower limit of the published standard reference interval .The health case percents for the other veri‐fied items of Han and Uygur populations not falling in the published standard reference interval were under 10% .Conclusion The published standard reference intervals of routine clinical chemistry (WS/T404 .1‐2012 ,WS/T404 .2‐2012) are applicable in our la‐boratory for the detection of Han and Uygur population .

AIM: To study the effects of fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) on directional differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) into odontoblasts and pulp tissue.METHODS: hDPSCs were isolated and cultured, and identified with flow cytometry by detecting cell surface markers of hDPSCs.FGF8 at concentration of 50 μg/L was added into the mineralization fluid to induce the differentiation of the hDPSCs.The mRNA expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone sialoprotein (BSP) and core-binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa-1) in differentiated cells was detected by real-time PCR.FGF8 and mouse E11.5 dental epithelium formed restructuring cell group with hDPSCs, and then the restructuring cell group was transplanted under renal capsule membrane in nude mice for tissue culture.DNA in situ hybridization was used to identify the sources of odontoblasts and pulp cells.RESULTS: The surface markers of CD29 and CD90 showed positive in isolated hDPSCs.FGF8 induced hDPSCs to form a distinct mineralization nodule, and the expression of dentin-specific proteins, DSPP, BSP and Cbfa-1, was increased.hDPSCs were induced to differentiate into odontoblasts and pulp cells by E11.5 dental epithelium and FGF8.CONCLUSION: FGF8 can assist dental epithelium to induce directional differetiation of hDPSCs into odontoblasts and pulp cells, and formation of dentin and dental pulp cavity structure.

Objective To compare differences of clinical factors related to early pregnancy loss between invitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment and natural pegnancy. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the 363 cases of early pregnancy loss between Dec. 2015 to May 2016 in Peking University Third Hospital, during which 173 cases were after IVF-ET treatment(IVF-ET group), and others were natural pregnancies(natural group). Results The average age in IVF-ET group was significantly higher than that in the natural group [(34.1±4.3)versus(31.8±4.1)years old, P<0.01]. The terminating time of pregnancy loss in IVF-ET group was short than that in the natural group [(59.8±9.2) versus(69.9 ± 11.1)days, P<0.01]. The incidence of embryo abnormal chromosome in IVF-ET group was significantly lower than that in the natural group [57.2%(99/173)versus 74.2%(141/190), P<0.01], during which abnormal chromosome numbers were the most common. Conclusions The pregnancy loss of early pregnancy is mainly caused by chromosome abnormality. The proportion of chromosome abnormality in early pregnancy loss after IVF-ET is not higher than that of natural pregnancy, indicating that there are relatively reliable gametes and embryo safety in IVF treatment.

Objective To understand the prevalence rate and related factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among elderly people aged more than 65 years old in the 66th regiment of the fourth division of A Crops in Xinjiang .Methods A total of 2 030 elderly people aged more than 65 years old in the 66th regiment of the fourth division of XPCC were distributed in 6 communities . Totally 334 permanent residents aged more than 65 years old were chosen from 2 communities by the stratified random sampling method .The renal injury indicators and related factors were detected .Results Among 329 residents with intact data ,after the age correction ,the prevalence rate of albuminuria ,hematuria and renal function decrease were 22 .2% ,14 .2% ,4 .9% ,respectively .The prevalence rate of CKD in this group was 32 .8% ,CKD stage 1―3 were dominated .The awareness rate was 15 .1% .The multiva‐riate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender and hypertension were independently associated with CKD .Conclusion The prevalence rate of CKD among elderly people aged over 65 years old in the 66th regiment of the fourth division of this Crops is high‐er .The related factors are gender and hypertension .

An integrated segmentation method for 3D ultrasound carotid artery was proposed. 3D ultrasound image was sliced into transverse, coronal and sagittal 2D images on the carotid bifurcation point. Then, the three images were processed respectively, and the carotid artery contours and thickness were obtained finally. This paper tries to overcome the disadvantages of current computer aided diagnosis method, such as high computational complexity, easily introduced subjective errors et al. The proposed method could get the carotid artery overall information rapidly, accurately and completely. It could be transplanted into clinical usage for atherosclerosis diagnosis and prevention.
Algorithms ; Angiography ; methods ; Carotid Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo observe autophagy induced by starvation in non-small cell lung cancer A459 and 95D cells.

METHODSA549 and 95D cells in logarithmic growth in 1640 medium were cultured in Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 h. Autophagosome formation in the cell culture was observed by MDC fluorescent staining, and the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin1 in the cells were detected using Western blotting.

RESULTSCompared with the control cells, the cells with prolonged starvation showed increased MDC-positive cells and autophagosome formation. The expression of Beclin-1 and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio also increased as the starvation prolonged, reaching the peak levels at 3 h and 4 h, respectively.

CONCLUSIONAutophagy can be induced by starvation in A549 and 95D cells in correlation with the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin-1. These cell models of nutritional deficiency-induced autophagy may allow for a better understanding of the role of autophagy in the development of non-small cell lung cancer.

Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Autophagy ; Beclin-1 ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism

Objective:To determine the mechanical properties of our self-designed novel cross-locking intramedullary nails and the impact of number of conical locking nails on the fixation through a finite element analysis and specimen experiments.Methods:Mimics 19.0 and SolidWorks 2014 were used to create transverse fracture models of the olecranon which were subjected to fixation with respectively K-wire tension band (KTB) and our self-designed novel cross-locking intramedullary nails (NIN). The strengths of KTB and NIN fixation were analyzed by Ansys. Fifteen human ulna specimens were used to construct a transverse fracture model of the olecranon; an Instron E10000 mechanical testing machine was used to determine mechanical properties in fixation respectively with KTB, one NIN (NIN-1) and 3 NINs (NIN-3).Results:In the finite element analysis, in simulation of the forearm flexed at 45° under a 100 N load, the deformation of the fracture surface of the olecranon in fixation with KTB, NIN-1 and NIN-3 was respectively 0.131 mm, 0.123 mm and 0.121 mm. In the specimen experiments, in simulation of the forearm flexed at 45°, the maximum failure loads for fixation with KTB, NIN-1 and NIN-3 were (313.38±27.68) N, (528.56±53.58) N and (871.04±94.95) N, respectively, showing significant differences among the 3 groups ( P<0.05). The maximum failure load for NIN-3 fixation was significantly greater than that for KTB or NIN-1 fixation, and the maximum failure load for NIN-1 fixation was significantly greater than that for KTB fixation ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with KTB fixation, NIN fixation is more convenient in operation and has better mechanical properties. NIN-3 fixation has the best mechanical properties.