Clinical research progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) on treatment of diabetic nephropathy in recent ten years was explained from aspects of pathogen and pathogenesis, patterns classification of TCM, Chinese herbal Compound, single drug and the extractive. And the result showed a good therapeutic effect on early stage of TCM treatment for diabetes mellitus which was worthy to be popularized.

The content of total alkaloid in the seed of Peganum harmala L. was determined by bro-mophenol blue colorimetry. It could be considered that this is a specific, quick and simple method for thedetermination of total alkaloid in the seed of P. harmala.

The background,features,dimension and contents of 22 international appraisal tools for clinical guidelines were analyzed,and their history,evolution,rules and problems were described,in order to provide the evidence for developing appraisal tools for domestic clinical guidelines. In the study,it was found that the guideline evaluation tools have been classified and there is a constant strive to achieve the balance between comprehensiveness and practicability. But the existing evaluation tools are insufficient for clinical practical contents of guidelines. The scoring system should be improved. In addition,conflicts of interest,value choice and patients' involvement should be considered increasingly, and should become an important part of the guideline evaluation tools.

Objective:To investigate internalized and externalized behavioral problems in children with leukemia and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods:A total of 121 children match the inclusion and exclusion criteria with leukemia hospitalized in Hematology and Oncology Department of 3 hospitals in Zhengzhou city from November 2021 to March 2022 were recruited through a cluster sampling method.The general information questionnaire, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (parent version), Psychological Adaptation Scale, Perceived Social Support Questionnaire and Zarit Burden Interview were used for investigation.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of internalized and externalized behavioral problems in children with leukemia.Results:Among 121 children with leukemia, there were 72 males and 49 females, with the age of (7.16 ± 3.18) years.The total score of interna-lized and externalized behavioral problems in 121 children with leukemia was (6.12±3.13) points and (5.49±2.92) points, respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that burden of care ( β=0.412, P<0.001), family support ( β=-0.242, P=0.003) and monthly household income per capita ( β=-0.167, P=0.036) were the influencing factors of internalized behavioral problems in children with leukemia.Burden of care ( β=0.360, P<0.001), social integration ( β=-0.223, P=0.008) and caregiver age ( β=-0.176, P=0.035) were the influencing factors of externalized behavioral problems in children with leukemia. Conclusions:Children with leukemia suffer severe internalized and externalized behavioral problems.Burden of care of the caregiver, family support and social integration are predictors of adverse emotional and behavioral problems in children.

Objective To explore the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism,environmental factor and their interactions on antidepressant treatment.Methods 340 patients of major depressive disorder (MDD) who met the diagnosis criteria of MDD ( DSM-Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ) were recruited.280 patients of them were finished 12 weeks antidepressant treatment.The severity of depression was measured with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) before and after 12 weeks antidepressant treatment.Childhood Trauma Questionnaire,28-item Short Form (CTQ-SF) and Life Events Scale (LES) were used to evaluate childhood adverse and life stress before onset.Genotyping of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism was detected by Illumina GoldenGate assays.Results Male patients proportion were significantly higher in non-remitters than remitters (P =0.008 ).After adjusting by gender, the frequencies of genotype and allele for the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism were no significant difference between remitters (AA: AG: GG = 28: 79: 40, A:G = 135:159 ) and non-remitters (AA: AG: GG = 29:81:23 ,A: G = 139:127 ) (P ＞0.05 ).There was no significant difference of CTQ scores and LES scores between the two groups (P＞0.05 ).The regression analysis showed that social intercourse problem and age were the risk factor for the severity of depression.The gender, HDRS baseline scores and mental disorder family history were associated with the efficacy of 12 weeks antidepressant.However,there was no significantly relationship between the interaction of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and environment with the antidepressant treatment.Conclusion The older men with the mental disorder family history, severe depression symptom would be less-response to antidepressant treatment.However, BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, childhood trauma, life events stress and the interaction of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and environment have no significantly effect on the 12 weeks antidepressant treatment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents from roots of Boehmeria nivea.

METHODThe constituents were isolated by repeated column chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography; and their structures were elucidated by chemical properties and spectroscopic analyses.

RESULTSeven compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as tormentic acid (1), hederagenin (2), maslinic acid (3), 2alpha-hydroxyursolic acid (4), trans-p-hydroxycinamic acid (5), 2,4,4'-trihydroxychalcone (6), rutin (7).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-6 were obtained from this genus for the first time.

Boehmeria ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; analysis

Aim To study the mechanism of DSF-Cu induced apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 Z cells by affecting the function of mitochondria and cytoskeleton. Methods The cell cycle,the rate of apotosis,the levels of intracellular ROS and MMP in CNE-2 Z cells were tested by flow cytometry after trea-ted with different concentration of DSF-Cu. The chan-ges of the cell surface morphology, ultrastructure, cell height, width and roughness were detected by AFM. The distribution and reorganization of cytoskeleton F-actin were observed by Laser scanning confocal micro-scope. Results Cells were incubated with different concentration of DSF-Cu ( 0 ~200 nmol · L-1 ) for 24 h, the apoptotic ratio increased significantly and the treatment of DSF-Cu resulted in a concentration-de-pendent accumulation of CNE-2Z cells in G2/M phase. Furthermore,the treatment of DSF-Cu was able to in-crease the production of intracellular ROS and decrease the MMP in CNE-2Z cells. In addition,AFM imaging showed that compared to the control group,with the in-crease of DSF-Cu concentration,the CNE-2Z cells be-came smaller, cytoplasm condensed, the height in-creased,and the surface roughness reduced. Moreover, the filopodia became shorter, shrinked and even com-pletely destroyed after treated with different concentra-tion of DSF-Cu. At last,the LSCM image showed that the fluorescence intensity of F-actin networks was de-creased, then the structure was rearranged and de-stroyed obviously by treated with DSF-Cu. Conclusion DSF-Cu can induce apoptosis and arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase in CNE-2Z cell through a mitochondria-dependent pathway. Above findings highlight the appli-cations of AFM at the single cell level for the investiga-tion of antineoplastic drug in nasopharyngeal carcinoma therapy.

Objective:To investigate the value of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP-6) in prediction of rapidly progressive puberty(RPP) in girls.Methods:The data of 750 girls who visited the Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetic Disorders, Children′s Hospital of Soochow University from August 2017 to October 2018 because of breast development were retrospectively analyzed.After following up these girls for 6 months to 1 year, those who were lost to follow up, received early treatment and failed to meet the inclusion criteria were excluded.The remaining 138 girls were divided into the central precocious puberty group (CPP, 32 cases), the early puberty with RPP group (EP-RPP, 33 cases), the early puberty with slow progression puberty group (EP-SPP, 32 cases) and RPP group (41 cases) according to the inclusion criteria.The healthy control group consisted of 33 undeveloped girls aged 8 to 9 who underwent physical examination in the same hospital over the same period.The serum concentrations of IGF-1, DHEAS, AMH and BMP-6 were measured.The general information, clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results and radiological features were compared among different groups.Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 22.0, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to investigate the value of IGF-1, DHEAS, AMH and BMP-6 in prediction of RPP.Results:(1)The serum follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) peak value was 15.10(13.86-19.80) IU/L in the EP-SPP group, 11.99(9.18-16.16) IU/L in the EP-RPP group and 11.43(9.37-15.63) IU/L in the RPP group.The ratio of serum FSH/luteinizing hormone(LH) peak values was 3.20(2.44-4.58) in the EP-SPP group, 1.86(1.05-3.16) in the EP-RPP group and 0.76(0.49-0.99) in the RPP group.The serum FSH peak value and the ratio of serum FSH/LH peak values in the EP-SPP group were significant higher than those in the EP-RPP group(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum FSH peak value between the EP-RPP group and the RPP group( P>0.05). (2)The serum IGF-1 levels of the healthy control group, EP-SPP group, EP-RPP group, CPP group and RPP group were 166.00(126.50-188.00) μg/L, 199.00(170.50-262.50) μg/L, 252.00(233.00-291.50) μg/L, 288.00(252.00-376.00) μg/L and 382.00(264.0-499.50) μg/L, respectively.The serum IGF-1 levels of the EP-SPP group, EP-RPP group, CPP group and RPP group were all significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (all P<0.05). The serum IGF-1 levels in the EP-RPP group were higher than those in the EP-SPP group( P<0.01). As the puberty rapidly progressed, the serum IGF-1 levels gradually increased.The RPP group had the highest IGF-1 levels, and the difference in IGF-1 levels between the RPP group and EP-RPP group was statistically significant( P<0.01). (3)The serum DHEAS levels were 41.65(14.80-59.88) μg/L in the healthy control group, 42.50(30.15-79.83) μg/L in the EP-SPP group, 52.32(43.08-98.54) μg/L in the CPP group, 63.30(34.00-81.55) μg/L in the EP-RPP group and 70.89(51.85-100.02) μg/L in the RPP group.The DHEAS levels of the healthy control group, EP-RPP group and RPP group gradually increased.The RPP group had the highest DHEAS levels.There was significant difference in DHEAS levels among the healthy control group, EP-RPP group and RPP group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in DHEAS levels among the EP-SPP group, CPP group and EP-RPP group( P>0.05). (4)The serum AMH and BMP-6 levels in the EP-RPP group, EP-SPP group, RPP group, CPP group and healthy control group were not significantly different( P>0.05). (5)The area under the ROC curve of serum IGF-1 levels was 0.765, the cut-off value was 232.5 μg/L, the specificity for the cut-off value was 83.30%, and the sensitivity was 75.00%.The combined area under the ROC curve of the serum FSH peak value and the ratio of serum FSH/LH peak values was 0.795. Conclusions:Serum IGF-1 levels and the combination of the serum FSH peak value and the ratio of serum FSH/LH peak values can be used as effective indicators of slowly and rapidly progressive puberty in early adolescent girls.Serum DHEAS cannot be used as an early warning index of RPP, but it plays a critical role in the regulation of puberty initiation and process.Serum DHEAS levels may be related to the Tanner stage.

Objective:To explore the current situation of emotional and behavioral problems in children with hematological tumors, and the relationship with caregivers′ coping styles and family cohesion.Methods:Using cross-sectional study design and cluster sampling method, caregivers of children with hematological tumors hospitalized in hematology department of five third-class hospitals in Zhengzhou from November 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the respondents. The strengths and difficulties questionnaire (parent version), simple coping style questionnaire, family cohesion scale and self-made general information questionnaire were used for questionnaire survey. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 24.0 software using Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 237 questionnaires were distributed and 214 valid questionnaires were collected. The abnormal detection rates of total difficulty score, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer interaction problems and prosocial behavior were 17.8%, 22.9%, 10.7%, 8.4%, 39.7% and 13.6% respectively. The results of correlation analysis showed that caregivers′ positive coping was negatively correlated with the total score of difficulties, hyperactivity and peer interaction problems ( r=-0.186, -0.153, -0.174, all P<0.05), and positively correlated with the score of prosocial behavior ( r=0.214, P<0.05). Caregivers′ negative coping was positively correlated with the total score of difficulties, emotional symptoms and hyperactivity ( r=0.203, 0.204, 0.170, all P<0.05). Family cohesion was negatively correlated with the total score of difficulties, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity and peer interaction problems ( r=-0.254, -0.225, -0.183, -0.137, -0.195, all P<0.05), and positively correlated with prosocial behavior ( r=0.235, P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that positive coping of caregivers was a protective factor of peer interaction in children ( β=-0.050, OR=0.951, 95% CI=0.907-0.996), while family intimacy was also a protective factor for children with prosocial behavior ( β=-0.045, OR=0.956, 95% CI=0.923-0.991). Conclusion:The emotional and behavior problems of children with hematological tumors are serious, and the positive coping of caregivers and family cohesion have certain predictive value for the occurrence of negative emotional behavior problems in children, so medical staff should take corresponding measures to reduce the occurrence of emotional and behavior problems in children.

Objective: The therapeutic effect of acid fibroblast growth factor 1(FGF1) on rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) was evaluated by using nano-liposomes combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technique (UTMD). Methods: The FGF1-loaded nano-liposomes were prepared by water-in-water emulsion method combined with lyophilization technique.TypeⅠdiabetes model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 70 mg/kg) in 60 male SD rats.Sixteen weeks later, diabetic rats were randomly divided into: placebo group (saline treatment), FGF1 group, FGF1-loaded nano-liposomes group, and FGF1-loaded nano-liposomes plus UTMD group (n=15 each). After two weeks of intervention followed by 2 weeks intervention stop, all rats underwent cardiac catheterization, and the left ventricular end-systolic pressure (LVESP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and the maximal increase/decrease rate of left ventricular pressure (LV±dp/dtmax) were measured.Then, the rats were sacrificed and myocardial tissue were obtained for Masson trichrome staining, TUNEL apoptotic staining and CD31 immunohistochemistry staining to quantify myocardial collagen fraction (CVF), cardiac myocyte apoptotic index and myocardial microvascular density (MVD). Results: (1)Scanning electron microscope results revealed good morphology and FGF1 encapsulation efficiency (84.3±2.8)% with high stability and dispensability of FGF1 loaded nano-liposomes.(2)The hemodynamic evaluation showed that LVESP, LV + dp/dt_max and LV -dp/dt_max were all significantly higher, while LVEDP was significantly lower in the FGF1-loaded nano-liposome+ UTMD group than in DCM group, FGF1 solution group, and FGF1 nano-liposome group(all P<0.05). (3)The Masson trichrome staining demonstrated that CVF was significantly higher in all DCM groups than in control group and was significantly lower in the FGF1-loaded nano-liposome+ UTMD group than in DCM group, FGF1 solution group, and FGF1 nano-liposome group (all P<0.05). (4)The CD31 immunohistochemical staining results showed that MVD was significantly lower in all DCM groups than in control group and was significantly higher in the FGF1-loaded nano-liposome+ UTMD group than in DCM group, FGF1 solution group, and FGF1 nano-liposome group (all P<0.05). (5)The TUNEL results showed that apoptotic index was significantly higher in all DCM groups than in control group and was significantly lower in the FGF1-loaded nano-liposome + UTMD group than in DCM group, FGF1 solution group, and FGF1 nano-liposome group (all P<0.05). Conclusion FGF1 nano-liposomes combining with UTMD technique can significantly improve cardiac functions and attenuate myocardial CVF and apoptosis and enhance myocardial MVD in DCM rats.