BACKGROUND:Breast cancer stem cels are relatively special cels in the body, which have the self-renewal and multi-differentiation ability to promote tumor formation and development, and maintain tumor growth for a long-term. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the expression of resistance proteins of breast cancer stem cels.
OBJECTIVE:To isolate breast cancer stem cels from human breast cancer tissues, to observe their differentiation and morphology characteristics and to analyze their resistance proteins.
METHODS:Thirty tumor samples of breast invasive ductal carcinoma were selected to separate single cel suspension using mechanical separation method, and breast cancer stem cels and differentiated cels were sorted with two-step immunomagnetic bead method. Two-step immunocytochemistry method was used to detect the expression of resistance proteins in breast cancer stem cels.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Percentage of breast cancer stem cels had no significant correlations with age, long diameter of the tumor, lymph node metastasis and histological grading (P > 0.05). P-gp and GST-π positive rates in the breast cancer stem cels were significantly higher than those in the differentiated cels (P < 0.05); while TopoII and LRP positive rates in the breast cancer stem cels were significantly lower than those in the differentiated cels (P < 0.05). To conclude, breast cancer stem cels show stronger drug resistance than the differentiated cels by highly expressing P-gp and GST-π and lowly expressing TopoII and LRP, which may be the key reason for chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer.

Objective To determine the expression of metastasis-associated gene 2 ( MTA2 ) and p53 in colorectal cancer and non-cancerous mucosa, analyze their relationship with clinicopathological parameters, and discuss the clinical significance. Methods 120 colorectal neoplasm patients' cancer tissues and clinical information were col-lected from the first affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university. 30 patients of them were chosen to collect non-cancerous mucosa which was 5 cm away from the tumor. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the ex-pression of MTA2 and p53. According to the clinicopathological parameters, the positive and negative expression of MTA2, p53 were counted each group, discussed the relationship between positive expression and clinicopathologi-cal parameters by SPSS 19.0 . Results The immunohistochemistry showed that the positive expression rate of MTA2 was 59.16%, and the positive expression rate of p53 was 61.67%. The expression of MTA2 and p53 in colorectal cancer were significantly higher than non-cancerous mucosa ( P<0.05 ) . The MTA2 expression was positively cor-related with the depth of invasion, lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM stages (P<0.05). The p53 protein expression was positively correlated with depth of invasion and lymphatic metastasis ( P<0.05 ) . Conclu-sion MTA2 could be used as a new clinical biomarker and therapeutic target for colorectal cancer probably, which might be more effective than p53 .

Objective To explore the preventive and therapeutic effect of recombinant human interleukin-11(rhIL-11) on thrombocytopenia in children with non-lymphocytic leukemia after chemotherapy.Methods Sixteen children who had non-lymphocytic leukemia were divided into 2 groups by randomization,including a therapeutic group and a control group.RhIL-11[50 ?g/(kg?d)] was injected subcutaneously 24 h after chemiotherapy in the therapeutic group,and applied consecutively 10-14 days,and the control group was treated without RhIL-11.Duration of the thrombocytopenia,infusion of blood platelet,diversity of blood platelets counts and adverse effect were observed of the 2 groups.Differences between groups were examined using statistics analysis.Results There were 16 case-times(59.3%) in the therapeutic group that of could be cured without platelet transfusion,but that of control group only had 3 case-times(14.3%);the diffe-rence between 2 groups was significant(P

Purpose Accurate diagnosis of triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) tear is very important for treatment. MRI is most used for diagnosing TFC tear. This paper aims to evaluate MRI and MR arthrography (MRA) for diagnosing TFC tear by meta-analysis. Materials and Methods The articles were searched in the databases such as Wanfang, VIP, CNKI, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase and PubMed. The QUADAS items were used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Heterogeneity of the included articles was tested. The pooled weighted sensitivity and specificity of MRI and MRA in diagnosing TFC tear were calculated, and the pooled receiver operation curve was drawn. Results Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria, 2 were Chinese articles and 13 were English articles. The subjects and methods of the articles were different and existed heterogeneity. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI for diagnosing TFC tear were 0.66 (95% CI 0.61-0.71) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.69-0.81), and those of MRA were 0.80 (95% CI 0.73-0.87) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.74-0.93). The area under curve and Q* index of SROC of MRI were 0.8566 and 0.7875, respectively. The area under curve and Q* index of SROC of MRA were 0.9123 and 0.8446, respectively. Conclusion The accuracy of TFC tear avulsion for MRA are higher than for MRI, when there is unclear of TFC avulsion using MRI, MRA can be used for diagnosis.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.012

BACKGROUND:A novel galactosylated alginate-chitosan oligomer microcapsule has been prepared successful y. There is no report on hepatocytes encapsulated into the microcapsule prepared with chitosan oligomer and alginate sodium.
OBJECTIVE:To study the structure and properties of the previous novel galactosylated alginate-chitosan oligomer microcapsule, and then explore the morphology and function expression of the hepatocytes encapsulated.
METHODS:The membrane structure and thickness of the microcapsule (containing 50%or 30%galactosylated alginate) were observed using a laser confocal microscopy. Mechanical property was determined by mechanical rupture rate. Permeability was evaluated by release profile of fluoresceine isothiocyanate-labeled human serum albumin and immunoglobulin G. The morphology of hepatocytes in the microcapsule was observed using an inverted phase contrast microscopy. Function expression of the hepatocytes included albumin secretion and urea synthesis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The microcapsule had an asymmetry structure, with dense inner and loosened outer surfaces. With the increase of the galactosylated alginate, the membrane became loose, which indicated the negative charge on the alginate molecular chains was weakened after introduction of galactose, and thus electrostatic complex was affected. Mechanical property was correlated with both membrane structure and thickness. With the increase of the galactosylated alginate, the membrane structure became loose and the thickness was decreased, resulting in poor mechanical properties. The permeability was dependent mainly on the pore size of the skin layer of the membrane other than the loose sublayer. The prepared microcapsule can selectively pass through the human serum albumin and cut off immunoglobulin G, indicating skin pore size between human serum albumin and immunoglobulin G. The hepatocytes can form sphere assemble in the galactosylated alginate-chitosan oligomer microcapsule and exhibit improved albumin secretion and urea synthesis compared to the control in the alginate-chitosan oligomer microcapsule.

Objective To develop the specific module of quality of life instrument for patients with esophageal cancer. Methods with the structured group ( nominal group and focus group) methods and the qualitative and quantitative theory and methodology in developing rating scales, items were preliminary screened, evaluated and modified. And the data measuring from 28 cases of esophageal cancer patients and 25 doctors/nurses were analyzed by 4 statistical procedures: method of coefficient of variation, correlation analysis, patients'importance rating procedure and doctors' importance rating procedure. Results By above statistical procedures and advises of doctors, thus 19 - items specific module was formed finally. Conclusions The specific module developed on the strict procedures has good content representativeness and validity.

Particle radiotherapy using proton and heavier-ion beam was first proposed for clinical application by Robert Wilson in 1946. Compared to conventional photon radiation, proton and heavier-ion beam has significant physical advantage, and heavier-ion has unique biological characteristics. With the development of accelerator and radiation technique, it is being investigated for tumor treatment in many clinical centers. This article reviews the current status of clinical application of particle therapy using proton and heavier-ion beam in digestive system tumor.
Animals ; Digestive System Neoplasms ; therapy ; Heavy Ion Radiotherapy ; Heavy Ions ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Protons ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the value of diffusion-weighted MRI ,time of flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA) and 3D dynamic contrast enhanced MR angiography (3D DCE-MRA) in the diagnosis of transient ischemic attacks(TIA). Methods 176 consecutive patients with TIA were undergone MRI, including FLAIR,DWI,TOF-MRA and 3D CE-MRA sequences. Results Of 176 cases,48.9% of patients were found having hyperacute ischemic lesions by DWI sequence and 18.2% of lesions could be detected by T2WI.TOF-MRA showed arterial stenosis and occlusion in 76 cases(43.2%),false positive rate and excessive diagnosis were happened in 20 cases.3D CE-MRA of brain showed arterial stenosis and occlusion in 69 cases(39.2%).3 cases with aneurysm and 2 cases with arteriovenous malformation were detected by two methods.3D CE-MRA of neck showed arterial stenosis and occlusion in 38 cases(21.6%).Conclusion DWI and MRA are helpful in detecting the hyperacute ischemic lesion and evaluating the arterial lesions in the patients with TIA.

Objective To research the relationship between anaemia and inflammatory in patients with heart failure .Methods 284 cases of patients with heart failure were enrolled and divided into 2 groups (anaemia group and non‐anaemia group) .The serum levels of of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) ,high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) ,blood urine nitrogen (BUN) and creati‐nine (Crea) were measured ,and the results were analyzed .Results The levels of BNP ,hs‐CRP and Crea of anaemia group were sig‐nificantly higher than those of non‐anaemic group (P<0 .01) .The results of logistic regression demonstrated that hs‐CRP was in‐dependently associated with anaemia (P=0 .021) .Conclusion The occurrence and development of inflammation are independently associated with anaemia in the patients with heart failure .