BACKGROUND:Breast cancer stem cels are relatively special cels in the body, which have the self-renewal and multi-differentiation ability to promote tumor formation and development, and maintain tumor growth for a long-term. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the expression of resistance proteins of breast cancer stem cels.
OBJECTIVE:To isolate breast cancer stem cels from human breast cancer tissues, to observe their differentiation and morphology characteristics and to analyze their resistance proteins.
METHODS:Thirty tumor samples of breast invasive ductal carcinoma were selected to separate single cel suspension using mechanical separation method, and breast cancer stem cels and differentiated cels were sorted with two-step immunomagnetic bead method. Two-step immunocytochemistry method was used to detect the expression of resistance proteins in breast cancer stem cels.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Percentage of breast cancer stem cels had no significant correlations with age, long diameter of the tumor, lymph node metastasis and histological grading (P > 0.05). P-gp and GST-π positive rates in the breast cancer stem cels were significantly higher than those in the differentiated cels (P < 0.05); while TopoII and LRP positive rates in the breast cancer stem cels were significantly lower than those in the differentiated cels (P < 0.05). To conclude, breast cancer stem cels show stronger drug resistance than the differentiated cels by highly expressing P-gp and GST-π and lowly expressing TopoII and LRP, which may be the key reason for chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer.

Objective To determine the expression of metastasis-associated gene 2 ( MTA2 ) and p53 in colorectal cancer and non-cancerous mucosa, analyze their relationship with clinicopathological parameters, and discuss the clinical significance. Methods 120 colorectal neoplasm patients' cancer tissues and clinical information were col-lected from the first affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university. 30 patients of them were chosen to collect non-cancerous mucosa which was 5 cm away from the tumor. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the ex-pression of MTA2 and p53. According to the clinicopathological parameters, the positive and negative expression of MTA2, p53 were counted each group, discussed the relationship between positive expression and clinicopathologi-cal parameters by SPSS 19.0 . Results The immunohistochemistry showed that the positive expression rate of MTA2 was 59.16%, and the positive expression rate of p53 was 61.67%. The expression of MTA2 and p53 in colorectal cancer were significantly higher than non-cancerous mucosa ( P<0.05 ) . The MTA2 expression was positively cor-related with the depth of invasion, lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM stages (P<0.05). The p53 protein expression was positively correlated with depth of invasion and lymphatic metastasis ( P<0.05 ) . Conclu-sion MTA2 could be used as a new clinical biomarker and therapeutic target for colorectal cancer probably, which might be more effective than p53 .

Objective To explore the preventive and therapeutic effect of recombinant human interleukin-11(rhIL-11) on thrombocytopenia in children with non-lymphocytic leukemia after chemotherapy.Methods Sixteen children who had non-lymphocytic leukemia were divided into 2 groups by randomization,including a therapeutic group and a control group.RhIL-11[50 ?g/(kg?d)] was injected subcutaneously 24 h after chemiotherapy in the therapeutic group,and applied consecutively 10-14 days,and the control group was treated without RhIL-11.Duration of the thrombocytopenia,infusion of blood platelet,diversity of blood platelets counts and adverse effect were observed of the 2 groups.Differences between groups were examined using statistics analysis.Results There were 16 case-times(59.3%) in the therapeutic group that of could be cured without platelet transfusion,but that of control group only had 3 case-times(14.3%);the diffe-rence between 2 groups was significant(P

Purpose Accurate diagnosis of triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) tear is very important for treatment. MRI is most used for diagnosing TFC tear. This paper aims to evaluate MRI and MR arthrography (MRA) for diagnosing TFC tear by meta-analysis. Materials and Methods The articles were searched in the databases such as Wanfang, VIP, CNKI, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase and PubMed. The QUADAS items were used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Heterogeneity of the included articles was tested. The pooled weighted sensitivity and specificity of MRI and MRA in diagnosing TFC tear were calculated, and the pooled receiver operation curve was drawn. Results Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria, 2 were Chinese articles and 13 were English articles. The subjects and methods of the articles were different and existed heterogeneity. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI for diagnosing TFC tear were 0.66 (95% CI 0.61-0.71) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.69-0.81), and those of MRA were 0.80 (95% CI 0.73-0.87) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.74-0.93). The area under curve and Q* index of SROC of MRI were 0.8566 and 0.7875, respectively. The area under curve and Q* index of SROC of MRA were 0.9123 and 0.8446, respectively. Conclusion The accuracy of TFC tear avulsion for MRA are higher than for MRI, when there is unclear of TFC avulsion using MRI, MRA can be used for diagnosis.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate which inflammatory markers allow an accurate differentiation of septic and gouty arthritis.Methods In 2013 January to 2014 January 33 patients with septic arthritis and 29 patients with gouty arthritis.Detected white blood cells,C-reactive protein and uric acid of inflammatory markers in plasma and tested lac-tate,glucose,uric acid,lactate dehydrogenase and white blood cell count inflammatory markers in the synovial fluid.MedCalc 13.0 software were used for statistical analysis.Results There were no significantly different between serum C-reaction protein and WBC counts with two groups.Synovial lactate showed the greatest diagnostic potential (AUC=0.898,sensitivi-ty=96.9%,specificity=72.4%)followed by serum uric acid (AUC=0.818)and synovial uric acid (AUC=0.808).Con-clusion Lactate in the synovial fluid has excellent diagnostic potential to differ septic arthritis from gouty arthritis.Synovial lactate levers above 1.7 mmol/L almost proofed septic arthritis.

BACKGROUND:A novel galactosylated alginate-chitosan oligomer microcapsule has been prepared successful y. There is no report on hepatocytes encapsulated into the microcapsule prepared with chitosan oligomer and alginate sodium.
OBJECTIVE:To study the structure and properties of the previous novel galactosylated alginate-chitosan oligomer microcapsule, and then explore the morphology and function expression of the hepatocytes encapsulated.
METHODS:The membrane structure and thickness of the microcapsule (containing 50%or 30%galactosylated alginate) were observed using a laser confocal microscopy. Mechanical property was determined by mechanical rupture rate. Permeability was evaluated by release profile of fluoresceine isothiocyanate-labeled human serum albumin and immunoglobulin G. The morphology of hepatocytes in the microcapsule was observed using an inverted phase contrast microscopy. Function expression of the hepatocytes included albumin secretion and urea synthesis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The microcapsule had an asymmetry structure, with dense inner and loosened outer surfaces. With the increase of the galactosylated alginate, the membrane became loose, which indicated the negative charge on the alginate molecular chains was weakened after introduction of galactose, and thus electrostatic complex was affected. Mechanical property was correlated with both membrane structure and thickness. With the increase of the galactosylated alginate, the membrane structure became loose and the thickness was decreased, resulting in poor mechanical properties. The permeability was dependent mainly on the pore size of the skin layer of the membrane other than the loose sublayer. The prepared microcapsule can selectively pass through the human serum albumin and cut off immunoglobulin G, indicating skin pore size between human serum albumin and immunoglobulin G. The hepatocytes can form sphere assemble in the galactosylated alginate-chitosan oligomer microcapsule and exhibit improved albumin secretion and urea synthesis compared to the control in the alginate-chitosan oligomer microcapsule.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.012

Objective To research the relationship between anaemia and inflammatory in patients with heart failure .Methods 284 cases of patients with heart failure were enrolled and divided into 2 groups (anaemia group and non‐anaemia group) .The serum levels of of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) ,high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) ,blood urine nitrogen (BUN) and creati‐nine (Crea) were measured ,and the results were analyzed .Results The levels of BNP ,hs‐CRP and Crea of anaemia group were sig‐nificantly higher than those of non‐anaemic group (P<0 .01) .The results of logistic regression demonstrated that hs‐CRP was in‐dependently associated with anaemia (P=0 .021) .Conclusion The occurrence and development of inflammation are independently associated with anaemia in the patients with heart failure .

Objective To study the damage of rat articular cartilage induced by different doses of T-2 toxin, and to explore the relationship between mini-dose T-2 toxin and articular cartilage damage. Methods A total of 120 Wistar rats, weighing 50 - 70 g, were randomly divided into four groups according to their body weights: T-2 toxin group 0(control), 100, 200, 300 μg/kg, 30 rats in each group. Animals in the control group were fed standard rat chow, and animals in the three T-2 toxin groups were fed T-2-toxin-contaminated chow (the dose was 100, 200, 300 μg/kg, respectively). After 6 months, rats were euthanized by ether asphyxiation. The bilateral knee joints were collected and section prepared. The articular cartilage was examined by light and electronic microscope. Results Light microscope showed, the rat articular chondrocytes were clear and arranged orderliness in the control group. The rat articular chondrocytes were disarranged in 100 μg/kg T-2 toxin group.Degeneration and necrosis were found in 200 μg/kg group. Chondrocytes were shrunken with hypereosinophilia cytoplasm and fragmented pyknotic nuclei, extensive areas of chondrocyte loss and chondrocyte clones were visible in 300 μg/kg group. Scanning electronic micrograph(SEM) showed, the rat articular chondrocytes were clear, well formed and arranged tidy in the control group. The surface of articular cartilage was rough in 100 μg/kg group.Collagen fasciculi ruptured and stacked up in 200 μg/kg group. Presented a typical articular dryness phenomenon,the cartilage surface collapsed and many pits appeared in 300 μg/kg group. Transmission electronic microscope (TEM) showed that chondrocytes were abundant with cytoplasm, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum in the control group; agglomerate chromatin scattered along the karyotheca, nuclear membrane was thickening, with vacuolar degeneration of the endoplasmic reticulum in the 100 μg/kg group; endoplasmic reticulum expended, with protein retention and organelles breaks in the 200 μg/kg group. A large number of chondrocytes lost organdles, the membrane structures disrupted and the cartilage matrix stromatolyzed in the 300 μg/kg group. Conclusions Within the range of 100 - 300 μg/kg, T-2 toxin induces dose-related articular cartilage injury, the greater the dose, the more serious damage.

Objective To develop the specific module of quality of life instrument for patients with esophageal cancer. Methods with the structured group ( nominal group and focus group) methods and the qualitative and quantitative theory and methodology in developing rating scales, items were preliminary screened, evaluated and modified. And the data measuring from 28 cases of esophageal cancer patients and 25 doctors/nurses were analyzed by 4 statistical procedures: method of coefficient of variation, correlation analysis, patients'importance rating procedure and doctors' importance rating procedure. Results By above statistical procedures and advises of doctors, thus 19 - items specific module was formed finally. Conclusions The specific module developed on the strict procedures has good content representativeness and validity.