The developments of domestic and foreign researches on mutagenesis of sulfur dioxide were briefly reviewed in this paper from different aspects: microbiological experiments, the experiments of cultured mammalian cells in vitro,experiments on mammal and population in vivo.

Objectives To observe the effect of rehabilitation robots with routine rehabilitation training on walking func -tion after stroke .Methods Sixty patients with stroke were randomly divided into treatment group and control group , 30 ca-ses in each group .The control group received routine rehabilitation training while the treatment group received routine reha -bilitation training by rehabilitation robots .The lower extremity functions ,balance and walking ability were assessed with a simplified Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) and using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) before treatment and after 12 weeks. Results Before treatment , neither the treatment group nor the control group showed any statistically significant difference in terms of FMA and BBS results (P>0.05).After 12 weeks′training, both groups showed significant improvement in terms of FMA and BBS results(P<0.05).The treatment group showed significantly better improvement in lower extremity function, balance and walking function than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Rehabilitation robots can signifi-cantly improve walking function in patients after stroke .

Background and purpose: Protein kinase P1k3 could increase the transcriptional activity of p53. However, the effect of P1k3 on the transcriptional activity of p73 is still unknown. Our study was to investigate the effect of P1k3 on the transcriptional activity of p73. Methods: Luciferase reporter assay, RT-PCR and colony formation assay were adopted to study the effect of P1k3 and kinase-deficient P1k3 (K52R) on the transcriptional activity of p73 in p53-deficient human lung carcinoma H1299 cells. Results: Luciferase reporter assay showed that p73 increased the luciferase activities induced by p21~(WAF1) and Bax promoters (P<0.05). After co-transfection with p73 and P1k3, the luciferase activities induced by p21~(WAF1) and Bax promotors were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner as compared with the group that transfected p73 only (P<0.05). However, kinase-deficient Plk3 (K52R) had no significant effect on the luciferase activities induced by p21~(WAF1) and Bax promoters (P>0.05). RT-PCR showed that p73 increased the mRNA expressions of p21~(WAF1) and BAX (P<0.05). P1k3 decreased the expressions of p21~(WAF1) and Bax induced by p73 (P<0.05). Kinase-deficient P1k3 (K52R) had no significant effect on the expressions of p21~(WAF1) and Bax induced by p73 (P>0.05). Colony formation assay revealed that p73 decreased the colony formation of H1299 cells (P<0.05). P1k3 decreased the inhibitory effect of p73 on the colony formation of H1299 cells (P<0.05). Kinase-deficient P1k3 (K52R) had no significant effect on the inhibitory effect of p73 on the colony formation of H1299 cells (P>0.05).Conclusion: P1k3 can inhibit the transcriptional activity of p73, where as kinase-deficient P1k3 has no effect on the transcriptional activity of p73.

Objective: To investigate the expressions of programmed death ligand 1（PD-L1）in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its correlation with angiogenesis. Methods: 120 cases of TNBC patients who underwent surgery in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from March 1, 2011 to June 1, 2012 were collected. The tumor tissues of patients were surgically resected and confirmed by pathology. PD-L1 protein expression in TNBC tissues of 120 patients was detected by tissue microarray combined with immunohistochemistry, and its relationship with various clinical indicators was analyzed. Blood vessels and lymphatic vessels were labeled withCD34andD2-40todetectmicrovesseldensity(MVD)andlymphaticvesseldensity(LVD)inTNBC.Results:Thepositiveexpression rate of PD-L1 in the tumor cells and interstitial infiltrating lymphocytes fromTNBC was 56.7% (68/120); No correlation was found between PD-L1 protein expression and the gender, age, histological grade, clinical stage, or tumor size of patients with TNBC (P>0.05), but related to the lymph node metastasis (P<0.05) and vascular thrombus (P<0.05). TNBC with high PD-L1 expression exhibited high incidence of lymph node metastasis and formation of vascular thrombus, and the expression of PD-L1 was positively correlated with MVD (r=0.500, P=0.02) as well as LVD (r=0.662, P=0.01). Log-Rank test showed that the survival time of TNBC patients with positive PD-L1 protein expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with negative expression (P<0.05). Cox multivariate analysis suggested that PD-L1 protein expression could be an independent prognostic factor for TNBC overall survival. Conclusion: PD-L1 plays an important role in TNBC angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, and is closely related to TNBC invasion and metastasis; blocking PD1/PD-L1 signal pathway is expected to be an effective new strategy for TNBC treatment.

A total of 181 cases of industrial ocular injuries hospitalized and treated at the St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul during the 5-year period was studied on their epidemiological characteristics. Of there patients 96.7% were males, and 43.6% were in twenties, 49.7% of the cases were injured on left eyes. There were no statistically significant differences in frequencies of study subjects by day of the week and month of the year. Most common injury hour were between 10- < 12 AM(13.6%) and between 2- < 4 PM(20%). Of the total 101 cases, 37.6% were working less than 6 months, and 73.7%, less than 2 years. Of the total, 42.3% were involved in machinery work and 13.9%, in construction work. According to the American National Standard Method of recording basic facts relating to the nature and occurrence of work injuries, 62% among all source of injuries was metal item and the most common accident type was struck by flying objects(76.2%). Among 181 cases, only 2 cases wearing protective equipment when the accidents occurred.
Diptera ; Humans ; Male ; Seoul

Data from a survey of 200 Billings Ovulation Method acceptors in Korea were used to describe a profile of these natural family planning acceptors, and to calculate use effectiveness rates for twelve months of use among women using the method for avoiding an unplanned pregnancy. The majority of acceptors were women of proven fertility who wanted to limit their family size, and many of them (79%) had previously used a family planning method. Fifty-six percent were Catholics, and those study subjects were above middle income group by Korean annual household income estimates. The mean number of living children the NFP acceptors had was 2.3 +/- 1.4 and the number of children they desired to have was 2.4 +/- 1.4. The cumulative life table rate for unplanned pregnancies at the end of 12 months of use was 7 (+/- 2.5 S.E.) per 100 women, and women ever attending the learning sessions as couples experienced relatively less unplanned pregnancies compared to those women attending the sessions alone.
Adult ; Family Planning Services/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Ovulation Detection/*methods

Objective To evaluate balloon angioplasty and stenting of the hepatic veins for the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome with long segmental inferior vena cava (IVC).Methods The hepatic veins were evaluated by colour Doppler,CT or MR.Epidiaphragmatic inferior vena cavography was performed to locate the stenused opening of the hepatic veins,in case of membrane occlusion of the hepatic veins,a puncture was attempted with Rups100 needle and then balloon dilation of the hepatic veins and stents implantation was carried out.Results In 40 cases of long segmental inferior vena cava ( IVC ) occlusive Budd-Chiari syndrome,membranous obstruction of the hepatic veins was found in 5 cases and short-segmental occlusion in 24 cases.28 cases were successfully treated with balloon dilation and stents implantation,including percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) of hepatic vein in 5 cases,and stent implantation in 23 cases,puncture procedure was failed in 1 case.Postoperative follow-up was made in 26 cases from 6 to 62 months ( mean,24.0 ± 1.3 months ).Symptoms recurred in 6 cases.Hepatic vein restenosis or occlusion were observed using color Doppler ultrasound in 6 cases.Conclusions Most lesions in hepatic veins were membranous obstruction or short-segmental occlusion among patients with long-segmental occlusion of IVC.Balloon angioplasty and stenting of hepatic veins for long segmental IVC occlusive Budd-Chiari syndrome through jugular vein can relieve hepatic venous obstruction and relieve portal hypertension.

Objective To evaluate a combination of interventional treatment and surgical exploration for acute lower limb ischemic disease.Methods We reviewed 42 cases admitted from July 2007 to January 2010,all patients complained pain,paralysis,pulselessness,pallor and paresthesia.After Fogarty thrombectomy angiography was taken in DSA room.Patients with angiostenosis greater than 50％ were then managed by interventional treatment(CDT,PTA,Stenting).Results Lives were saved in all patients,40 lower limbs were saved,and 2 patients received below knee amputation.The amputation rate was 4.76％.Dorsal or(and)posterior tibial artery of foot was felt in 33 patients,symptoms significantly improved.The other 7 patients still had painful and paralysis on the diseased limb.Conclusions The interventional treatment and surgical operation in acute lower limb ischemic disease is safe and result is satisfactory,which can improve the long-term patency and salvage rate of the lower limb.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of endovascular interventional treatment for infrapopliteal arterial ischemic diseases. Methods Sixty patients(65 limbs)of infrapopliteal arterial isehernia of the lower extremities received pereutancotm transluminal angioplasty(PTA)and/or stents implantation from November 2004 to July 2007.The symptoms,changes of ankle/brachial index(ABI),limb salvage rate and immediate patent rate were observed. Results PTA/stenting procedure was successful in 51 out of 60 patients(65 limbs)with the technical success rate of 83.3%.Symptoms were improved in 53 cases(88.3%)including complete symptom remission in 40 cases(66.7%),partial remission in 13 patients(21.7%).The procedure failed in 7 cases(11.6%).In successful cases,AB1 increased from preoperative 0.40±0.18 to postoperative 0.91±0.22(P＜0.01).The amputation below knee was performed in two cases and toe apodizers in four cases.The limb salvage rate was 91% during the same hospitalization.Discharged 54 cases were followed up with 14.5±1.2 months,during this period amputation above knee was performed in 2 cases,amputation below knee in 2 cases,and toe apodizers in 2 cases,with a limb salvage rate of 88.9%(48/54).Symptoms were recurrent in five cases,with recurrence rate of 9.2%.Vascular reocclusion or restenosis were found in 10 cases.the patent rate was 81.5% and the cumulative patent rate was 57.3% in one year. Conclusions Endovascular interventional treatment for infrapopliteal arterial ischemic disease is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the methods and efficacy of interventional treatment for subclavian arterial stenosis or occlusion retrospectively. Methods From Oct 2003 to Sop 2009,25 patients with subclavian arterial lesions , including stenosis in 13 cases and occlusion in 12 cases, underwent interventional treatment. Four patients received percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) alone, and concurrent 22 stents placement were performed in 20 cases. Results The technical success rate in stenotic lesions was 100% and in occluded lesions was 91.6% with a interventional failure in 1 case. Blood pressure increased significantly after interventional treatment. The diseased side/healthy side blood pressure index increased from 0.60 ±0.11 mm Hg preoperatively to (0.95 ±0.12) mm Hg postoperatively( t = 10.53 ,P ＜0.01 ). Clinical symptoms improved, and there were no complications with strokes and embolism. 20 cases were followed up for 30 months ( from 2 months to 69 months ). Restenosis was found in 2 cases and the restenosis rate was 8.3%. The cumulative primary patency rate was 92.5% and 81.3% at 1 and 3 years,respectively. Conclusions Intervention was a less invasive and safe, effective treatment for subclavian arterial lesions.