BACKGROUND: The clinical application of neural stem cells (NSCs) in combination with gene therapy could be used to treat a variety of nervous system hereditary and acquired diseases. However, nervous system diseases are varying. Nerve tissue internal environment of distinctive diseases is also different. All these factors affect the therapeutic effect of NSCs. Moreover, interaction and regulation of a variety of exogenous genes in NSC gene therapy would greatly promote continued regeneration of nerve tissue.OBJECTIVE: To review application of NSCs in the nervous system diseases.METHODS: A computer-based online search of Medline database (2000-01/2009-08) and Tongfang database (2000-01/2009-08) was performed for related articles with key words "neural stem cells, gene, nervous system diseases". RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 88 English articles were collected. By reading the title and summary, 20 unrelated articles and 28 repetitive articles were excluded. Finally, 40 were reviewed. NSC as a new-type treatment has been used for somatic cell or transgenic vector, and has achieved a certain effect for cerebrovascular disease, brain damage disease, spinal cord injuries, neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, and genetic metabolic diseases. However, many key issues such as NSC proliferation, differentiation, migration and control mechanism have not been resolved. In addition, the microenvironment in nerve tissues with different diseases also influences NSC therapy.

Objective To explore the preventive and therapeutic effect of recombinant human interleukin-11(rhIL-11) on thrombocytopenia in children with non-lymphocytic leukemia after chemotherapy.Methods Sixteen children who had non-lymphocytic leukemia were divided into 2 groups by randomization,including a therapeutic group and a control group.RhIL-11[50 ?g/(kg?d)] was injected subcutaneously 24 h after chemiotherapy in the therapeutic group,and applied consecutively 10-14 days,and the control group was treated without RhIL-11.Duration of the thrombocytopenia,infusion of blood platelet,diversity of blood platelets counts and adverse effect were observed of the 2 groups.Differences between groups were examined using statistics analysis.Results There were 16 case-times(59.3%) in the therapeutic group that of could be cured without platelet transfusion,but that of control group only had 3 case-times(14.3%);the diffe-rence between 2 groups was significant(P

Objective: To investigate the relationship between metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) expression and the biological behaviors on human breast cancer. Methods: SP immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of MTA1 protein among 116 human breast cancer samples and matched normal breast tissues. Results: (1) The expression of MTA1 was significantly higher in the breast cancer tissues than those of matched normal breast tissues (70.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.05). (2) MTA1 protein had significantly higher expression in grade III-IV, low-differentiated, and axillary lymph node metastatic breast cancer tissues than those at grade I-II, high or middle differentiated, and without axillary lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a positive association between the expression of MTA1 and clinical stage, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. MTA1 is a metastasis-facilitated protein and can be used as a prognostic marker for detection of recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of miR-497 on regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting Bcl-2 in liver cancer cells. Methods:We tested liver cancer tissue and para-carcinoma tissue and used RT-PCR or Western blot to detect the expression of miR-497and Bcl-2 protein. We also tested the liver cancer cel HepG2 transfected with miR-497 mimics and mimic control. The expressions of miR-497and Bcl-2 protein were detected by RT-PCR or Western blot. Cell proliferation activity was detected by the MTT method, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and cel luciferase activity was detected by the dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment. Results:1) Compared with para-carcinoma tissue, the miR-497 expression of liver cancer tissue significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas the Bcl-2 protein expression of liver cancer tissue significantly increased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with transfection mimic control, transfection miR-497 mimics could increase the miR-497 expression of liver cancer cel HepG2 (P<0.05) and decrease the Bcl-2 protein expression of liver cancer cel HepG2 (P<0.05). 3) Compared with transfection mimic control, co-transfection with miR-497 mimics and Bcl-2-WT could significantly decrease the luciferase activity of liver cancer cell HepG2 (P<0.05). 4) Compared with transfection mimic control, the proliferative activity of liver cancer cell HepG2 significantly decreased after transfection with miR-497 mimics (P<0.05). Compared with transfection miR-497 mimics, the proliferative activity of liver cancer cell HepG2 significantly increased after transfection with miR-497 mimics+Bcl-2 (P<0.05). 5) Compared with transfection mimic control, the total apoptosis rate of liver cancer cell HepG2 significantly increased after transfection with miR-497 mimics (P<0.05). Compared with transfection miR-497 mimics, the total apoptosis rate of liver cancer cell HepG2 significantly decreased after transfection with miR-497 mimics+Bcl-2 (P<0.05). Conclusion:In liver cancer cel s, miR-497 could target Bcl-2 to inhibit cel proliferation and enhance cell apoptosis.

Evidence-based medicine is advocated by WHO and adopted by developed countries for many years. In China, however, the selection of essential medicine and various medical insurance reimbursement schemes medicine is usually based on experts' experience of prescription practice which is under heavy critics resulting from the lack of related comparative efficacy and evidence-based research. The efficacy of Jian'ganle in prevention of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by antituberculotics was evaluated in this study by comparison with Hugan Pian, glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione. Evidence was provided for relevant sectors such as Ministry for Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China and National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China to select and renew the Essential Medicine List (EML), the new rural cooperative medical scheme in China (NRCMS) list or the reimbursement list of industrial injury insurance. A total of 189 patients with initial pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into four groups who took antituberculotics combined with Jian'ganle, Hugan Pian, glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione respectively. Their liver function profile including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total protein (TP), albumin (A) and globulin (G) were detected at admission as baseline and after treatment. The Jian'ganle group was compared with the three others by chi-square tests. In an aspect of maintaining bilirubin indexes normal, Jian'ganle was more efficacious than glucuronolactone. And Jian'ganle had a little more efficacy than reduced glutathione to maintain protein indexes normal as well. And the therapeutic regimen of antituberculotics combined with Jian'ganle was the best in treating tuberculosis and preventing DILI at the same time. The study showed that among the four hepatinicas which demonstrated similar prevention of DILI caused by antituberculotics, Jian'ganle has more advantages over the three others to some extent, which provides a reliable basis for health sectors to select and renew the EML, NRCMS List or the reimbursement list of industrial injury insurance.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of post-conditioning in brain injury induced by myocardial I/R on inflammatory factor and GFAP.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n=8):group Sham,group IR,group IPost.Myocardial IR was induced by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery for 30 min.group IPost received 3 cycles of 10 s reperfusion followed by 10 s ischemia at the end of myocardial ischemia.The rats were sacrificed at 120 rain of reperfusion and the brains were removed for microscopic examination,inflammatory factors and GFAP.Results:Compared with group Sham,IL-6,IL-8 were significantly increased,IL-10 was down-regulated in group IR(P＜0.01).Post-conditioning can decrease IL-6,IL-8 and up-regulated IL-10(P＜0.01).When compared with group Sham,the expression of GFAP was higher in group IR(P＜0.05),however,the GFAP in group IPost is the most among these three groups(P＜0.01).Conclusion:Post-conditioning could protect brain by decreasing inflammatory factors,increasing GFAP,which both from brain injury induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance status of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and provide clinical guidance for treatment.METHODS Sixty clinical isolates of S.maltophilia were identified with GNI+ cards of VITEK-32.Drug sensitivitiy were detected by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.The data were analyzed by WHONET5.3 software.RESULTS Thirty-eight strains were isolated from sputum(63.3%).Infection caused by S.maltophilia mainly occurred at the departments of respiratory diseases,ICU,old cadre,et al.Sixty isolates of S.maltophilia were highly resistant to imipenem,aminoglycosides and most of ?-lactam antibiotic,but showed the lowest resistance rate(16.7%) to SMZ/TMP.Then resistance rate of S.maltophilia to minocycline,levofloxacin,cefoperazone/sulbactam,piperacillin/tazobactam,and ticarcillin/clavulanic acid was 18.3%,20.0%,21.7%,25.0% and 30.0%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS The drug resistance of S.maltophilia is extremely severe.Among different areas of china the drug resistance is obviously different.Treatment based on drug susceptibility test should be adapted as soon as possible.

Peliosis hepatis is a rare benign hepatic vascular disease.There is the lack of specific clinical features and preoperative diagnosis.A patient with intermittent liver area pain was admitted to the Third Central Hospital of Tianjin in April 2014.The patient with space-occupying lessions of the right lobe of liver was preliminarily diagnosed as with hepatocellular tumor or vasogenic tumor by computed tomography and B ultrasound examinations and then received liver resection combined with cholecystectomy.The result of postoperative pathological examination confirmed peliosis hepatis with adenomatous hyperplasia of liver cells.The patient was followed up till October 20,2014 without recurrence.

Objective To examine the effects of high-density lipoprotein(HDL) and lipoprotein-deficient serum(LPDS) isolated from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on cholesterol efflux through human skin fibroblast(HSF) and human hepatoma cell line(HepG2).Methods and Results Blood was collected from 13 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 17 healthy volunteers,HDL and LPDS were isolated.Cholesterol efflux assays,RT-PCR and Western blot were performed with HSF and HepG2 cells.The HepG2 cells showed a high expression of scavenger receptor B1(SR-B1) and lack of functional ATP-binding cassette receptor A1(ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette receptor G1(ABCG1) while HSF cells express SR-B1 at very low level and have a high expression of ABCA1 pretreated with 22-OH cholesterol.The cholesterol efflux from HepG2 cells to HDL isolated from patients with diabetes decreased significantly as compared to controls.However,cholesterol efflux from HSF cells to LPDS was not different between groups.Conclusion The function of HDL involving cholesterol efflux in type 2 diabetes mellitus was impaired while cholesterol efflux induced by LPDS from HSF cells was maintained,suggesting that HDL plays a critical role in mediation of intracellular cholesterol accumulation and progression of atherosclerosis inpatients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective:To explore the role of Semaphorins 3A(Sema 3A) and its receptor Neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) in the development of chronic periodontitis of rats and clinical samples.Methods:20 SD rats were divided into 2 groups.Rats in the experimental group were induced into chronic periodontitis models.Rats in control group were not treated.After 8 weeks,maxilla of all the rats were collected for micro-CT scanning and IHC staining.The distance from cementoenamel junction to alveolar bone crest(CEJ-ABC) and the IOD of Sema3A/Nrp1 positive staining in rats were analyzed.20 clinical samples of chronic periodontitis(n =10) and normal periodontal tissues (n =10) were collected for immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR analysis.Results:The CEJ-ABC distance of chronic periodontitis group was higher than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.05).The IOD of Sema3A/Nrp1 in experimental group was lower than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05) and with a negative correlation with bone loss (P ＜ 0.05).Immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression level of Sema3a/Nrpl in clinical samples with chronic periodontitis was also lower than that of the healthy subjects(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:The reduced Sema3A/Nrp1 plays an important role in the development of bone destruction in chronic periodontitis.