BACKGROUND: Psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety are relevant to pathogenesis and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.OBJECTIVE: It was designed to investigate the influence of improving depression and anxiety in diabetes on metabolism of blood glucose.DESIGN: It was a randomized controlled comparative study.SETTING: It was conducted at the Cousulting Center for Clinical Psychology and the Endocrinology Department of Southwest Hospital Affiliated Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA .PARTICIPANTS: Totally 43 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Endocrinology Department of Southwest Hospital Affiliated toThird Military Medical University of Chinese PLA were selected from October, 1999 to November 2000. All of them participated the investigation voluntarily, 24males and 19 females, with an age of 51±9 years old. They were randomly divided into 2 groups, 23 in experimental group and 20 in control group.METHODS: For experimental group, besides routine medications for diabetes, patients also Accepted anti-depression and anti-anxiety treatment, including paroxetine (20 mg, taking after breakfast everyday) and Alprazolam (0.4 mg, taking at noon, at evening and before sleep everyday). For control group, patients only Accepted routine medication for diabetes. Patients in the two groups were assessed before medication and after 4 weeks medication by Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). They were identified as depression and anxiety according to the Scales. Reduction rate of SDS/SAS score was used to assess the therapeutic effects: When the reduction rate was 50%-100%, the medication was significantly effective, when it was 25%-49% the treatment was effective, and when it was less than 25%, the treatment was noneffective.Reduction rate =(pre-treatment score-post-treatment score)/post-treatment score×100%. The fasting blood glucose level, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level and the Glycosylated Hemoglobin (GHB, HbAl) were measured before treatment and after 4 weeks medication. Meanwhile, preprandial blood glucose level and 1-hour postprandial blood glucose level (6 times per day) were detected before treatment and at the 10th, 20th and 30th day during treatment. Reduction rate of blood glucose-(pre-treatment blood glucose level-post-treatment glucose level)/pre-treatment blood glucose level.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: These were main outcome measureglucose ①SDS/SAS scores, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and GHB before treatment and after 4 weeks treatment were measured in two group, ② and reduction rate of blood glucose.RESULTS: Six cases were omitted, 5 was in experimental group for financial pressure, intolerance to side effects of paroxetine and fears of the addiction of psychotropic drugs; the other one was in control group due to drop-out. There were 37 patients finished the investigation, 18 in experimental group and 19 in control group.①Comparison of SDS score/SAS core: After 4 weeks medication, it was observed that the post-treatment scores were significantly lower than pre-treatment scores in experimental group compared to control group[(41.05±7.05,41.88±10.57); (59.80±10.24,55.03±8.31 ), (t=2.41, 2.21, P ＜ 0.05)].②Comparison of fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and reduction rate of blood glucose: After 4 weeks medication, the fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(t=2.11,2.98, P ＜ 0.05-0.01)and the reduction rate of fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in experimental group were significantly greater than those in control group (t=2.94,2.93,P ＜ 0.01). ③Comparison of GHB:After 4 weeks medication,the posttreatment GHB level in experimental group were significantly lower than pre-treatment GHB level[(8.2±2.0)%,(9.1±1.9)%, (t=2.14, P ＜ 0.05)].CONCLUSION: Anti-depression and anti-anxiety drugs not only can alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms significantly, but also can improve blood glucose metabolism. This may be attributed to an effect of anti-depression and anti-anxiety drugs in increasing the compliance of the patients to the medication for diabetes and decreasing the insulin resistance induced by negative moods.

It is necessary that to investigate the relationship and interaction between medicine and philosophy,under which medical science can be comprehended in a deeper and wider degree by means of the value and inspiration provided of philosophy thinking.For this reson,the article analyzes several major historical stages of medical model of philosophical thinking by historical and logical approach in order to construct the medical philosophy.

Objective To investigate medical college students'attitude and cognition about innovativeness,and then to explore the possible factors that affect students'capability of innovation.Methods To design questionnaire to survey medical students in random sampling method.Results Medical students have more cognition towards education reform,and the method,structure and the cultural environment of talent training system play significant role in innovative talents training project.Conclusion It is needed to construct national medical model college according to the minority regions and the national characteristics for cultivating innovative talents correspondingly.

Objective To investigate the pharmacoepidemiologic features of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) and improve the recognition of its particularity.Methods The clinical data of 28 patients with DHS were retrospectively analyzed and summarized.Results Of 28 DHS patients,the suspected drugs were allopurinol in 17 cases,anti-epileptic drugs in 4 cases,antiuberculotic drugs in 3 cases and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in 4 cases.The earliest symptoms of DHS were skin rash (89.3 ％) and fever(85.7 ％),secondly liver function damaged(75.0％),which may be accompanied by mucosa,eye,genital damage (53.6％),eosinophilia (32.1％),renal impairment (17.9％),even multiple organ failure and death.Conclusion DHS should be on the alert when rash,repeated fever and visceral lesion occurred in a patient,without good therapeutic efficacy through ordinary anti-anaphylaxis and anti-infective therapy,as well as with the above medication history.

Objective To observe the hemodynamic parameters of retrobulbar vessels of eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) by using color Doppler imaging (CDI) technique.Methods Pertinent publications were retrieved from the PubMed of The National Library of Medicine,the ISI Web of Knowledge of The Institute for Scientific Information,and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.Case control studies involved POAG patients were included.Changes in retrobulbar blood flow parameters including peak systolic velocity (PSV),end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) of the ophthalmic artery (OA),central retinal artery (CRA) and short posterior ciliary artery (SPCA) were evaluated by CDI.The searching time was from the data base established up to April,2014.Meta analysis was used on the included articles,the mean difference (MD) along with 95 ％ confidence interval (95 ％ CI) of the blood flow parameters were calculated.Results Twenty-four articles were retrieved,including 1336 eyes as cases,1102 eyes as controls.PSV of POAG eyes was statistically signiflcantly lower than controls in theOA (MD=-3.05,95％CI:-4.49--1.61,P＜0.001),CRA (MD=-1.66,95％CI:-1.95--1.38,P＜0.001),SPCA (MD=-0.87,95％ CI:-1.49--0.26,P=0.005).EDV of POAG eyes was statistically significantly reduced than controls in the OA (MD=-1.78,95％CI:-2.14--1.41,P＜0.001),CRA (MD=-0.95,95％CI:-1.17--0.74,P＜0.001),SPCA (MD=-0.53,95％CI:--0.71--0.36,P＜0.001).Statistically significant increases in RI of POAG eyes than controls in the OA (MD=0.04,95％CI:0.03-0.05,P＜0.001),CRA (MD=0.06,95％CI:0.05-0.07,P＜0.001),SPCA (MD=0.04,95％CI:0.03-0.06,P＜0.001).Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that significant decreased velocity and increased resistance of retrobulbar blood flow are found in POAG eyes.

This article summarized the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for lung cancer in recent years. Related literatures were from the immune regulation, inhibiting growth and metastasis of lung cancer cells and promoting apoptosis and reversing drug resistance. Review showed that traditional Chinese integrated with western medicine for lung cancer has gradually become the consensus of clinical practioners.

Objective: To investigate the effect of fusion protein tick anticoagulant peptide (TAP)-staphylococcus aureus superantigen-like protein 5 (SSL5) on the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in ApoE knockout (ApoE-/-) mice.Methods: Totally 21 male 12-week-old ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into three groups: TAP-SSL5 (3 mg·kg-1·d-1) group, SSL5 (2 mg·kg-1·d-1) group and the blank control group (pH 7.4 phosphate buffer), ip, qd, for 12 weeks.The changes of body mass were observed.The mice were fed with high cholesterol diet for 12 weeks, and then the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in plasma were detected.The aorta of mice was subjected to paraffin section and routine HE staining.The formation of atherosclerotic plaque in the aortic root was analyzed.The distribution of atherosclerotic plaques was observed by oil red O staining of the aorta.Results: Compared with that of the blank control group, the increasement of body weight of TAP-SSL5 group and the level of TC significantly decreased (P <0.001), while TG, HDL-C and LDL-C did not change significantly.The HE staining results showed that the plaque area of root slice in the aorta in TAP-SSL5 group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group (P<0.05).The red O staining of aorta showed that the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in TAP-SSL5 group was significantly smaller than that in the blank control group.Conclusion: TAP-SSL5 can significantly inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries of ApoE-/-mice.

Platelet-rich plasma is a volume of autogenous plasma with a high platelet concentration. Platelet-rich gel which is polymerized from platelet-rich plasma becomes a hot topic in the repairing of jaw bones in oral and dentofacial surgery. Presently, the mechanism of platelet-rich gel in enhancement of bone defect repair has not been clarified. Generally, we believed that the unifiation of blood platelet degranulation released many high-concentration growth factor during polymerization stimulated bone formation and accelerated bone repair. In addition, the application of platelet-rich gel has some problems. Thus, wide application of platelet-rich gel in tissue engineering deserves further studies. With the development, platelet-rich gel should be widely used in bone tissue engineering.

Objective To explore the effects of aerobic exercise training on the circulating miRNAs and their roles in cardio‐vascular adaption induced by aerobic exercise training .Methods Ten freshmen were enrolled .All subjects performed an 8 weeks swimming training .VO2 max and cardiovascular function were measured in acute exhaustive before and after the aerobic endurance training .The key circulating miRNs (miR‐133a ,miR‐21 ,miR‐146a ,miR‐199a ,miR‐15a and miR‐222) were measured at rest and im‐mediately following acute exhaustive exercise in competitive male freshmen before and after the aerobic training .Results Distinct patterns of c‐miRNA response to exercise were observed and adhere to 4 major profiles :after aerobic exercise training ,the levels of miR‐146a ,miR‐222 ,miR‐21 ,miR‐15a and miR‐199a at rest were significant higer than before training (P<0 .05) .The levels of miR‐146a and miR‐222 were up‐regulated by acute exercise before and after aerobic exercise training (P<0 .05) .Before the aerobic train‐ing ,acute exhaustive exercise increased miR‐21 and miR‐15a significantly(P<0 .05) ,however ,there was no difference between the miR‐21 and miR‐15a levels in acute exhaustive exercise and resting state after aerobic exercise training (P>0 .05) .There was no difference in the level of miR‐133a between resting state and acute exhaustive exercise before and after training (P>0 .05) .Further linear correlation analysis showed that the miR‐146a expression in plasma was significantly positively correlated with VO 2 max level (r=0 .842 ,P<0 .01) ,the change of miR‐222 expression in plasma before and after training was significantly positively correlated with EF (r=0 .920 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion MiRNAs can be used as a marker to reflect the effect of training ,miR‐146a and miR‐222 play a role in physiological regulation of the cardiovascular function of aerobic exercise training in the body .

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of Astragalus & Angelica (A&A) , the mixture of Chinese herbs, on different vasoconstrictors and vasodilators in the process of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham,UUO and UAA (UUO+A&A) groups. After administration of A&A (14 g?kg-1?d-1) for 0, 3, 7 and 10 days, the levels of Ang-II , ET-1, nitric oxide(NO) and the activities of different NOS in renal homogenate were measured by RIA or enzyme method. The expression levels of eNOS, nNOS, iNOS were detected in the kidney by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitively assessed by Western blot. Results After A&A administration, the levels of Ang- II and ET-1 were increased in UUO at all time points (P