Objective To evaluate the value of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) in the diagnosis of malignant bone neoplasms.Methods Eighteen cases with consecutive primary malignant bone neoplasms of the knee were prospectively enrolled in the study. Each patient had a controlled preoperative MRI including a SSEPI-DWI sequence. With the help of a pathologist, spatially localized histological sampling study of the postoperative specimens was performed. ADCs of viable tumor (intra- and extraosseous part), peritumoral edema (including soft tissue edema and intramedullary edema), and tumor necrosis of the neoplasms confirmed by spatially localized histological sampling or following up were calculated and compared.Results Mean ADCs of viable tumor, peritumoral muscle edema, peritumoral marrow edema, tumor nerosis, normal muscle, and normal marrow were (1.181?0.236)?10 -3mm2/s (intraosseous part)/(1.158?0.259)?10 -3mm2/s (extraosseous part), (2.347?0.233)?10 -3mm2/s, (1.997?0.119)?10 -3mm2/s, (2.230?0.208)?10 -3mm2/s, (0.486?0.313)?10 -3mm2/s, and (0.483?0.288)?10 -3mm2/s, respectively. Statistical differences were significant among all these tissues (F=153.131, P=0.000). The ADCs of viable tumor were higher than that of normal tissues (P

As a safe and noninvasive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and theta burst stimulation (TBS) are used to change the cortical excitability, and induce or enhance neural plasticity, which can promote the recovery of motor function after stroke. This paper summarized the individual treatment of rTMS on motor function of stroke patients, the advantages of TBS compared with rTMS, and the mechanisms and clinical application of TBS.

Objective To study the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT), and the treatment of CLT companied with other thyroid diseases. Methods Clinical data of 63 cases of CLT were analyzed retrospectively. Results 26 cases were diagnosed by non-operative methods (11 cases by fine needle aspiration biopsy, FNAB). The rest of 37 cases were operated on because of misdiagnosis as other thyroid disease and then comfirmed as CLT by pathology. Of them, 2 were companied with nodular goiter, 6 with Graves' disease, 1 with thyroid adenoma and 2 with carcinoma, respectively. 19 cases were treated by thyroixine, 3 were not treated, 4 treated by operation after thyioxine managment and 37 were treated by operation. Non-operation group had rather satisfied effect in short-term period. 29 cases (78.4%) in operation group were followed up for 1 to 6 years, and 5 cases had hypothyroidism. Conclusions It is necessary to have complete serum immunologic examination and FNAB for suspect patients.They have to be examined carefully in order to avoid omitting complications and incsease the rate of diagnosis.Non-operative treatment is the major therapy of CLT. If CLT is companied with other thyroid disease, operation or non- operation should be adopted according to the pathological type.

Objective To investigate the characteristic, diagnosis and treatment of occult breast carcinoma(OBC). Methods The clinical data of 12 cases of OBC were analyzed retrospectively.Results All patients showed axillary node enlargement as the first sign and were operated on. The operation included axillary node excision (ANE) in 1 patient, axillary node excision plus simple mastectomy in another one, radical mastectomy in 6, and modified radical mastectomy in the other 4,respectively. Eleven patients (91.7%) were followed up for 1-15 years. During the follow up, 1 patient who underwent axillary node resection and 1 who received ANE plus simple mastectomy died of systemic metastasis,18 and 22 months after operation respectively;another case who subjected to radical mastectomy had axillary lymph node metastasis 3 years after the operation,and was re operated on,but the patient died of lung metastasis 4 years after the reoperation. And the others still survived, in which 2 have lived for over 3 years, 2 over 5 years, and 4 over 10 years. Conclusions For axillary mass which causes are uncertain, the possibility of OBC should be considered.Meanwhile excision and pathological examination are necessary. The metastatic histological structure of the axillary nodes usually provide important clue for the source of tumor. Radical or modified mastectomy is the best treatment,and post operative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy should be done.

Purpose:To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast tumors.Methods:Clinical and pathological data of 16 cases of accessory breast tumors were analyzed retrospectively. Results:There were 5 cases of accessory breast fibroadenoma, 2 cases of intraductal papilloma, 9 cases of accessory breast carcinoma. Local mass resection and radical resection were carried out respectively. All these patients had post operative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 13 cases (81.3%0 were followed up for 1—10 year. As to results, 3 cases died of metastasis in 2,2.5 and 4 years respectively after operation;one case, reoperated because of local recurrence, still survives (over 3 years):and the others recovered well.Conclusions:It is possible for benign or malignant tumor to occur in the accessory breast,and the manifestation of the accessory breast tumors is similar to that of the primary breast tumor. Operation is the first choice for all treatment benign tumor with local mass resection including the whole accessory breast while accessory breast carcinoma should be treated by radical dissection.

Purpose: To investigate the diagnosis, pathological characteristics and treatment of primary malignant lymphoma of the breast (PMLB). Methods: Clinical and pathological data of 16 cases of PMLB were analyzed retrospectively. Results: No case was correctly diagnosed before operation. All the 12 cases were operated and identified by pathology, in which total mastectomy, radical mastectomy and modified radical mastectomy were carried out in 5, 3 and 4 patients respectively. Moreover, all cases were combined with post-operative chemotherapy or radiotherapy. 10 cases were followed up 1 - 10 years. 4 cases who survived 22 months on the average died of the tumor spread and metastasis during follows-up, and the others are still alive. Especially, 1 case, recurring 2 times locally, has survived for 4. 5 years after reoperation. Conclusions: The final diagnosis of this disease depends on the pathological examination. The majority of PMLB is non-Hodgkins lymphoma ( NHL), and mostly of B cell origin and are mostly related to the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue ( MALT). Total mastectomy or mastectomy plus axillary nodes dissection is the preferred method of operation and the adequate post-operative chemotherapy is very important.

Objective To study the double restriction fluorescent labeling (DRFL) method for fluorescent labeling of trace DNA samples and its effect in enhancing the pathogen detection sensitivity of microarray assays. Method SARS-CoV RNA samples were reversely transcribed and then further amplified with the restriction display (RD)-PCR and fluorescently labeled by conventional restriction labeling directly with Cy-universal primer and the novel double labeling with Cy-universal primer and CydNTP. The labeled samples were applied to the microarray with the viral probes, processed and analyzed. Results Compared with the conventional method, DRFL labeling resulted in 3. 5835 times higher fluorescent intensity of all the SARS probes on average, even though increased fluorescent intensities for different probes varied considerably. Conclusion Signal to noise ratio can be enhanced by the DRFL method which improves the sensitivity of microarray technology in trace pathogen detections.

Objective:To discusses the professional quality cultivating mode construction for nursing students based on the second classroom as well as its mechanism and effects .To investigate the cognition and evaluation of nursing students on recessive education of the second classroom .Methods:Questionnaire was used in nursing un-dergraduates in three grades .The professional spirit , professional skills , humanity qualities were involved .Re-sults:For professional spirit , 44 .13% agreed for significantly increasefor their professional quality , and 33 . 20%for improved, 6.48%forreduced, or a significant reduction.For professional skills, 51.82%forsig-nificantly increase, 41 .70%for improved, 1 .21%forreduced , or a significant reduction.For humanistic quality, 91.1% of the students thought it significantly increasetheir humanistic quality .In grade 2009 and 2011 , over 50% students thought this quality was improved by the second classroom .Conclusions:Professional quality cultivating mode based on the second classroom makes nursing students 'professional spirit , professional skills, the humanities quality improved , and this cultivating mode received wide recognition and affirmation in the nursing students .

Along with the improvement of the diagnosis techniques and the popularization of the health examination,the incidence of the thyroid nodule is growing rapidly.The management methods of the nodules depend on the correct diagnosis of the thyroid nodules,which could save the limited resources of the healthcare system.The diagnostic methods of the thyroid nodules developed in recent years are reviewed in this paper.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence on negative emotion of ICU patient's relatives by comprehensive needs intervention.Methods 100 ICU patient's relatives were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,50 cases per group.Patients in intervention group were given comprehensive needs interventions for two weeks,then were tested by self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS) and symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90),and their negative emotion were compared.ResultsExcept for interpersonal relationship factor (P＞ 0.05 ),the other SCL-90 factorial scores of ICU patient's relative were all significantly higher than the national norm before intervention(P ＜ 0.01 ～0.05 ).Anxiety and depression rates in two groups were 64％ and 53％ respectively,SDS standard scores were 49.62 ± 9.18 and 49.70 ± 9.73,SAS scores were 40.08± 11.93 and 40.04 ± 11.76,and they were all significantly higher than normal norm.After intervention,SAS,SDS standard scores and SCL-90 factors of intervention group were significantly decreased,and were superior than control group,and there were statistical difference (P＜ 0.01 ～ 0.05 ).ConclusionThere are so much psychological diseases with the relatives of ICU patients,especially anxiety and depression.