OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics and clinical application of alginate dressing to provide better biological dressing for clinical wound healing. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI, Medline, Wanfang, Science Direct, and Ei databases was performed for related articles published between January 1960 and October 2009, with the key words "alginate, dressing, clinical application" in Chinese and English. Studies regarding characteristics and clinical application of alginate dressing were included. Repetitive and Meta analysis were excluded. In addition, related books were manually searched. RESULTS: A total of 65 articles were collected, 17 were included, and 48 repetitive or Meta analyses were excluded. Alginate is natural polysaccharide carbohydrate extracted from sea tangle, and alginate dressing is soft non-textile fiber refined from seaweed. It contains 85% natural alginate fiber and 15% sodium tvIose. It can absorb effusion, form gelate, and exchange Na~+/Ca~(2+) with effusion. Alginate dressing has been widely used in bedsore treatment, anal fistula nursing, stoma nursing, and diabetic foot nursing. Compared with traditional dressing, infection rate of alginate dressing is lower due to good impermeability, promotion of regional vessel proliferation and blood supply, as well as moist and slightly acidic environment which benefits neutrophil function enhances disinfection. Moreover, it can be used in wound healing following abdominal region operation and abscess incision drainage.CONCLUSION: Alginate dressing provides appropriate environment for wound growth, retains active materials in diffusion, promotes active material release, benefit necrotic tissue solution and cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as epithelial cell migration. Moreover, it maintains hypoxia state of wound, stimulates newly generated capillary growth, and promotes granulation tissue growth.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the characteristics and clinical application of alginate dressing to provide better biological dressing for clinical wound healing.METHODS:A computer-based online search of CNKI,Medline,Wanfang,Science Direct,and Ei databases was performed for related articles published between January 1960 and October 2009,with the key words "alginate,dressing,clinical application"in Chinese and English.Studies regarding characteristics and clinical application of alginate dressing were included.Repetitive and Meta analysis were excluded.In addition,related books were manually searched.RESULTS:A total of 65 articles were collected,17 were included,and 48 repetitive or Meta analyses were excluded.Alginate is natural polysaccharide carbohydrate extracted from sea tangle,and alginate dressing is soft non-textile fiber refined from seaweed.It contains 85% natural alginate fiber and 15% sodium tvlose.It can absorb effusion,form gelate,and exchange Na+/Ca2+ with effusion.Alginate dressing has been widely used in bedsore treatment,anal fistula nursing,stoma nursing,and diabetic foot nursing.Compared with traditional dressing,infection rate of alginate dressing is lower due to good impermeability,promotion of regional vessel proliferation and blood supply,as well as moist and slightly acidic environment which benefits neutrophil function enhances disinfection.Moreover,it can be used in wound healing following abdominal region operation and abscess incision drainage.CONCLUSION:Alginate dressing provides appropriate environment for wound growth,retains active materials in diffusion,promotes active material release,benefit necrotic tissue solution and cell proliferation and differentiation,as well as epithelial cell migration.Moreover,it maintains hypoxia state of wound,stimulates newly generated capillary growth,and promotes granulation tissue growth.

Eighty-two patients with unresectable primary hepatic carcinoma were divided randomly into 4 groups. Twenty patients (group A) were treated with hepatic artery ligation and embolization. Twenty-three patients (group B) were treated with whole liver moving strip irradiation. Eighteen (group C) were treated with hepatic artery ligation and embolization and portal vein perfusion chemotherapy. Twenty-one (group D) were treated with the therapy as the group C and the whole liver moving strip irradiation. All were followed-up to 12～37 months. The 1-year survival rates of these four groups were 25.0%(5/20), 13.0%(3/23), 33.3%(6/18) and 61.9%(13/21), respectively. The authors believe that combined treatment of group D is recommended for advanced and unresectable primary hepatic carcinoma.

砄bjective: To study the complications of interventional therapy in maxillofacial region. Methods : Retrospective analysis was conducted in 73 cases(96 times) treated with interventional therapy in maxillofacial region. Intraarterial angiography, drug infusion and embolization were conducted in 71 cases of maxillofacial tumor and 2 cases of injury by Seldinger method. Results: Complications with clinical significance occurred were observed in 6 cases (6.2%): allergic reaction to angiographic agent in 2 cases, necrosis of skin in 1, local pain in 1, facial paralysis in 1 and death because of brain damage in 1. 5 cases were cured. Conclusion: The most serious complication in maxillofacial interventional therapy is nerve injury, which may result in death . Certain measures should taken to prevent or reduce the reaction.

Objective To describe the technique and characteristics of simple hand-assisted laparoscopic resection of renal and adrenal. Methods A total of 37 patients (22 males and 15 females) underwent simple hand-assisted laparoscopic resection of renal and adrenal from June 1999 to April 2004.Their mean age was 52 years (range,25～65 years).Renal resection group included 29 cases,including 13 of renal carcinoma and 2 of renal pelvic carcinoma.All these 15 cases were staged as T 1N 0M 0.The average tumor volume of the renal resection group was 3 cm?3 cm?2 cm.8 of hydronephrosis,2 of renal tuberculosis,4 of renal atrophied.Adrenal tumor resection group included 8 cases;the average tumor volume was 4 cm?5 cm?6 cm. Results Simple hand-assisted laparoscopic resection of the tumors was performed successfully in 36 cases without any complication such as injury of intestines and other important abdominal viscera except 1 case who underwent open surgery.The mean operative time of nephrectomy was 145 min,and that of adrenal giant tumor resection was 125 min.The mean blood loss was 110 ml.The patients recovered well and were discharged 7 to 8 days after operation.Follow-up lasted 3 months to 5 years after operation.Of the 37 cases,35 survived healthily;2 with renal carcinoma died (1 died of cerebrovascular accident 2 years after operation and the other died of brain and pulmonary metastasis 3 years after operation). Conclusions Simple hand-assisted laparoscopic resection of renal and adrenal giant tumor has the advantages of easier performance,shortened operative time and faster recovery from operation.Thus,this technique is worthy of popularization.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effect of colostrum on immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels among premature infants, so as to provide the evidence for improving premature infants' health with colostrum feeding. Methods: Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) or controlled clinical trials (CCTs) pertaining to the effect of colostrum and IgA levels among premature infants were retrieved in national and international databases from inception to September 30, 2022, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, PubMed and Web of Science. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was used as an effect index for meta-analysis. The robustness of the results was evaluated using sensitivity analysis, and the publication bias was evaluated using Begg's test, Egger's test and funnel plot. Results : A total of 650 publications were retrieved initially, and 10 studies were finally included, including 9 RCTs and one1 CCT, with 677 participants. Meta-analysis showed higher secretory salivary secretory IgA levels among premature infants with colostrum feeding than among controls (SMD=0.49, 95%CI: 0.08-0.89), and there were no significant differences between groups in terms of urinary secretory IgA levels (SMD=0.19, 95%CI: -0.39-0.77) or blood IgA levels (SMD=0.29, 95%CI: -0.01-0.59). Sensitivity analysis showed robustness of meta-analysis results, and no publication bias was examined. Conclusion Colostrum feeding may increase salivary secretory IgA levels among premature infants; however, it has no effect on urine salivary secretory IgA levels or blood IgA levels.

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) among elderly patients with osteoporosis (OP), so as to provide the basis for early prevention of LDH in OP patients. Methods: The patients aged 60 years and above with OP who were treated in the clinic of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from December 2022 to December 2023 were recruited as the study subjects. The data of demographic and clinical information were collected through the hospital medical record system. LDH was diagnosed according to the LDH Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines. Factors affecting LDH among elderly patients with OP were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 500 patients with OP were included, with 188 males (37.60%) and 312 females (62.40%). The mean age was (69.05±3.28) years, and the course of OP was (6.37±2.11) years. There were 196 patients living alone, accounting for 39.20%. LDH among elderly patients with OP were detected in 78 cases, accourcing for 15.60%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the patients who were at ages of 70 years and above (OR=1.465, 95%CI: 1.197-1.793), lived alone (OR=1.777, 95%CI: 1.093-2.889), had a history of fracture (OR=1.799, 95%CI: 1.070-3.023) and scored higher in quality of life (OR=1.405, 95%CI: 1.230-1.605) were at higher risks of LDH, while the patients who had a history of taking calcium supplements (OR=0.562, 95%CI: 0.345-0.915) were at lower risks of LDH. Conclusion Age, living situation, history of fracture, history of taking calcium supplements and quality of life were influencing factors for LDH among elderly patients with OP.

ObjectiveThe present study was designed evaluate the aspirin effectiveness in the inhibition of platelet aggregation in patients after OPCAB.Methods290 patients were recruited.145 patients underwent first time OPCAB (surgery group).Arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation and urine 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 (11-dehydroTxB2) were measured before operation and on aspirin re-administered days 1,4, 10, and 6 months after surgery.The same tests were also detected in 145 patients from the cardiology department (non-surgery group) received medicine therapy as controls.Results Ninety-nine patients were defined as aspirin sensitive after OPCAB (AS Group).Postoperative aspirin resistance was identified in 46 (32％) patients at the first day after aspirin treatment started (AR Group).19 (13％) and 5 (3％) patients remained as AR at day 4 and 10 after aspirin re-administration, respectively.Patients in the AR group had higher 11-dehydroTxB2 levels than those in the AS group (P = 0.049).Six months follow-up showed ARA-induced platelet aggregation was (11.5 ± 3.4) ％.Urine level of 11-dehydroTxB2 was (50.3 ± 15.4) ng/L.No resistance was found.All cardiologic patients were identified as aspirin sensitive, the change of platelet aggregation and 11-dehydroTxB2 were similar as those in the AS group.Weight ＞75 kg and postoperative drainage ＞500 ml were risk factors of aspirin resistance after OPCAB.ConclusionAnti-platelet effect of aspirin was reduced during the early postoperative period in certain patients undergoing OPCAB.In case of resistance,antiplatelet treatment strategy should be intensified or modified.

Objective To search for the most appropriate subzero nonfreezing temperature,and explore the effect of subzero nonfreezing preservation of rat kidney by comparing with the kidney preservation with conventional temperature (4 ℃,0 ℃) and freezing temperature (-4 ℃).Method The thermocouple probeand the temperature data logging device were used to detect the temperature decreasing curves in different parts of the rat kidney and determine the freezing point of the kidney.The perfused kidneys in rats were removed and put into the sterile tubes containing 2.5 mL hypertonic citrate adenine.Following 6 group were set up:-0.8 ℃ group (subzero nonfreezing),-0.5 ℃group (subzero nonfreezing),0 ℃ group (zero nonfreezing),-4 ℃ group (control group),-1 ℃group(subzero freezing)、-4 ℃ group (subzero freezing).After the cryopreservation for 24 and 48 h,the preservative fluid was harvested for measurement of the contents of LDH and AST,and the paraffin sections from the upper pole of the kidney were made for observation of the pathological changes and apoptosis.Result The freezing temperature of kidney was-1℃ and the most appropriate subzero nonfreezing temperature for preserving the rat kidney was-0.8 ℃.Subzero nonfreezing significantly inhibited the basal metabolic rate of the histiocytes,reduced the contents of LDH and AST released due to the membrane damage,and decreased the apoptosis rate [48 h:-0.8 ℃ (40.1 ± 7.0) ％ vs.4 ℃ (47.1 ± 7.6) ％].Under the light microscope after preservation for 48 h,the pathological changes in-0.8 ℃ group were less than in 4 ℃ group.Conclusion Compared with the organ preservation in conventional temperature (0 ℃-4 ℃),the subzero nonfreezing (-0.8 ℃) can further inhibit the basal metabolic rate of histocytes obviously,reduce its energy consumption,and lower the apoptosis caused by low temperature damage.

Objective To study the internal atlas sphincter of rats with congenital anorectal malformations(ARM)by observing the number of the ganglion cell and the number of nerve plexus in the internal sphincter.Methods Healthy pregnant Wistar- Imammichi rats are induced to ARM by ETU.67 rats with ARM were obtained.The pelvis was continuously cut from the exactly midsagittal plane, and the slices were stained with HE to observe the number of the ganglion cell and the number of nerve plexus in the internal sphincter under microscope.Result The average number of the ganglion cell in the rats with ARM was 1.206,and the number of the nerve pluxes is 0.310.The numbers in both two groups were extremely less than that in normal rats(P＜0.05).The rats without ARM which were also dealt with ETU had no distinctness compared with the normal rats.Conclusion The pathology changes of ARM includes many ways,for example,muscles,mucosa and the nerve system.The decrease of the ganglion cell and the nerve plexus in internal sphincter is an important aspect of ARM.