This paper reports the nursing care of 8 cases of severe hand,foot and mouth disease,such as first aid measures when admission,airway management during mechanical ventilation,oral care,close observation of vital signs and illness state,brain protection measures,as well as strict disinfection and isolation.As a result,one child died and one gave up the treatment voluntarily.Other six children were discharged with recovery.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the of non-gonococcal urethritis(NGU) secretion in patients with urogenital mycoplasma infection and drug sensitivity status to provide the basis for clinical rational drug use.METHODS The mycoplasma culturing,identification,counting and drug sensitivity test to 12 kinds of antimicrobial drugs were conducted among 279 cases of NGU patients and the sensitivity of mycoplasma was monitored by retrospectively statistical analysis.RESULTS A total of 162 strains were isolated from 279 cases with NGU(58.1%).Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) was found in 115 cases(70.9%),Mycoplasma hominis(Mh) positive in 9 cases(5.6%) and 38 cases were with mixed infection(23.5%).The sexually active population of 21-35-year-old was with the highest incidence,accounted for 53.7% from all of NGU cases.The sensitivity to minocycline,Tetracycline,of were higher but resistant to Erythromycin,sparfloxacin Mycoplasma.CONCLUSIONS Uu is the major pathogens in NGU patients,minocycline and tetracycline treatment for mycoplasma infection is better choice.The NGU pathogen detection and drug sensitivity test are important for guiding clinical treatment in order to maximize control of the emergence of resistant strains particularly important.

OBJECTIVE： To discuss the application prospect of pharmacogenomics METHODS： To introduce the concept of pharmacogenomics and analyse its application at prospect RESULTS ＆ CONCLUSION： Pharmacogenomics is wide in the prospect of application and has a vast reservoir of economic potential， it will exert an influence on pharmacy in the 21st century

Objective To investigate the influence of milrinone on systemic inflammation in the perioperative cardiac valve replacement Methods Twenty patients, scheduled for cardiac valve replacement were randomly divided into 2 groups: milrinone and control groups Before anesthesia induction, a bolus of milrinone 30?g/kg was given in 10min, followed by a continuous infusion of 0 5?g?kg 1 ?min 1 during operation in milrinone group and the same volume of saline was administrated in control group The mixed venous blood samples were obtained from the pulmonary artery at the following points : before induction of anesthesia (T 1), 30min after anesthesia (T 2), 30min after the cross clamping of aorta (T 3 ), 10min and 30min after the declamping (T 4,T 5), 30min and 8 h after CPB(T 6,T 7), 24h and 72 h after operation (T 8,T 9) IL 6, IL 8 and IL 10 were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay Results Compared with those at T 1, the levels of WBC,PMN,IL 6 and IL 8 increased significantly from T 5 to T 9, and IL 10 level rose markedly from T 3 to T 9 (P0 05) Conclusions During CPB and cardiac valve replacement the systemic inflammation is obvious , reaches the peak 30 min after CPB and persists to 72h after operation Perioperative administration of low dose milrinone is effective against the inflammation

Objective To investigate the diagnosis, management, pregnancy outcome and prognosis of bieytopenia or pancytopenia during pregnancy. Methods Retrospective chart review was conducted on 24 pregnancies who were found bicytopenia or pancytopenia during pregnancy for the first time. The diagnoses were reconfirmed. The management and pregnancy outcome were collected. And the prognoses were followed. Results According to the clinical data and laboratory findings, the latter including complete blood cell count, reticulocyte count, peripheral smear, serum folate and vitamin B12 level, autoimmune antibody screening, bone marrow smear and biopsy, thirteen patients were diagnosed as having chronic aplastic anemia (CAA), six as having myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), two as having megaloblastic anemia(MA), one as having paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria(PNH), one as having Evan's syndrome and one as having acute leukemia. The management basically consisted of supportive transfusions. Six patients suffered pregnancy complications including four with severe preeclampsia (one with intraeranial hemorrhage and one with intrauterine death concomitantly) and two with gestational diabetes. The delivery ages of the 21 patients were term or nearly term with all good neonatal outcomes. Postpartum follow-up showed the two patients with MA achieved complete remission, the one with PNH had mild anemia and that with Evan's syndrome had mild thrombocytopenia. The patient with acute leukemia died of recurrence six months postpartum. Of the thirteen patients with CAA, two achieved complete remission, six partial remission, four no remission and one was lost follow-up. Of the 6 patients with MDS, one achieved partial remission, four no remission, and one transformed into acute monocytic leukemia, then refused chemotherapy and was lost follow-up. Conclusions CAA may be one of the most common causes of bicytopenia or pancytopenia during pregnancy, MDS may be the second. Diagnosis should be made as soon as possible through appropriate and reasonable laboratory examinations. Most patients could achieve good pregnancy outcomes through supportive management. The maternal prognosis may vary widely depending on the causes.

Objective To evaluate the effect of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 200/0.5 on the pulmonary capillary permeability in oleic acid induced acute lung injury (ALI) and investigate the possible mechanism of the therapeutic effect of HES. Methods Forty male SD rats weighing 280-370 g were randomly divided into four groups: group I balanced solution (control); group II 6% HES 200/0.5; group III gelatin and group IV dextran 40. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 3% pentobarbital 30-40 mg?kg-1 . Right external jugular vein was cannulated. Oleic acid 0.06 ml?kg-1 was given iv.10 ml?kg-1 of the above-mentioned different solutions was infused over 1.5 h in the four groups. Then 0.5% Evan's blue 1ml was injected iv. Four hours later the animals were sacrificed and lungs removed for pathologic examination under microscope, and determination of lung water content [ (wet weight -dry weight)/wet weight ? 100% ] . Lung Evan's blue content was determined by formamide extracting method. Lung MDA content and MPO activity were also determined.Results Lung water and Evan's blue contents were significantly lower in group II than those in any other groups. MPO activity and MDA level in group II were lowest among the four groups. Conclusions HES can decrease pulmonary capillary permeability, attentuate pulmonary edema and lung injury, and depress MPO activity and MDA level. The underlying mechanism may be due to its depressant effect on PMN aggregation and lipid peroxidation.

Objective This study was designed to evaluate the change in coagulation and platelet function during cardiac surgery using SONOCLOT(SCT), a new coagulation and platelet function analyser which can analyse the whole process of coagulation including platelet function , fibrin formation and fibrinolysis with only 0 4ml of whole blood Methods Thirty ASA Ⅱ Ⅲpatients scheduled for cardiac surgery were studied 15 patients underwent valve replacement (group V) and another 15 patients coronary artery bypass graft (CABG, groupC) under combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0 05mg?kg -1 ,fentanyl 5 10?g kg -1 or propofol 1 1 5mg?kg -1 and vecuronium 0 1 0 2mg?kg -1 and maintained with isoflurane(0 8 1 5MAC) supplemented with intermittent boluses of propofol and fentanyl ECG,SpO 2, P ET CO 2, BP, CVP, PAP, HCT and T were monitored during operation And dopamine, adrenaline, nitroglycerin, milrinone and other vasoactive drugs were used to maintain hemodynamic stability Blood samples were taken before anesthesia (T 1), after induction (T 2), after heparinization 3mg? kg -1 ( T 3) and 5min after protamine administration (T 4) for determination of ACT, clot rate and platelet function using SONOCLOT analysis Platelet counts were checked at T 1 and T 4 Results CPB time was less than 2h in all 30 patients Clot rate was significantly faster at T 2 than at T 1(P

Objective:To investigate the relationship between PaCO 2 and PetCO 2 while the respiration pattern changed from spontaneous to mechanical ventilation during artificial valve replacement. Methods:The changes of PaCO 2,PetCO 2,CO,MAP,PAP,CVP,PAWP,SVR,PVR and V D/V T,alv from spontaneous respiration to mechanical ventilation were observed pre and post general anesthesia in 22 patients undergoing artificial valve replacement. Results:Compared with spontaneous respiration before general anesthesia induction, the differences between PaCO 2 and PetCO 2,CVP,V D/V T,alv ratio were significantly increased( P

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of statins in primary and secondary stroke prevention.Methods We search in PubMed(1966—2006),Cochrane library(issue 1,2006),CNKI(1979—2006)and VIP(1989—2006)to get systematic reviews(SRs),meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about statins for stroke prevention.Results We found 4 meta-analyses,8 RCTs about the primary stroke prevention and 1 Cochrane systematic review and an ongoing RCT about secondary stroke prevention.Conclusion Statins therapy can reduce the incidence of stroke,especially in high-risk patients with coronary heart disease,hypertension and diabetes.Statins have positive effect for primary stroke prevention and do not increase the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke and tumor.The clinical evidence about the effect of statins in secondary stroke prevention is insufficient.An ongoing stroke trial will provide important evidence for secondary stroke prevention.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the flora distribution,enzyme producing and drug resistance of Citrobacter in our hospital,and analyzed multi drug resistance(MDR) character in order to guide the clinical medication.METHODS Totally 147 clinical isolates of Citrobacter were detected out ESBLs and AmpC ?-lactamases by three-dimensional test,MBL by the double-disk synergy test.at the same time,drug resistance to fifteen antibiotics was also detected by K-B method.RESULTS Hospital infection caused by Citrobacter.most commonly by C.freundii and then C.amalonaticus.Respiratory tract and urinary tract were prone to be infected than other sites(P0.05).The rate of ESBLs,AmpC,ESBLs+AmpC and MBL which produced by Citrobacter were 36.05% 10.20%,7.48% and 2.72%.The Citrobacter were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem,and their resistance rates to imipenem and meropenem were 4.76% and 3.40%,respectively.The resistance rate to cefoperazone/tazobactam was 23.81%.Otherwise,the resistance rate to 12 kinds of other antibiotics were all higher than 40.0%.MDR strains in the ICU ward were 81.08%,while in other wards were 53.64%,with significant difference(P