Biological process is the important approach to treat the dye pollutants.This paper gives a systematic introduction to the three types of important dyes,azo dyes,triphenylmethane dyes and anthraquinone dyes,including azo reduction and mechanism under anaerobic and aerobic conditions,advances of triphenylmethane dyes and anthraquinone dyes biodegradation.

Dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ)reduction is the important process in Biogeochemical cycle.This paper gives a systematic introduction to the types of dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ)reduction,mechanism of insoluble Fe(Ⅲ)oxidizes reduction and the advances of molecular biology in- volved in Fe(Ⅲ)reduction.The status of the applications of dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ)reduction in environmental contaminant treatment were also discussed.

High efficient dyes decolorizing bacterium, strain S12~T, was isolated from activated-sludge of textile-printing wastewater treatment plant. The strain was identified as a novel specie of the genus Shewanella, for which the name Shewanella decolorationis sp. nov. is proposed. It's decolorizing rate reached 96% in 4h, when 50mg/L of azo dye was used. The organism exhibited a remarkable color removal capability, even at azo dye's concentration of 2,000mg/L. A clear decolorizing zone around each colonies appeared after four days grown on LB plate containing 500mg/L azo dye. The changes of UV-visible spectra of azo dye solution indicate that the color removal was largely attributed to biodegradation. The decolorizing enzymes of strain S12~T were constitute type and not secreted to the culture medium.

Objective To investigate the effect of forced-air warming system on the cellular immune function during radical esophagus cancer resection. Methods Thirty-six ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged ≤ 64 yr, with body mass index ＜ 30 kg/m2 , scheduled for elective radical esophagus cancer resection, were randomized to 2 groups ( n = 18 each): normal temperature care group (group C) and forced-air wanning group (group T) . Anesthesia was induced with midazolam, sufentanil, propofol and vecuronium. The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated. The patients were not warmed intraoperatively in group C. In group T, the patients were prewarmed for 20 min at 43℃, using forced-air warming system before induction and then kept warm until the end of operation. The nasopharyngeal temperature was measured at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after anesthesia induction and at the end of operation (T1-6 ) to reflect the body temperature. Venous blood samples were taken at T1,6 for analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+ , CD4+ /CD8+ ) and NK cells (by flow cytometry) and determination of the plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and adrenaline (by ELISA) . Results Compared with T1 , the body temperature was significantly decreased at T2-6 in group C, and the percentage of CD4+ cells and CD4+ /CD8+ ratio were significantly decreased and the percentage of CD8+ and plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and adrenaline increased at T6 in both groups ( P ＜ 0.05). Compared with group C, the body temperature was significantly increased at T2-6, plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and adrenaline were significantly increased at T, , while the change rate of concentrations was significantly decreased in group T ( P ＜ 0.05) . ConclusionThe efficiency of forced-air warming system in maintaining perioperative normothermia is good and it reduces the stress response, but it exerts no influence on the cellular immune function in patients undergoing radical esophagus cancer resection.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different doses of compound Xuelian capsule on bone cancer pain (BCP) in rats.Methods Fifty pathogen-free adult female Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-220 g,aged 7-8 weeks,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),group BCP,and compound Xuelian capsule 50,100 and 200 mg · kg-1 · d-1 groups (group CX50,group CX100 and group CX200).BCP was produced by injecting Walker256 mammary gland carcinoma cells into the intramedullary space of the right femur bone.At 11-21 days after inoculation of the tumor ceils,normal saline containing compound Xuelian capsule 50,100 and 200 mg · kg 1 · d 1 was injected through a tube into stomach once a day in CX50,CX100 and CX200 groups,respectively.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and limb use score were measured at 1 day before inoculation of the tumor cells (baseline) and 4,7,11,14,17,19,and 21 days after inoculation of the tumor cells.Results Compared with group S,the MWT at 4-21 days after inoculation of the tumor cells was significantly decreased,and limb use score was significantly decreased at 11-21 days after inoculation of the tumor cells in BCP,CX50,CX100 and CX200 groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group BCP,the MWT was significantly increased at 19-21 days after inoculation in group CX50,at 17-21 days after inoculation in group CX100 and at 14-21 days after inoculation in group CX200,and limb use score was significantly increased at 14-21 days after inoculation in group CX100 and at 17-21 days after inoculation in group CX200 (P＜0.05).Conclusion Compound Xuelian capsule 50,100 and 200 mg· kg 1 · d 1 (for 11 consecutive days) can reduce BCP in a dose-dependent manner in rats.

Pulmonary function changes during and after cardiopulmonary bypass were studied using single breath test for CO_2 (SBT-CO_2) in 16 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The results showed that P_(A-a)CO_2 and P_(A-a)O_2 increased significantly after bypass though PaCO_2 kept in normal range by adjusting ventilation volume. The CO_2 production increased as time passed after bypass, resulting in the increase of required minute volume and the rise of airway pressure. Compliance showed a tendency to decrease, while physologic dead space and alveolar dead space increased significantly. It is concluded that the causes of pulmonary dysfunction occurring in early stage of post-bypass are mainly due to the V/Q mismatch induced by low perfusion of the lung. To improve the pulmonary function at the early stage of post-bypass, the circulatory function should be improved accordingly.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of propofol on coronary circulation of acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion inury. Metbod: 18 hybrid dogs (11-14kg) were divided randomly into three groups:NS group (normal saline, 2ml?kg~(-1)?h~(-1)), HP group (high-dose propofol, 11.2mg?kg~(-1)?h~(-1)), LP group (low-dose propofol, 5.6mg?kg~(-1) ?b~(-1)). These dogs were subjected to 90 min left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusions followed by 200 min of reperfusions. Before administration, 60 min after administration, 60min, 120min, 180min following reperfusion,coronary circulation was assessed by measurement of coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and blood flow of LAD. Result: The values of CPP in HP and LP groups 60 minafter administration were significantly lower than those in NS group before LAD occlusion (P

objective:To evaluate the effeets of Propofol on left ventrieular funetion of aeute myoeardial isehemia-reperfusion injury in eane.Method:Eighteen hybrid dogs(11一14kg)were divided randomly inro three groups:NSgroup(norrnal saline,Zml?kg一l?h一1),HP group(high一dose propofol,11.Zmg?kg一1?h一1),LP group(low一dosepropofol,5.6mg?kg一'?h一').These dogs were subjeeted to a 90一min left anterior deseending eoronary artery oeelu-5 ion followed by 200min of rePerfusion.Before ad而nistrat一on,60min after administration,at oeelusion一90min and60min.12Ornin and180min壬ollowing reperfusion left ventrieular funetion was assessed by measurement of LVSP,LVEDP,dp/dtmax and dP/dtmin.Result:Compared with the baselines,LVSP,dp/dtmax and dP/dtmin 60 min afteradrninistration deereased byg%,17%and 17%respeetively,LVEDP inereased by 80%in HP grouP.120min and180min during reperfusion LVSP.dp/dtmaxanddp/dtmininHPandLPgroupweresignifiea八tlyhigherthanthoseinNs group。.05),LvEDP signifieantly lower than that in NS group(p

Objective To investigate the influence of milrinone on systemic inflammation in the perioperative cardiac valve replacement Methods Twenty patients, scheduled for cardiac valve replacement were randomly divided into 2 groups: milrinone and control groups Before anesthesia induction, a bolus of milrinone 30?g/kg was given in 10min, followed by a continuous infusion of 0 5?g?kg 1 ?min 1 during operation in milrinone group and the same volume of saline was administrated in control group The mixed venous blood samples were obtained from the pulmonary artery at the following points : before induction of anesthesia (T 1), 30min after anesthesia (T 2), 30min after the cross clamping of aorta (T 3 ), 10min and 30min after the declamping (T 4,T 5), 30min and 8 h after CPB(T 6,T 7), 24h and 72 h after operation (T 8,T 9) IL 6, IL 8 and IL 10 were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay Results Compared with those at T 1, the levels of WBC,PMN,IL 6 and IL 8 increased significantly from T 5 to T 9, and IL 10 level rose markedly from T 3 to T 9 (P0 05) Conclusions During CPB and cardiac valve replacement the systemic inflammation is obvious , reaches the peak 30 min after CPB and persists to 72h after operation Perioperative administration of low dose milrinone is effective against the inflammation

Objective This study was designed to evaluate the change in coagulation and platelet function during cardiac surgery using SONOCLOT(SCT), a new coagulation and platelet function analyser which can analyse the whole process of coagulation including platelet function , fibrin formation and fibrinolysis with only 0 4ml of whole blood Methods Thirty ASA Ⅱ Ⅲpatients scheduled for cardiac surgery were studied 15 patients underwent valve replacement (group V) and another 15 patients coronary artery bypass graft (CABG, groupC) under combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0 05mg?kg -1 ,fentanyl 5 10?g kg -1 or propofol 1 1 5mg?kg -1 and vecuronium 0 1 0 2mg?kg -1 and maintained with isoflurane(0 8 1 5MAC) supplemented with intermittent boluses of propofol and fentanyl ECG,SpO 2, P ET CO 2, BP, CVP, PAP, HCT and T were monitored during operation And dopamine, adrenaline, nitroglycerin, milrinone and other vasoactive drugs were used to maintain hemodynamic stability Blood samples were taken before anesthesia (T 1), after induction (T 2), after heparinization 3mg? kg -1 ( T 3) and 5min after protamine administration (T 4) for determination of ACT, clot rate and platelet function using SONOCLOT analysis Platelet counts were checked at T 1 and T 4 Results CPB time was less than 2h in all 30 patients Clot rate was significantly faster at T 2 than at T 1(P