Objecive To discuss a denoise method of gastric impedance signal based on wavelet transform and Stein Unbiased Risk Estimation rule.Methods Firstly,the signal was decomposed by Multi-resolution Analysis(MRA).Secondly,the signal was denoised by Stein Unbiased Risk Estimation rule,whose threshold was adaptive.Results The experimentation results demonstrated that breathing and blood flowing impedance interference could be cancelled effectively by using this method.Conclusion Wavelet analysis provides a new method for further study of gastric motility signal parameter extraction.

Objective To evaluate the inhibited effects of small interfering RNA targeting Rac1(Rac1-siRNA)on rat retinal neovascularization in retinae.Methods Retinal vein occlusion was indueedby retinal photodynamic medthod in 25 Sprague-Dawley rats.Rae1-siRNA vector DNA was injected intothe vitrous of one eye of those rats(gene intervention group),and empty vector DNA was injected into thefellow eye(blank control group).Rae1-siRNA vector was injected in other 25 SD rats without retinal veinocclusion(blank intervention group).Two weeks after injection,fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-dextran was perfused into the hearts of all the rats,and the retinal wholemount was made to observe theneovascularization.The numbers of endothelial cells which break through the internal limiting membranewere counted after hematoxylin-eosin staining.Resuits A massive of neovascularization and FITCleakage were found in blank control group.Small part of neovaseularization and a little FITC leakage wereobserved in the gene intervention group.Retinal vessels were normal in blank intervention group.Compared with blank contrast group and blank intervention group.the difference of the mean numbers ofendothelial cells which broke through the internal limiting membrane in the gene intervention group wassignificant(F=47.168,P=0.000).Conclusion Racl-siRNA can inhibit retinal neovascularizationinduced by retinal vein occlusion in rats.

Objective To know the characteristics of size distribution of the inhalable particles in the indoor air in the condition the under-floor air distribution systems were used and to study the effect of human activities and smoking. Methods The frequency of inhalable particulate matter was determined in Jun.-Jul.,2007. The surface area and mass concentration were calculated based on the assumption that the particulate was sphere and its density was 1g/cm3. The relationship between frequency, surface area, mass concentration and particle size were shown in logarithmic plot. Results It was found that the logarithm of cumulative frequency and the logarithm of diameter was a linear relation, the logarithm of cumulative total surface area and diameter was a linear relation and the logarithm of cumulative total mass and diameter was a linear relation. Particle of no less than 1 micron increased due to human activities, total mass concentration were two times the concentration of no human activities. The particle of no larger than 1 micron may increase due to smoking. Conclusion The diameter of the particle matter has relationship with the cumulative frequency, the cumulative total surface and the cumulative total mass.

Objective To explore the relationship between visceral pleura closure of primary spontaneous pneumotho?rax (PSP) using different diameters of drainage tube and the time of implementing closed chest-drain. Methods According to the diameters of tubes for chest drain they used, 214 patients with PSP were divided into standard tube group (136 cases) and fine catheter group (78 cases). Patients in standard tube group who were inserted chest drain for≤1 d,≤3 d,≤6 d,>6 d included 48, 43, 29 and 16 cases respectively while their counterpart in fine catheter group include 24, 23, 17, 14 cases re?spectively. Closed time of crevasse were noted and incidence of preoperative closed pneumothorax converting into open pneu?mothorax, subcutaneous emphysema and prolonged pain after operation were all recorded. Results There is no statistical difference in closing time of crevasse nor in the distribution of various drainage times (proportions of≤6 d and>6 d are low?er than proportions of≤1 d and≤3 d) between standard tube group [(4.76 ±1.65) d] and fine catheter group [(4.54±1.67) d] (t=0.963). However, in both standard tube group and fine catheter group, closing time of crevasse is shorter if drainage time≤6 d or>6 d than if it≤1 d and≤3 d. Closing time of crevasse show negative correlation with period of chest drain in?sertion in both standard tube group and fine catheter group (P<0.05). The rate of converting from close pneumothorax into open pneumothorax were 51.96%(53/102) and 36.21%(21/58) respectively in standard pipe group and fine catheter group. Furthermore, the incidence of subcutaneous emphysema and prolonged pain were all higher than those in standard tube group than those in the fine catheter group (P<0.05). Conclusion Using closed chest drain to treat patients with PSP, di?ameter of the drain tube did not affect closing time of crevasse. But longer insertion period of chest drain can reduce closing time of crevasse.

Objective To investigate the clinical features, etiological classification and staging of epiretinal macular membrane(MEM). Methods Clinical materials of 194 cases of MEM diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography in outpatient department of eye clinic in this hospital from 1983 to 2000 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were typical clinical symptoms and signs of MEM in all of this 222 eyes of 194 patients. Etiological classification revealed that 4 cases were congenital(2.12%), 22 cases were secondary(11.34%), and 168 cases were idiopathic(86.60%). Staging of course of disease indicated that 119 eyes were in early stage(53.60%), 72 eyes were in middle stage(32.43%), and 31 eyes were in late stage(13.96%). Conclusion MEM may be classified as congenital, secondary and idiopathic type according to its pathogenesis, as early, middle and late stage according to the clinical course of disease. This can be helpful in treating the disease.

Objectives To know the affecting degree of snail status by the flood in schistosomiasis epdemic areas.Methods The eight embankments suffered from disasterous floods and collapsed were selected in Dongting Lake; the changes of snail states and snail-killed etc.Before and after disasterous floods were surveyed by retrospectively. Results In the eight embankments, the snail areas inside embankment increased at different degree except two embankments where snail was not found after disaster, it was 10.8 times of that before disaster; Furthermore, after disaster the snail was found in the embankment enclosing village areas inside where it was not found before disaster; in most of embankments collapsed, the mean density of living snail inside embankment and mean density of infected snail and positive rates of snail outside embankment descended at different degree after disaster. Conclusions Inside embankment, the disastrous floods could lead to snails speading in most of embankments collapsed. Otherwise, outside embankment the flood led to reduce the mean density of infected snail and positive rates of snail in most of embankments collapsed, and the degree of snails spreading was affected by the factors such as the snail states at the collapsed place, mean density of living snail,immersed area by water, mud and sand ect.

Objective To observe the clinical effect ofHuangkui capsule combined with benzbromarone on the treatment of the patients with chronic uric acid nephropathy (CUAN).Methods A total of 60 patients were recruited and divided into the treatment group and the control group by using the random number table method, each group 30 patients. Two groups were treated with conventional treatment, such as low purine, low protein diet, quit smoking and drinking extra water. The control group was added with oral benzbromarone, and the treatment group was added with oralHuangkui capsule. All the treatments last 8 weeks. Theblood uric acid (BUA), serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cystatin C (Cys-C), SOD, 24-hour urinary protein quantity and Urinary sediment red blood cell count were detected by the automatic biochemical analyser.The clinical effect was evaluated by the Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) quality of life questionnaire.Results Compared with the control group, the total effective rate in the treatment group was 86.64% (26/30), which was significantly higher than that of 63.33% (19/30) in the control group (χ2=7.264, P=0.001). After treatment, the BUA (273.52 ± 110.37μmol/Lvs. 331.28 ± 126.54μmol/L,Z=-2.543), BUN (6.24 ± 1.23 mol/Lvs. 8.16 ± 2.35 mol/L,Z=-2.680), SCr (90.37 ± 20.16μmol/Lvs. 110.38 ± 16.72μmol/L,Z=-2.534), Cys C (0.86 ± 0.51 vs. 1.03 ± 0.10,Z=-2.372) in the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.01); SOD (156.37 ± 32.04μmol/Lvs. 43.36 ± 31.52μmol/L,Z=-2.041) in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01); the 24 hours urinary protein (439.86 ± 250.41 mg/24hvs.897.69 ± 213.37 mg/24h,Z=-2.853), urine sediment RBC counts (50.31 ± 14.06 points/μlvs.213.47 ± 38.46 points/μl, Z=-2.106) in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01); the physiological function(43.14 ± 2.06 pointsvs.36.48 ± 3.21 points,Z=10.362), the psychological function (40.76 ± 3.28 points vs. 16.54 ± 3.71 points,Z=9.547), social function (40.74 ± 3.58 points vs. 33.04 ± 5.48 points,Z=6.034), healthy self-awareness (24.57 ± 1.97 points vs. 22.63 ± 3.43 points,Z=4.236) and total score (127.38 ± 6.43 points vs. 107.69 ± 13.57 points,Z=6.754) in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions TheHuangkui capsule combined with benzbromarone could reduce CUAN patient's blood uric acid levels, protect renal function, and improve the quality of life.

The gamma-cyclodextrin-folate (gamma-CD/FA) inclusion-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with folate-receptor (FR) targeted were synthesized by simple and convenient sonochemical method. The products were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), utraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV-vis), fluorescence spectrum and transmission electron micrographs (TEM). The results showed that the gamma-CD/FA-coated CdSe/ZnS QDs not only have good monodispersity and smaller size, but also have good optical performance, such as higher quantum yield (QY) and a long fluorescence lifetime. The cytotoxicity experiments showed that the gamma-CD/FA-coated CdSe/ZnS QDs have lower cytotoxicity and could more effectively enter cancer cells with FR over-expression. The QDs with 4-5 nm in diameter were relatively easy to enter the cell and to be removed through kidneys, so it is more suitable for biomedical applications for bioprobes and bioimaging.

BACKGROUND:It has been clinically confirmed that inhalation of hyperoxic oxygen for 36-48 hours can causes irreversible hyperoxic lung injury.Whether inhaling oxygen less than 50％ can reduce the potential oxygen toxicity in lung injury? OBJECTIVE:To observe the changes of lung ultrastructures after pure xygen inhalation for 7 hours through endotracheal intubation in dogs. DESIGN:A randomized and controlled animal experiment. SETTING:Department of Anesthesiology,Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University.MATERIALS:Totally 20 healthy hybrid dogs (6 females and 14 males),weighing 15-16 kg,were provided by the Animal Experimental Center in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University.BIRD 8400STi respiratory machine (Bird,USA) and HP-M102A multi-functional monitor (HP,USA) were used.METHODS:The experiment was completed in the Experimental Animal Center in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University from July 1999 to January 2000.① Interventions:The dogs were randomly ventilated with either fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 1 (group 1,n =10) or FiO2 of 0.34 (group 2,n =10),there were 3 females and 7 males in each group.All the dogs were ventilated for 7 hours.② Evaluation:The mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored at 1,3,5 and 7 hours after endotracheal intubation.Anesthetic gas monitor (Ohmeda 5250 RGM) was used to observe the fractional inspired oxygen concentration,end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PetCO2), respiratory frequency and peaks of respiratory organs.Changes of lung ultrastructures of right lower lung lobe were observed with electron microscopy after 7-hour mechanical ventilation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:① Hemodynamic parameters; ② Changes of lung ultrastructures. RESULTS:All the 20 dogs were involved in the anlaysis of analysis.① Results of hemodynamic parameters:There was no significant difference between the two groups at each time point mean arterial pressure,PetCO2,peaks of respiratory organs and heart rate (P ＞ 0.05).② Changes of lung ultrastructures:The results of electron microscope showed that in group 1,there were swelling mitochondria was arranged in disorder,less matrix,and hyalomere appeared,thin double-deck membrane in 50％ samples; Interalveolar septum stroma was with edema in 60％ samples;Polymorphonuclear leukocyte gathered in vessel or emigrated out of vessel in 50％ samples; In group 2,double-deck membranes of mitochondria were integral,densely matrix showed micro-granule shape in 90％ samples; Pinocytosis in epithelial cells of type Ⅰ lung strengthened,being destroyed,and pinocytosis in endothelial cells strengthened in 10％ samples; Interalveolar septum stroma was with edema,no polymorphonuclear leukocyte gathered in vessel or emigrated out of vessel or corpuscule was empty in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelium in 20％ samples.CONCLUSION:More pathological ultramicroscopic changes are observed after 7-hour mechanical ventilation with pure oxygen,which reduces after mechanical ventilation with 34％ oxygen.Oxygen concentration should be decreased while long-time mechanical ventilation is executed so as to reduce potential lung injury with oxygen toxicity.