This study was aimed to detect the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in renal tissues of lupus nephritis (LN) mice with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and to investigate that LN could be intervened by fluvastatin at different doses through the inhibition of JNK expression.LN models with cGVHD in mice were established first,and then diseased mice were randomly divided into four groups:normal control,fluvastatin intervention at high-dose group (10 mg/kg),fluvastatin intervention at low-dose group (5 mg/kg) and models without treatment.After killing the mice sixteen weeks later,total urine protein of every mouse was determined by a Biuret colorimetric assay.The protein and mRNA levels of JNK and p-JNK in kidneys were measured by immunohistochemistry,Western blot and RT-PCR,respectively.Compared with normal control,otal urine protein,JNK and p-JNK expressions at both mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in cGVHD group (P ＜0.01),but their expressions were suppressed by fluvastatin treatment (P ＜0.01).JNK may play an important role in the pathogenetic progress of LN in mice,and fluvastatin is able to prevent LN via inhibition of JNK expression in renal tissues in cGVHD mice.

BACKGROUND: Whether horizontal and vertical impacts cause craniocerebral injury of the same degree, and whether serum myelin basic protein (MBP) changes is associated with the direction of impact have been scarcely addressed in previous studies.OBJECTIVE: To observe the change in the serum MBP levels and morphological changes of the brain tissue rabbits with craniocerebral injury resulting from impacts from different directions.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery of a hospital affiliated to a medical university.MATERIALS: This study was conducted in the Central Laboratory of Shenyang Medical College between October 2003 and January 2004. Totally 30 healthy rabbits of either sex were randomly divided into two equal groups to receive vertical and horizontal impact on the head.METHODS: All the rabbits were anesthetized and fixed in prone position onto a table equipped with a device for inducing impact on the head from different directions. Venous blood of 1 mL was taken from the edge of the ear of each rabbit for detecting MBP before injury. The rabbits in vertical impact group received the impact of a hammer falling directly on the parietal bone of the skull. In the horizontal group, the rabbits were subjected to horizontal impact on the lateral side of the skull. Forty-eight hours after the injury, venous blood were again taken for MBP measurement. The rabbits were then killed for pathological examination of the brain.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in serum MBP and pathomorphology of the brain tissues in the two groups after the impact.RESULTS: ① According to intention to treat analysis, all the 30 animals were involved in the experiment. There was no significant difference in serum MBP levels between the two groups before the impact, nor 48 hours after the impact( P ＞ 0.05). In the vertical impact group, serum MBP levels before the impact was( 1.68 ± 0. 86) μg/L, which was significantly lower than that after the impact[ (5.25 ± 1.96) μg/L, t = 3. 226, P ＜ 0. 05]. ② In the horizontal strike group, serum MBP also significantly increased from the level of( 1.70 ± 0.91 ) μg/L before impact to(5.73 ± 2.07) μg/L after that( t = 3. 080, P ＜ 0.05) . ③ After the impact, vasodilation and congestion in the cortex near the midline of the bilateral parietal region and edema in the deep layer of the white matter were observed in the vertical impact group, along with significant enlargement of the extravascular and extracellular space. In the horizontal group, similar changes except those near the midline of the bilateral parietal region took place after the impact; the same pathological changes were also observed in the basal plane, with nearly identical pathological changes in the deep layer of the white matter.CONCLUSION: Vertical and horizontal impacts can both result in almost identical brain injuries demonstrated by similar changes in serum MBP and the pathomorphology of the brain tissues after the impacts.

Objective:To establish an environmental management strategy for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia from the perspective of etiological characteristics and to verify its application effect.Methods:Based on a sampling survey, this study constructed preventive management strategies for ventilator-associated pneumonia by blocking pathogen characteristics from the perspective of both colonization and infection management in patients. From July 2021 to June 2023, a non-synchronous randomized controlled study was conducted, including a control group of 59 cases and an experimental group of 57 cases from ICU of Tianjin Teda Hospital, all of them were mechanically ventilated patients. The effectiveness of the strategy was confirmed.Results:In the control group, there were 35 males and 24 females, with an average age of (46.97 ± 18.84) years. In the experimental group, there were 39 males and 18 females, with an average age of (47.49 ± 13.85) years. During the study period, there were 9 cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the control group and 2 cases in the experimental group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (exact odds ratio=0.031). The duration of mechanical ventilation in the experimental group (122.41 ± 18.36) h, which was shorter than that in the control group (187.62 ± 18.05) h, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=19.28, P<0.05). The length of ICU stay in the experimental group was (8.38 ± 0.79) d, in the control group was (10.99 ± 1.10) d, the difference between them was statistically significant ( t=14.66, P<0.05). On the 7th day, there were 7 cases of positive pathogenic bacteria in sputum culture in the experimental group, which was significantly different from the 29 cases in the control group ( χ2=16.73, P<0.05). Conclusions:The vector management strategy for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia by blocking etiological characteristics can reduce the incidence of VAP, shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay, and reduce the pathogen load in the sputum of mechanically ventilated patients on the 7th day.