AIM: To investigate the effect of 17?-estradiol on insulin action in cultured C2C12 mytoblasts. METHODS: C2C12 mytoblasts were cultured in 35 mm wells of six-well culture plate in an atmosphere of 5% CO 2 at 37℃ in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and penicillin/streptomycin(1?10 5 U/L) to reach 80% confluence. Insulin-resistance C2C12 mytoblasts were obtained by incubating the cells for 24 hours in the presence of a high concentration (5?10 -7 mol/L) of insulin. After treatmented with 17?-estradiol (1 nmol/L and 10 nmol/L, respectively) for 24 hours, C2C12 mytoblasts were performed to measure insulin-stimulated 2-DG uptake and GS, PFK, PK activities. RESULTS: 17?-estradiol enhanced the capacity of insulin-stimulited 2-DG uptake, increased the GS, PFK and PK activities and prevented insulin-induced resistance in cultured C2C12 mytoblasts. CONCLUSION: 17?-estradiol potentiates insulin action and preventes insulin-induced resistance in cultured C2C12 mytoblasts.

AIM: To study the molecular mechanism in modulation of expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 and-2 (IRS-1,-2) by estrogen and high concentration of insulin. METHODS: The 5′-regulatory regions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 gene were cloned into the pGL3 plasmid with luciferase reporter, and the clones were transfected into HeLa cells. The cells were incubated with estradiol (1 nmol/L) and high concentration of insulin (100 nmol/L). The relatively transcriptional activity of the 5′-regulatory regions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 gene was detected. RESULTS: It was found that the relatively transcriptional activity of the 5′-modulatory regions of IRS-2 reduced markedly after cells were incubated with 100 nmol/L insulin (P

AIM:To investigate the influence of ovariectomy and estrogen replacemeot treatment on profile of gene expression in myocardium by cDNA microarray,and to characterize the targeting genes of estrogen.METHODS:cDNA microarray containing 1 400 rat cDNAs was used to study the genes differentially expressed in myocardium between sham(Ⅰ),ovariectomy(Ⅱ,OVX)and estrogen replacement treatment(Ⅲ,OVX+E2)group.Then down-regulated genes in myocardium of OVX rats were further confirmed by RT-PCR.RESULTS:177 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between sham and OVX rats,with 91 genes up-regulated and 86 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.164 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between OVX and OVX+E2 rats,with 113 genes up-regulated and 54 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.There were 54 genes differentially expressed in OVX compared to sham and OVX+E2.They are involved in membrane channels and transporters(18),cell receptors(9),intracellular transducers/effectors/modulator(7)and metabolism(6).Most of the genes(45)were down-regulated in OVX rats and up-regulated in OVX+E2 rats.RT-PCR test confirmed the results of cDNA microarray.CONCLUSIONS:Long-term estrogen replacement may influence the expression of genes involved in membrane channels and transporters,cell receptors,intracellular transducers/effectors/modulator and metabolism.Long-term estrogen replacement has some beneficial effects on ionic concentration and cardiac function which partially comes from the results of influence of expression on Na+,K+-ATPase and Na+/H+ exchanger.Estrogen has an inhibitory effect on the expression of dopamine receptor,which partially clarify the myocardial protection of estrogen.

Objective:To investigate the content and mode of pharmaceutical care for the patients with severe burn and promote the rational use of drugs. Methods:Taking the treatment for one patient with severe burn as example,pharmacists provided pharmaceu-tical care in respects of anti-infection therapy,organ preservation,nutritional support, drug interactions, drug precautions, drug incom-patibility, adverse drug reactions and the effect evaluation . Results:The program of rational drug use was provided for clinics through the implementation of pharmaceutical care. The vital signs of the patient were stable, and then the patient left on pass and continued to be treated with rehabilitation therapy. Conclusion:It is necessary for clinical pharmacists to perform pharmaceutical care for the pa-tients with severe burn,reduce the abuse of drugs and improve the medication safety and effectiveness. Meanwhile, the collaborative service of doctors,pharmacists,nurses and inspectors to patients reflects the value of clinical pharmacists.

Objective To investigate the effect of responsibility contracting system in clinical teaching.Methods One hundred and eighty eights probationers from August 2009 to July 2010 as controls were trained by functional nursing teaching. Another 192 probationers from August 2009 to July 2010 were assigned as the experiment group,and given clinical teaching by way of the Responsibility Contracting System.The teaching effects in the two groups were compared.Results The probationers in the experiment group had significant improvements in the ability to perform health education,manipulation of nursing skills,ability in observation skills,and nursing documents writing,compared to the control group(P<0?01).Conclusions The teaching mode of responsibility contracting system is effective in strengthening the responsibility of probationer nurses,attaching great importance to the implementation of basic nursing,improving students’ability in implementation of health education and performance of skill manipulation and nursing,and eventually improving the level and quality of nursing teaching?

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of periodontal inflammation on the functions of gut barrier (ecological barrier, mechanical barrier, and immune barrier) in mice.

METHODSTwenty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into perio-dontitis (P) or control (C) groups. The P group was subjected under a 10-day ligation with Porphyromonas gingivalis to induce periodontitis, whereas the C group was ligated with sham. Maxillae were obtained to assess alveolar bone loss. The phylogenetic structure and diversity of microbial communities in the gut were analyzed by 16s rRNA pyrosequencing. Immunohisto-chemical analysis was performed to determine the expressions of occludin, claudin2, and NOD2 in the ileum.

RESULTSCom-pared with the C group, the P group displayed significant alveolar bone loss (P<0.001). In addition, no significant influence on the main phyla and genus Parabacteroides of the two groups was observed (P>0.05). However, the ileum of the P group showed significantly upregulated occludin, claudin2, and NOD2 (P=0.039, P=0.011, and P=0.039, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSPeriodontal inflammation influences to some extent the mechanical and immune barrier functions of the mice gut. 
.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; Animals ; Inflammation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Periodontitis ; Phylogeny ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Objective To explore nursing intervention management mode that are suitable for medical environment and resources in outpatient department of stomatology in comprehensive hospitals in China, that are effect in relieving anxiety of patients, and that are with strong operability.Methods According to randomized controlled clinical trial, 208 patients, treated in Department of Stomatology from September to October in 2015, were chosen and were randomly divided into research group and control group, each with 104 cases. Routine nursing was conducted to patients in the control group, while besides that, extra multi-dimensional cognitive intervention was implemented to patients in the research group. Before and after treatment, anxiety of the patients in the two groups was evaluated by dental fear scale (DFS), and their satisfaction towards nursing was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS).Results Before treatment, DFS scores of patients in the research group were (50.07±10.35), and (49.18±11.67) in the control group (t=0.696,P=0.891). After treatment, DFS scores of patients in the research group were (31.27±7.02), significantly lower than before the treatment; while DFS scores of patients in the control group were (55.67±16.93), significantly higher than before the treatment; besides, DFS scores of patients in the research group were significantly lower than that in the control group (t=12.447,P<0.001). Satisfaction towards nursing of patients in the research group was 96.2%, significantly higher than 84.6% in the control group (χ2=137.692,P<0.001).Conclusions The multi-dimensional cognitive intervention can relieve anxiety of patients during dental treatment and improve patients' satisfaction towards nursing.

The coexistence of multiple symptoms of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has caused serious distress to patients. Symptom management based on the premise of grasping the general situation of symptoms becomes the responsibility of the nursing staff. However, the development and use of symptom assessment tools for AIDS populations at China and abroad have not been effectively sorted out and clarified. This article summarizes and analyzes this situation in related fields, aiming to provide reference and basis for future research.

Objective:To explore the effects of family-centered continuous follow-up nursing in neonate delivery among acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) families.Methods:This study adopted the historical control clinical trial design, and randomly selected 60 neonate with preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mother-to-child transmission and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in Department of Pediatrics of Beijing Ditan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University as subjects from January 2015 to December 2017. A total of 30 neonate from January 2015 to June 2016 were in control group, and 30 neonate from July 2016 to December 2017 were in observation group. Control group carried out the routine outpatient follow-up nursing, while observation group implemented the family-centered follow-up nursing. This study compared the success rate and compliance of preventing mother-to-child transmission, nutritional indicators as well as incidence of malnutrition between two groups.Results:The head circumference, height and arm circumference of infants aged 18 months in observation group were better than those in control group with statistical differences ( P<0.05) ; but there was no statistical difference in the weight ( P>0.05) . The success rates of preventing mother-to-child transmission between two groups were all 100%. The compliance with preventing mother-to-child transmission of observation group was higher than that of control group with a statistical difference ( P<0.05) ; rates of missed further consultation and readmission of observation group was lower than those of control group with statistical differences ( P<0.05) . The block therapy knowledge of guardians of observation group was better than those of control group with statistical difference ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Family-centered continuous follow-up nursing can effectively improve the compliance with preventing mother-to-child transmission of infants, reduce rates of missed further consultation and readmission, promote the growth of infants and healthy development of nutritional status.

In recent years, with the improvement of living standards, lifestyle changes, and the advancement of medical examination methods, the detection rate of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased year by year, and it has become one of the important chronic liver diseases that seriously threaten human health worldwide. By far, there has been no ideal and effective treatment for NAFLD. Successful lifestyle intervention is unanimously recognized by experts at home and abroad as the most effective way to change the outcome of the disease. Although many scholars at home and abroad have explored different aspects of diet and exercise for patients with NAFLD in the past two decades, there are still no effective strategies or programs that can be used for reference. Therefore, this study organizes and summarizes relevant articles in recent years, and aims to provide a reference and basis for the future prevention and control of fatty liver and health management in China.