Purpose To explore ultrasonic characteristics of complex fibroadenoma (CF) of breast and its differential diagnosis from invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).Materials and Methods Sixty-one patients with CF and 81 patients with IDC from January 2010 to February 2016 in the Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University were enrolled,and the CF and IDC were confirmed by pathology after operation.The preoperative sonographic findings of CF and IDC were retrospectively analyzed and compared.Results Fifty-nine cases with CF were detected by ultrasonography in 61 cases.Ultrasonic findings of 59 cases of CF showed as follows:79.7％ (47/59) of the CF cases with an aspect ratio ＜0.7;79.7％ (47/59) with blood flow signal of 0 to 1 level;72.9％ (43/59) with liquid dark area,including 67.8％ (40/59) with round or oval cystic fluid area showing local sievelike or diffused distribution;72.9％ (43/59) with irregular shape;61.0％ (36/59) with obscure boundary;61.0％ (36/59) with the largest diameter of tumor ＜2 cm;59.3％ (35/59) with calcifications,including 33.9％ (20/59) with coarse calcification,25.4％ (15/59) with microcalcification and 85.7％ (30/35) with distribution of calcified lesions along the linear high echo zone;54.2％ (32/59) with echo heterogenicity showing linear high echo and high echo in the middle and low echo.There were significant differences in the detection rates of internal regular fluid area,internal linear high echo or high echo area,and alcification distribution along the linear high echo between CF and IDC lesions (all P＜0.01).Compared with IDC,there were higher rates in CF for detecting lesions of largest diameter of tumor ＜2 cm,more regular shape,more clear border,poorer blood flow signal (P＜0.05),but there were lower rates in CF for detecting axillary lymph node enlargement,lesions with edge or spiculation and hyperechoic halo (P＜0.01).Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasonography is of great value in the diagnosis of CF and its differential diagnosis from IDC.

Objective:To study the change of bifrontal metabolite concentration in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its relationship with substantia alba demyelination using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) combined with linear combination of model (LCModel) quantitative technique.Methods:From May 2016 to December 2018, 25 patients with MCI (group A; 12 males, 13 females, age (60.5±5.2) years) and 15 healthy control subjects (group B; 6 males, 9 females, age (59.5±3.5) years) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College were prospectively enrolled. The MCI patients were classified into 2 subgroups according to MRI results: group A1 with substantia alba demyelination (7 males, 4 females, age (62.1±3.9) years) and group A2 without substantia alba demyelination (5 males, 9 females, age (59.2±5.8) years). Software LCModel was used to quantitatively analyze the MRS original data and measure the absolute concentration of N-acetylaspartate compound (NAA), creatine compound (Cr), choline-containing compound (Cho), myoinositol (mI) and ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, mI/Cr, NAA/mI in bilateral frontal lobe. Independent-sample t test was used to analyze the inter-group differences of the above parameters, while Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze correlations between the above parameters and cognitive function scores. Results:Compared with group B, group A had higher mI of both left and right frontal lobes (left: (5.19±1.28) vs (4.32±0.83), right: (4.87±1.11) vs (3.85±0.98); t values: 2.34, 2.93, both P<0.05); the mI/Cr of right frontal lobe in group A was also higher (1.19±0.31 vs 0.98±0.25; t=2.21, P<0.05), while the NAA/mI of right frontal lobe was lower (1.37±0.34 vs 1.78±0.47; t=-3.16, P<0.01). Differences of other parameters between group A and group B, and those between group A1 and group A2 were not significantly different ( t values: -1.70 to 1.35, all P>0.05). The mI of right frontal lobe was negatively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score( r values: -0.35, -0.38, both P<0.05), on the contrary, NAA/mI of right frontal lobe was positively correlated with the cognitive function scores ( r values: 0.43, 0.40, both P<0.05). Conclusion:MCI may be related to the loss or dysfunction of neurons in the right frontal lobe, and MRS can provide theoretical basis for early recognition of MCI to some extent.

To analyze the clinical characteristics,imaging and pathological features of 1 case with partial right lung atelectasis and summarize the relevant domestic reports on the false positive of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and tumor markers.The patient was diagnosed by PET-CT as partial atelectasis and there were progressive increases of CEA,CA199 and CA242.But site of lesion biopsy showed no malignancy.After treatments of anti-inflammatory and eliminating phlegm,the tumor markers returned to normal and the lesion site had excellent re-expansion.The detection of PET-CT plus tumor markers may have false positive probability.The reason is probably related with inflammation and glandular secretion of lesion site.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of the ligustrazine injection on rats models of experimental high intraocular pressure induced by retina ischemia-reperfusion.Methods Thirty two SD rats were divided into four groups randomly:the ligustrazine group,the model group,the normal group and the vitamine E group.The ischemia-reperfusion model is established by increasing intraocular pressure to 110mmHg in rat eyes.The ligustrazine group was treated with the ligustrazine injection,the vitamine E group with gastric gavage of vitamine E,and the model and normal groups with distilled water.The period of treatment was 7 days.The histopathologic changes were observed under the optical microscope and the electron microscope,meanwhile the SOD and MDA were measured.Results After ischemia for 60 min and reperfusion for 48 h,the cells in retinal ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer were thinned under optical microscope,perinuclear karyopyknosis and apoptotic bodies appeared in retinal ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer under electron microscope,SOD activity decreased and MDA level increased.After treatment,the morphology of retinal ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer was improved obviously,SOD activity increased and MDA level decreased.It is suggested that ligustrazine injection exerts anti-ischemic and anti-hypoxic and cytomembrane stabilizing effects to a certain extent.Conclusion The ligustrazine injection is an effective traditional Chinese medicine in treating retinal ischemia.

AIM: To study the molecular mechanism in modulation of expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 and-2 (IRS-1,-2) by estrogen and high concentration of insulin. METHODS: The 5′-regulatory regions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 gene were cloned into the pGL3 plasmid with luciferase reporter, and the clones were transfected into HeLa cells. The cells were incubated with estradiol (1 nmol/L) and high concentration of insulin (100 nmol/L). The relatively transcriptional activity of the 5′-regulatory regions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 gene was detected. RESULTS: It was found that the relatively transcriptional activity of the 5′-modulatory regions of IRS-2 reduced markedly after cells were incubated with 100 nmol/L insulin (P

AIM:To investigate the influence of ovariectomy and estrogen replacemeot treatment on profile of gene expression in myocardium by cDNA microarray,and to characterize the targeting genes of estrogen.METHODS:cDNA microarray containing 1 400 rat cDNAs was used to study the genes differentially expressed in myocardium between sham(Ⅰ),ovariectomy(Ⅱ,OVX)and estrogen replacement treatment(Ⅲ,OVX+E2)group.Then down-regulated genes in myocardium of OVX rats were further confirmed by RT-PCR.RESULTS:177 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between sham and OVX rats,with 91 genes up-regulated and 86 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.164 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between OVX and OVX+E2 rats,with 113 genes up-regulated and 54 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.There were 54 genes differentially expressed in OVX compared to sham and OVX+E2.They are involved in membrane channels and transporters(18),cell receptors(9),intracellular transducers/effectors/modulator(7)and metabolism(6).Most of the genes(45)were down-regulated in OVX rats and up-regulated in OVX+E2 rats.RT-PCR test confirmed the results of cDNA microarray.CONCLUSIONS:Long-term estrogen replacement may influence the expression of genes involved in membrane channels and transporters,cell receptors,intracellular transducers/effectors/modulator and metabolism.Long-term estrogen replacement has some beneficial effects on ionic concentration and cardiac function which partially comes from the results of influence of expression on Na+,K+-ATPase and Na+/H+ exchanger.Estrogen has an inhibitory effect on the expression of dopamine receptor,which partially clarify the myocardial protection of estrogen.

Objective To discuss the feasibility of Monte Carlo N-particle transport code(MCNP)simulated calculation.Methods The calculation in water phantom was contrasted with the practical measurements and the reported values using the percent depth dose(PDD)curve and normal peak scatter factor.Results There Was no significant difference between calculated and measured results in the 10 cm×10 cm field(t＝-0.41,P>0.05),however,there were significant differences in the 5 cm×5 cm field(t=7.2,P<0.05)and in the 12 cm×12 cm field(t=-4.6,P<0.05).There was no significant difierence between the calculated results and the reported values(t=-1.91,P>0.05).In the same radiation field,the PDD decreased as the depth increased,but increased as the size of the radiation field increased at the same depth.PDD and normal peak scatter factor were both important parameters for calculation of prescribed dose.Conclusions It is possible to establish a set of accurate and comprehensive percent depth doses and normal peak scatter factor parameters so as to provide the basis of clinical use, quality assurance and quality control for radiotherapy.

Objective To observe the correlation between CD4+ CD29+ T cells and metastasis and radiotherapy for patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Method Seventy-one patients with lung adenocarcinoma, 93 patients with lung adenocarcinoma ,76 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),63 cases of healthy volunteers were enrolled. Frequencies of blood CD4+ CD29+ T cells and their intracellular necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin 1(IL-1)were compared. Compare TNF-α,IL-1,integrin beta 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)levels in the patients with transferred pulmonary adenocarcinoma or with non-transferred pulmonary adenocarcinoma and their changes with the treatment of radiotherapy. Results the patients with lung adenocarcinoma and non lung adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than that of COPD and health group,and patients with lung adenocarcinoma is significantly higher than patients with non lung adenocarcinoma (P<0.05);Integrin beta 1,VEGF and CD4+CD29+T cells,TNF-αand IL-1 level in patients with lung adeno-carcinoma metastasis were significantly higher than non-transferred group(P < 0.05);After radiotherapy,CD4+CD29+T cells,TNF-αand IL-1 in patients with lung adenocarcinoma were significantly lower than before(P<0.05);CD4+ CD29+ T cells,TNF alpha and IL-1 with integrin beta 1 and VEGF had significantly positive correlations. Conclusion CD4+CD29+T cells and cytokines increase significantly in the blood of patients with lung adenocarci-noma,and are related to the prognosis of metastasis and radiation therapy,which has important clinical significance.

Objective To investigate ultrasonic findings of pure invasive micropapillary carcinoma (PIMPC) of breast. Methods A total of 18 patients with surgically confirmed PIMPC and 40 patients with surgically confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) treated between January 2010 and August 2015 in Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination, were included in the study. To compared with the postoperative pathological examination, the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastasis was discussed.Ultrasound findings of PIMPC and pathological results were compared. Results Ultrasound analysis of PIMPC masses identified predominantly hypoechoic lesions and irregular shape 100% (18/18), obscure lesion boundaries 88.9% (16/18), spiculated or angular margins 83.3% (15/18), combined microcalcifications 83.3% (15/18), with posterior acoustic enhancement or normal 88.9% (16/18), dcrab claws changes 77.7% (14/18),witout hyperechoic halo72.2% (13/18) and with 0- Ⅰ grade flow signals 55.6% (10/18). Compared to the IDC, the PIMPC had lower proportions in long speculation, hyperechoic halo, aspect ratio ≥ 0.7, posterior echo attenuation, Ⅱ- Ⅲ grade blood flow signals (P < 0.05), while their lesions in the maximal tumor size,shape, boundary, edge bur, microcalcification has no significance (P>0.05). The rate of lymph node metastasis of PIMPC was 72.2% (13/18), which was significantly higher than that of IDC 45.0% (18/40) (t=3.697,P=0.05). 13 cases were pathologically confirmed lymph nodes metastasis in 18 cases, and among them, the ultrasound indicated abnormal 46.2% (6/13), and showed abnormal cortex and medulla structure 30.8% (4/13), eccentric lymph door 30.8% (4/13), poor blood flow signals 38.5% (5/13). The sensitivity, specificity,positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of PIMPC lymph node metastasis by preoperative ultrasound were respectively 46.2%, 60.0%, 75.0%, 30.0%, 50.0%. Ultrasound performance of PIMPC has a certain relationship with its special pathological characteristics. Sonography findings were compared with pathological results: Microscopically, PIMPC cell arranged as pseudo-papillary or tubuloalveolar structures floating in empty spaces; PIMPC with 0-Ⅰ grade flow signals were seen that the small amount of new blood vessels of the tumor were mainly found in the pellucid zone around the cell clusters under the microscope, while IDC with Ⅱ - Ⅲ grade blood flow signals were found that more regenerated blood vessels were distributed in the collagen fibers. PIMPC witout hyperechoic halo were noticed that under the microscope, there were no fibrous tissue clusters in the edge of the tumor, meanwhile, IDC with hyperechoic halo were discovered that fibrous tissue was seen at the edge of the mass of the lens. Conclusions Ultrasound performance of PIMPC has a close relationship with its special pathological characteristics. To be familiar with ultrasound characteristic of PIMPC is significant for improving its ultrasound detection rate.