OBJECTIVE: To establish the quality stangard of Erkening misture.METHODS:Raphanus sativus and Fritillaria thunbergii were identifided by TLC, and the content of the Baicalin in Erkening misture was determinated by HPLC. RESULTS: The TLC spots of Raphanus sativus and Fritillaria thunbergii were distinctive. The linear range of Baicalin was 0.319～2.64 ?g (r=0.999 3). The average recovery was 99.56%, and RSD was 0.83% (n=9). CONCLUSION: This established standard can be used for the quality control of the Erkening misture.

Cognitive dysfunction is associated with common symptoms of people with epilepsy, mainly declining in attention, memoryand planning ability to judge. With the change of medical model, cognitive rehabilitation should be comprised in epileptic therapeuticschemes by doctors. The relationship between epilepsy and cognition has attracted more and more attention. This article summarized thecognitive influencing factors in epilepsy itself, treatments and social psychological factors in order to explain the mechanism of the effect ofcognitive function.

Objective To investigate the relationships between parameters of serum iron metabolism and liver in-flammatory activity grades, and to find out the difference in parameters of serum iron metabolism between patients with hepa-titis B and patients with hepatitis C. Methods A total of 166 patients with viral hepatitis were enrolled in this study, in-cluding 135 case of hepatitis B and 31 cases of hepatitis C. The serum iron metabolism indexes including serum iron (SI), se-rum ferritin (SF), transferring (TRF), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were collected, and the transferring saturation (TS), al-anine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL) and albumin (ALB) were calculated. Thirty-nine patients were selected from 135 hepatitis B patients by corresponding gender, age and liver function with 31 hep-atitis C patients. The indicators of iron metabolism were compared between two groups. Results There was a positive corre-lation between age , TRF and TIBC. There were positive correlations between SI, SF, TS and ALT, AST, TBIL respectively, and negative correlations between SF, TS and ALB. TRF and TIBC were negatively correlated with ALT, AST and TBIL, but positively correlated with ALB (rs=0.551,P<0.001). The value of SF was significantly higher in patients with hepatitis C than that of patients with hepatitis B. The levels of TRF and TIBC were significantly lower in patients with hepatitis C than those of patients with hepatitis B (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in SI and TS between two groups. Conclu-sion There was a significant correlation between parameters of serum iron metabolism and live inflammatory activity grades. The iron overload phenomenon is much common in patients with chronic hepatitis C than that of patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Nursing experiences on 4 children with organic acidemia were summarized. The nursing care focused on correct collection of samples for early diagnosis,prompt opening of an effective intravenous route to manage water,electrolyte,acid-base and metabolic imbalances,special medication nursing,strict diet control to prevent relapse,health education to keep normal growth and development. Three children were followed up for 1 month,7 months and 1 year respectively with disease controlled and a child was withdrawn treatment from.

Objective To investigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)signal pathway in the spinal cord in the development of chronic morphine tolerance.Methods Thirty healthy male SD rats weighing 300-350 g in which intrathecal(IT)catheters were successfully implanted without complication were randomly divided into 3 groups(n = 10 each): group Ⅰ control(group C);group Ⅱ morphine tolerance(group M)and group Ⅲ morphine tolerance + PD98059(ERK upstream kinase MEK inhibitor)(group P).Morphine tolerance was induced with IT morphine 10 μg twice a day for 7 consecutive days.In group P PD98059 10 μg was injected IT at 30 min before each morphine administration.Tail flick latency(TFL)(the time between the onset of heat stimulus and voluntary tail withdrawal)was measured once a day at 30 min after first IT morphine administration and at 1 day after last IT morphine.Maximum analgesic effect(MPE)was calculated.MPE =(TFL after IT morphine - baseline TFL)/(12 - baseline TFL)× 100%.The animals were sacrificed after last TFL measurement.The L3-5 segment of the spinal cord was isolated for determination of the expression of μ-receptor and phosphorylated ERK 1/2(p-ERK1/2)by Western blot analysis and fluoroimmunoassay.Results Morphine tolerance was induced in group M and M + P.MPE was higher in group P than in group M.The expression of μ-receptor in spinal dorsal horn was significantly lower while the p-ERK1/2 expression was higher in group M than in group C.IT PD98059 significantly up-regulated μ-receptor expression and down-regulated p-ERK expression in group P as compared with group M.Conclusion ERK signal pathway is involved in the development of chronic morphine tolerance in rats.

Objective To investigate the role of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the induction of neuronal apoptosis in spinal dorsal horn in chronic morphine tolerant rats. Methods Twenty healthy male SD rats weighing 300-350 g in which intrathecal (IT) catheter was successfully implanted without complication were randomized into 4 groups ( n = 5 each): group Ⅰ control ( group C);group Ⅱ morphine ( group M );group Ⅲ morphine +RU38486 (GR antagonist) (group MR) and group Ⅳ morphine + dexamethasone (GR agonist) (group MD).Normal saline 10 μl, morphine 10 μg, morphine 10 μg + RU38486 2 μg and morphine 10μg + dexamethasone 4 μg were injected IT twice a day at 8:00 and 20:00 for6 consecutive days in group C, M, MR and MD respectively. Tail flick latency (TFL) to a thermal nociceptive stimulus was measured every day at 30 min after IT administration in the morning (8:00). Hyperalgesia was considered to be a sign of morphine tolerance. The animals were killed at 7 days after IT drug administration. The L3-5 segment of the spinal cord was isolated for determination of neuronal apoptosis in spinal dorsal horn by TUNEL staining. Apoptotic index was calculated ( the number of apoptotic neurons/the total number of neurons × 100% ). Results TFL was significantly prolonged at day 1 and 3 of IT morphine 10 μg twice a day and returned to baseline at day 5 and 7 indicating morphine tolerance. RU38486 inhibited while dexamethasone enhanced morphine tolerance. IT morphine significantly increased the number of apoptotic neurons in spinal dorsal horn. Morphine-induced neuronal apoptosis was decreased by IT RU38486 and increased by IT dexamethasone. Conclusion Glucocorticoid receptors may be involved in morphine tolerance by inducing neuronal apoptosis in spinal dorsal horn.

Objective To investigate the genetype distribution of mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC).Methods A total of 300 cases nasopharyngeal aspirate were collected from our hospital.The MP genes of standard strains and clinical specimens isolates were amplified by PCR followed by DHPLC and genetype determination.Results A total of 110 cases were positive after 24 hours fermentation from 300 cases with pharyngeal swab.By the specific primers of MP-129,MP-FH standard strain and specimens,2 280 bp and 2 580 bp gene fragments were made out respectively.One hundred and ten strains of clinical isolates were detected by DHPLC.One hundred and seven strains of P1-Ⅰ were 1b subtype,3 were type P1-Ⅱ which were all 2a subtype.Conclusion The genetype of MP infection in children from our hospital is P1-Ⅰ,1b subtype by using DHPLC technology.

Background and purpose:Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN) is a spectrum of disease arising from trophoblastic cells, and the majority of patients with GTN have favorable outcome because of the sensi-tivity to chemotherapy. While the cure rate for high-risk patients is still 70% to 80% as a result of drug resistance and disease recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with high-risk GTN.Methods:The clinical records of patients with high-risk GTN treated in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from Jan. 2003 to Jan. 2013 were analyzed and reviewed retrospectively from the aspect of different treatment.Results:Fifty-one patients with high-risk GTN were admitted to this hospital. Among 51 high-risk GTN patients, 46 patients were evaluated retrospectively and 5 patients were excluded for incomplete treatments. Of the 46 patients with high-risk GTN, 27 patients were treated by chemotherapy alone, 19 patients received chemotherapy and adjuvant surgical therapy. Forty-four patients received EMA-CO (VP-16+Act-D+MTX/VCR+CTX) as a ifrst-line chemotherapy, 81.82% (36/44) had complete remission and 8 patients developed resistance to EMA-CO. EMA-EP (VP-16+Act-D+MTX/VP-16+cisplatin) was used as second-line chemotherapy for the 8 patients resistant to EMA-CO, 6 patients (2 underwent adjuvant surgical therapy) achieved remission and 2 patients died as a result of drug-resistance and disease progression. For the remaining 2 patients, one was treated by 5-FU+KSM and pulmonary resection, and the other was treated by MTX for misdiagnosis as ectopic pregnancy and then converted to EMA-CO for the pathological diagnosis of choriocarcinoma after surgery. Both of them achieved complete remission. Ultimately, 95.65% (44/46)patients achieved complete remission. Among the 19 patients who underwent adjuvant surgical therapy, 94.70% (18/19) patients achieved complete remission after chemotherapy and adjuvant surgery, and the remaining one patient died of disease progression.Conclusion:Standard combination chemotherapy is crucial in the treatment of high-risk GTN. The role of adjuvant surgery in the management of high-risk GTN should not be underestimated.

BACKGROUND:To design and fabricate a novel three-dimensional thermoresponsive polymer cel scaffold is one of the hot topics in the research of polymer science. OBJECTIVE: To prepare three different kinds of thermoresponsive acelular carriers and to evaluate their performance. METHODS:The copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide temperature acelular scaffold, macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide temperature acelular scaffold and macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide crosslinking aldehyde sodium alginate thermoresponsive acelular scaffold were prepared. The specific surface area, thermoresponsive performance, porosity, pore size and biocompatibility of these three groups of scaffolds were determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The specific surface area of copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide thermoresponsive acelular scaffold, macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide thermoresponsive acelular scaffold and macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide crosslinking aldehyde sodium alginate thermoresponsive celular scaffold was respectively 135, 386, 421 m2/g. The lower critical solution temperature was 30, 28.5, 29.5℃. The cel toxicity reaction was respectively grade 2, 2, 1. These indicators showed that the three kinds of scaffolds were provided with a temperature-sensitive characteristics and similar lower critical solution temperature. The biocompatibility of macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide crosslinking aldehyde sodium alginate thermoresponsive acelular scaffold was significantly better than the other two scaffolds. The porosity and pore size of macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide thermoresponsive acelular scaffold and macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide crosslinking aldehyde sodium alginate thermoresponsive acelular scaffold were greater than those of the copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide thermoresponsive acelular scaffold (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide thermoresponsive acelular scaffold and macroporous copolymer N-isopropylacrylamide crosslinking aldehyde sodium alginate thermoresponsive acelular scaffold have more obvious pore structure.

Objective To analyze the imaging manifestations of chondromyxoid fibroma,so as to improve diagnostic accuracy.Methods The X-ray,CT and MRI manifestations of 8 cases with chondromyxoid fibroma confirmed by surgical pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results All of 8 cases were in the long tubular bones.X-ray showed oval,well defined,eccentric,radiolucent lesion with surrounding sclerosis.The thick dense bony or coarse reticular septation were seen in 6 cases.CT scan showed osteolytic,surrounding sclerosis,and 1 case with foci of calcification.MRI images showed a low or medium signal on T1WI,high signal on T2WI,1 case with a equal T1WI and slight high T2WI signal intensity peripheral rim around.Two cases with diffused enhancement on T1WI after intravenous injection of gapentetate acid meglumine injection and a peripheral liner enhancement in 1 case.Conclusion Chondromyxoid fibroma has certain imaging characteristics,but should be combined with X-ray,CT and MRI to differentiate from other bone tumors with similar imaging manifestations.