Objective To study the changes of liver blood flow with or without portal vein thrombus (PVTT) in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The hepatocellular carcinoma patients with PVTT (n=26) and without PVTT (n=35) were enrolled. The diameter and the velocity of hepatic arterial (HA) and portal vein (PV) were measured with color Doppler flow imaging in all patients. Results In the patients with PVTT, the diameter of PV dilated and the velocity of PV dropped significantly and the velocity of HA rised obviously, as compared with those without PVTT. Conclusion The index of HA and PA is very important to guide the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Three-parent test tube baby technology is important to solve the mitochondrial genetic disease.Once available,it raises greatly ethical controversy such as breaking traditional family values,hitting the religious belief,existing unknown risks,correctly handling the failed embryo,as well as the influence on the social status of the babies.Regarding these controversy,we can discuss it from several aspects.Because the development of ethics is behind the progress of science and technology,we should affirm the value of three-parent test tube baby technology and balance the development of science and technology with respecting the religious beliefs.Strict supervision system and standard application system reflect our respect for life.Incomprehension to the unknown things should become the motivation of our inquiry.We should face up to our fear of three-parent test tube baby technology,and thus to strengthen research and deepen understanding.Based on the above argument,this paper puts forward the ethical principles that should be followed in the development of three-parent test tube baby technology,namely respect,benefit,no harm and justice.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of muscone in Aiweixin oral liquid. METHODS:After extracting sample by butanol,GC-MS was performed on the column of BD-17 MS with the volume temperature of 270 ℃;the carrier gas was helium with the sample size of 1 μl at the flow rate of 10 ml/min;the split ratio was 20∶1. EI was ion source with the electron energy of 70 eV,ion source temperature of 230 ℃ and quadrupole temperature of 150 ℃;the tuning mode was automatic tuning by quality full scanning with the threshold value of 30 in the range of 30-600 aum. RESULTS:The linear range of muscone was 12.216-61.08 ng(r=0.999 6);RSD of precision test was lower than 2% and the RSDs of reproducibility and stability tests were lower than 3%;the average recovery was 100.24%(RSD=1.58%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is sensitive, rapid and simple,and can be used for the content determination of muscone in Aiweixin oral lipid.

ObjectiveTo investigate the significance of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) S-100B protein and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in the pathogenesis of brain injury of viral encephalitis.MethodsForty-two patients with viral encephalitis (viral encephalitis group) and 40 patients with other disease at the corresponding time period(control group) were involved in this study.CSF (routine,biochemistry and cytology) was detected,and the levels of S-100B protein and VEGF in CSF were detected by ABC-ELISA method.ResultsWhite blood cell count was (0-584) × 106/L in viral encephalitis group,and (0-200) × 106/L in control group.The levels of protein and glucose in CSF had no significant difference between two groups (P＞ 0.05),and the level of chloride in CSF in viral encephalitis group was significantly lower than that in control group[ ( 110.10 ± 31.22 ) mmol/L vs.( 123.80 ± 6.32 ) mmol/L ] (P =0.006).In viral encephalitis group,cytological examination showed that mixed type cytological reaction was in 6 cases (14.3％,6/42).The level of S-100B protein in viral encephalitis group [25.04-47.97 (28.37 ± 6.09) ng/L] was significantly higher than that in control group[ 25.04-29.64(26.03 ± 0.90) ng/L ] (t =2.462,P =0.018).The level of VEGF in viral encephalitis group[88.84～143.77(96.24 ± 13.38) ng/L] was significantly higher than that in control group [89.15～96.18 (90.67 ± 1.71 ) ng/L] (t =2.673,P =0.011 ).ConclusionsThe high levels of S-100B protein and VEGF in CSF could support the viral encephalitis diagnosis.Tracking the levels of S-100B protein and VEGF in CSF dynamically have noticeable effect on checking the condition of viral encephalitis patients.

n be used as a potential marker in the diagnosis of PCa. However, it can not be used as an index to monitor tumor progression or prognosis in PCa patients.

Since CRISPR/Cas9 has been discovered,it opens a new era for gene therapy with its low cast,high efficiency,short cycle,easy operation and other characteristics.In 2015,Huang Junjiu had used the technique to nodify human embryonic cell for the first time,leading to widespread attention at home and abroad.For nearly 50 years,ethical discussion of gene therapy has never stopped.Through reviewing the development of gene therapy,this paper analyzed several key issues of ethical controversy in gene therapy,such as safety,effectiveness,justice,right,interest orientation and so on,and put forward that gene therapy and ethics are not two opposite sides and cannot be treated separately,the development of gene therapy should follow certain ethical norms and technical norms and it should use the bioethical principles to direct gene therapy.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of needling Danzhong(CV 17) in the treatment of postpartum hypogalactia and provide clinical evidence for indications of the point. Methods: A multi-centre single-blind randomized controlled trial was carried out. Two hundred and seventy-six puerperal women with postpartum hypogalactia were randomly allocated into acupuncture group and herb group, and respectively treated for three consecutive days. The degree of mammary fullness, the amount of milk secreted, prolactin, baby weight, the frequency and volume of artificial feeding, the number of infant urination events, and the duration of baby crying were observed. The clinical curative effects on postpartum hypogalactia were compared. Results: Hypogalactia was effectively treated in both acupuncture and herb groups. There were statistically significant differences in degree of mammary fullness, amount of milk secreted, baby weight, the frequency and amount of artificial feeding, and the number of infant urination events between pretreatment and post-treatment, but no difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference in prolactin in the acupuncture group and there was a difference in prolactin in the herb group between pretreatment and posttreatment. Conclusion: Needling Danzhong(CV 17) can effectively promote lactation.

Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) regulating the expressions of IL-1β and IL-23 in mouse keratinocytes (KCs).Methods:Primary KCs were isolated from the skin of 400 newborn male and female wild type C57BL/6 mice and cultured in 24-well plates with Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 medium containing fetal bovine serum in the volume fraction of 10% for the following experiments. (1) The cells were divided into phosphate buffer solution (PBS) control group and IL-17A stimulation group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), which were cultured with 10 μL PBS or 10 μL IL-17A in the mass concentration of 100 ng/mL for 6 hours, respectively. The expression levels of IL-1β and IL-23 mRNA in cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), with 3 samples in each group. (2) The cells were divided into dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control group, IL-17A+ DMSO group, IL-17A+ nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor group, IL-17A+ signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor group, IL-17A+ extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) inhibitor group, IL-17A+ ERK2 inhibitor group, and IL-17A+ c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor group. The reagents were added to cells in corresponding groups respectively and cultured for 6 hours. The volume of each reagent was 10 μL, the mass concentration of IL-17A was 100 ng/mL, and the molarity concentrations of NF-κB, STAT3, ERK1, ERK2, JNK signal pathway inhibitors PDTC, S3I-201, SCH772984, SCH772984, SP600125 were 5 μmol/L, 100 μmol/L, 4 nmol/L, 1 nmol/L, and 10 μmol/L, respectively. The expression levels of IL-1β mRNA and IL-23 mRNA in cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR, with 3 samples in each group. (3) The cells were grouped and treated the same as those in experiment (1). The levels of NF-κB phosphorylation, STAT3 phosphorylation, ERK phosphorylation, and JNK phosphorylation were detected by Western blotting, with 3 samples in each group. Data were statistically analyzed with two-tailed Student t test, one-way analysis of variance, t test, and Bonferroni correction. Results:(1) After culture of 6 hours, compared with those in PBS control group, the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-23 mRNA in cells in IL-17A stimulation group were significantly increased ( t=13.46, 6.72, P<0.01). (2) After culture of 6 hours, the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-23 mRNA in cells in DMSO control group, IL-17A+ DMSO group, IL-17A+ NF-κB inhibitor group, IL-17A+ STAT3 inhibitor group, IL-17A+ ERK1 inhibitor group, IL-17A+ ERK2 inhibitor group, and IL-17A+ JNK inhibitor group were 1.00±0.11, 4.01±0.32, 0.32±0.06, 1.76±0.43, 3.62±0.24, 3.80±0.43, 4.26±0.74 and 1.03±0.29, 4.08±0.34, 4.76±0.38, 4.70±0.21, 1.06±0.42, 0.92±0.21, 0.39±0.05, respectively. Compared with those in DMSO control group, the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-23 mRNA in cells in IL-17A+ DMSO group were significantly increased ( t=9.24, 12.60, P<0.01). Compared with that in IL-17A+ DMSO group, the expression level of IL-1β mRNA was significantly decreased in cells in IL-17A+ NF-κB inhibitor group and IL-17A+ STAT3 inhibitor group ( t=11.34, 6.91, P<0.01). Compared with that in IL-17A+ DMSO group, the expression level of IL-23 mRNA was significantly decreased in cells in IL-17A+ ERK1 inhibitor group, IL-17A+ ERK2 inhibitor group, and IL-17A+ JNK inhibitor group ( t=12.44, 13.03, 15.21, P<0.01). (3) After culture of 6 hours, compared with those in PBS control group, the levels of NF-κB phosphorylation, STAT3 phosphorylation, ERK phosphorylation, and JNK phosphorylation in cells in IL-17A stimulation group were significantly increased. Conclusions:IL-17A promotes the transcription of IL-1β in mouse KCs through the phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3 pathways and IL-23 through the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK pathways.

Objective: To investigate the effects of over expression and low expression of antisense transcripts of circular RNA cerebellar degeneration associated protein 1 (CDR1as) in Balb/C mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on factors related to osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Methods: BMSCs were cultured and identified in vitro. The lentiviral (LV) vector containing the overexpressed and silenced circRNA CDR1as genes and the control lentivirus were respectively transfected into mouse BMSCs, and stable cell lines were screened. The cells were divided into the circRNACDR1as over expression group and the over expression control group, and the CircRNACDR1as low expression group and the low expression control group. The components were stained with Alizarin Red S and alkaline phosphatase after 14 and 21 days of osteoinduction; qRT-PCR was used to detect the target genes circRNA CDR1as, osteogenic differentiation markers alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt- related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), osterix(Osx), collagen I (COL-1), and the mRNA expression levels of vascular endothelial grown factor (VEGF) and angiogenin-1 (Ang-1). Results: The results of alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining showed that the extracellular matrix calcium precipitation and ALP staining area of the over expression experimental group was greater than its control group, and those of the low expression experimental group was less than its control group. As the number of days of osteogenic induction increased, the calcium precipitation and ALP staining in each group also increased. RT-PCR results showed that the mRNA expression levels of circRNA CDR1as, ALP, RUNX2, OCN, OPN, OSX, COL-1, VEGF and Ang-1 in the over expression experimental group BMSCs were significantly increased (P<0.001). In the low expression experimental group, the mRNA expression levels of circRNA CDR1as, ALP, RUNX2, OCN, OPN, OSX, COL-1, VEGF and Ang-1 in BMSCs were significantly reduced (P<0.001). Conclusion Over expression of the circRNA CDR1as gene promotes the osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of BMSCs. Low expression of the circRNA CDR1as gene inhibits the osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of BMSCs.

METTL3 and METTL14 are two components that form the core heterodimer of the main RNA m6A methyltransferase complex (MTC) that installs m6A. Surprisingly, depletion of METTL3 or METTL14 displayed distinct effects on stemness maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC). While comparable global hypo-methylation in RNA m6A was observed in Mettl3 or Mettl14 knockout mESCs, respectively. Mettl14 knockout led to a globally decreased nascent RNA synthesis, whereas Mettl3 depletion resulted in transcription upregulation, suggesting that METTL14 might possess an m6A-independent role in gene regulation. We found that METTL14 colocalizes with the repressive H3K27me3 modification. Mechanistically, METTL14, but not METTL3, binds H3K27me3 and recruits KDM6B to induce H3K27me3 demethylation independent of METTL3. Depletion of METTL14 thus led to a global increase in H3K27me3 level along with a global gene suppression. The effects of METTL14 on regulation of H3K27me3 is essential for the transition from self-renewal to differentiation of mESCs. This work reveals a regulatory mechanism on heterochromatin by METTL14 in a manner distinct from METTL3 and independently of m6A, and critically impacts transcriptional regulation, stemness maintenance, and differentiation of mESCs.
Animals ; Mice ; Methylation ; Chromatin ; Histones/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger/genetics* ; Methyltransferases/metabolism* ; RNA/metabolism*