Hypoxia, one major characteristic of malignant solid tumors, not only changes the biological characteristics of tumor cells, but also is the main cause of the failure for conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This paper summarizes the implications of tumor hypoxia and the corresponding techniques,then we present the change in tumor biological characteristics induced by hypoxia. Next we analyze the cause of tumor resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. And finally,We discuss the three antitumor strategies targeting hypoxia, which opens a new path to conquer cancer.[

Objective To investigate the chemical costituents from Drymaria diandra. Methods Compounds were separated and purified by repeated column chromatographies on macroporous resin D101,silica gel, and RP-18.Two compounds were identified by spectral analysis. Results Two compounds were isolated from D. diandra. Theirs structures were identified as 6-carboxymethy1-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone (Ⅰ) and l-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8E)-Z-N-(2'-hydroxypalmitoyl) octadecasphinga-4,8-dienine(soya cerebroside Ⅰ,Ⅱ). Conclusion Compound I is a new compound. Compound Ⅱ is obtained from this plant for the frist time.

Objective To prove the remarkable inhibitive effect of multiple siRNAs targeting a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) on the human colorectal cancer cell.Methods We constructed a multiple short hairpin RNA(shRNA) expression vector containing four shRNAs (pG4) as well as four single one (pGsh644,pGsh1451,pGsh1938,pGsh2231) against APRIL gene in SW480 cell,and then transfected them into the human colorectal cancer cell line by cationic liposome.Ultimately,SW480 were screened by EGFP to obtain expression cell lines.APRIL expression levels including mRNA and APRIL protein were detected after transfected with all different kinds of vectors.Results A multiple shRNA expression vector containing four shRNAs (pG4) and four single ones were successfully constructed.Four single vectors (pGsh644,pGsh1451,pGsh1938,pGsh2231) and the multiple siRNAs expression vector (pG4) all decreased the APRIL mRNA by 56.2％,49.5％ ;50.9％,49.2％ and 79.3％.And APRIL protein expression was also remarkably reduced,especially by multiple siRNAs expression vector(87.5％).Conclusion Multiple siRNAs expression vector produced a more significant knockdown effect of APRIL than the vectors containing only one APRIL shRNA.What we found suggested us using the vector containing multiple shRNA to silence the expression of APRIL might be exploited as a novel therapeutic strategy for tumors.

Objective? To investigate the hope level of elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (THA) and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for improving the hope level and quality of life of patients after THA. Methods? A cluster random sampling method was used to select 308 patients with bilateral THA for the first time who were admitted to two ClassⅢ Grade A general hospitals in Harbin from January 2017 to July 2018. Questionnaire surveys were conducted using Herth Hope Scale, the Second Edition of Beck Depression Scale and Social Support Scale. Results? The total score of hope level in elderly THA patients was (29.96±8.72). Among them, 76.62% (236/308) had moderate to high level of hope and the total score of depression was (19.20±11.75) which was at a moderate level. There were significant differences in the hope level of patients with different gender, place of residence, educational level, marital status and family per capita monthly income (P＜ 0.05). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age, sex, family income per capita, depression, negative coping style, subjective support and objective support were the influencing factors of elderly THA patients' hope level (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions? The THA patients' hope are at a medium level. Medical staff should pay attention to the relevant factors affecting the level of hope, adopt targeted nursing intervention measures, give psychological guidance to patients, provide social support, and further improve the level of hope of the THA patients.