Objective:To improve the safety,rationality and efficacy of medication for ovarian cancer patients complicated with cirrhosis by the participation of clinical pharmacists in the therapy. Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in the therapy for an ovarian cancer patient with cirrhosis,and provided a rational and individualized therapeutic regimen through the drug experience of clinical pharmacists as well as the relevant medical guides and literatures. Results:The therapeutic efficacy was increased by the participation of clinical pharmacists in the therapy,the potential risk of the chemotherapy was avoided and the security of medication was assured. Conclusion:The participation of clinical pharmacists in therapeutic practice can improve the normalization of pharmacotherapy for ovarian cancer patients with cirrhosis,which also can provide ideas and methods for treating the similar patients.

Background To optimize the culture method of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells is very important for the study of retinal angiogenesis disease.Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells have been successfully cultured in previous studies,but further improvement of the culture method to harvest higher yields and purity cells is still needed.Objective This study was to design a modified method to isolate and purify human retinal microvascular endothelial cells much easily and quickly,and to compare the expression of specific markers of vascular endothelial cells,factor Ⅷ and CD31/CD34 in the cells.Methods The use of human donor eyeballs was approved by the Ethic Commission of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University.The retina tissue from healthy donor was isolated and digested by the two-step digestion method with 2％ trypsin and 0.133％ collagenase Ⅳ.Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells were collected and plated in 60 mm dishes coated by 0.1％ fibronectin and cultured in endothelial cell-specialized medium supplemented with 10％ fetal bovine serum,0.3 mg/L β-endothelial cell growth factor (ECGF) and 100 ng/L sodium heparin.During the culturing,the growth situation of the cells was monitored by morphological observation,and immunohistochemical staining was performed to probe vascular endothelial cell-specific membrane protein CD31,CD34 and factor Ⅷ for identification of the cell purity.Results Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells were isolated successfully from the retina by the twostep digestion method.The primary cultured cells adhered to well 72 hours later and achieved confluence with the typical cobblestone appearance 9 to 10 days after cultured.The cells exhibited the blue nuclei and reddish cytoplasm by regular haematoxylin and eosin stain and showed a strong positive response for CD31,CD34 and factor Ⅷ by immunohistochemistry.The positive dye of CD31 and CD34 was lower than Ⅷ factor in both endothelial cells.Conclusions Modified culture method of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells can improve cell culture result and purify target cells.

BACKGROUNDTo study the clinical features and more reasonable typing criteria for patients with chronic severe hepatitis and decompensated liver function.

METHODSData of 106 cases of decompensated cirrhosis, 124 cases of chronic liver failure and 100 cases of chronic liver failure (chronic liver failure group I, CLF I) with decompensated cirrhosis (chronic liver failure group II, CLF II) were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS(1) The ages were youngest in chronic liver failure group I (about 30 years), and the oldest in decompensated cirrhosis group (about 50 years). (2) There were significant differences in albumin, globulin, ALT, AST, protruding activity, blood glucose, blood lipid and cholinesterase among the three groups. (3) There was no significant difference in upper digestive tract bleeding and hepatorenal syndrome, on the other hand, there was significant difference in ascites and hepatic encephalopathy. (4) The prognosis of the patients in decompensated cirrhosis group was better than that of chronic liver failure group I and chronic liver failure group II.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical feature and prognosis in three groups were different, so, it is suggested that chronic severe liver disease be divided into 2 types: one is chronic severe liver disease type I, which is associated with chronic hepatitis, and the other is chronic severe liver disease type II, which is associated with cirrhosis, and the typing criteria for decompensated cirrhosis remains unchanged.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; Liver Failure ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

The epidemiological survey of prevalence of NIDDM (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus) and IGT(impaired glucose tolerance)was conducted among 9450 residents aged 25～70 in some areas of Hubei Province, China. The results show that NIDDM and IGT prevalences are 2.62% and 4.48%, respectively. There is no significant difference between male and female (P>0.05). The NIDDM prevalence in cities is slightly higher than that in countryside, but the difference is not significant (P>0.05). However, the IGT prevalence in city is significantly higher than that in countryside (P<0.01). The prevalence of both NIDDM and IGT is increasing along with the age of the population. It is also significantly related to the family history of NIDDM, hypertension, and high body mass index (BMI). By using stepwise logistic regression to analyse the risk factors of NIDDM, age (OR=1.86),BMI(OR=2.69), family history (OR=2.84) and hypertension (OR=2.23) entered the model (significance level is α=0.05).

To construct plasmid of recombinant protein candidate vaccine of respiratory syncytial virus, express it in E. coli, and to investigate its immunogenicity and protective efficacy. A CD8+ T cell epitope from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) M2 protein F/M2:81 - 95 and the G:125-225 (G1) gene fragments from RSV-G protein containing B cell epitopes were amplified by PCR method and then inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-DsbA after bonding to a linker. The fusion protein DsbA-G1-Linker-F/M2:81-95 (D-G1LF/M2) was expressed successfully in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The product was proved to be RSV-specific by Western-blot. After purified by affinity chromatography on Ni+ Sepharose and renatured by gradient dialysis. D-G1LF/M2 was used to immune BALB/c mice. D-G1LF/M2 induced high anti-D-G1LF/M2 IgG, anti-RSV IgG and neutralizing antibody titers in serum and lung of BALB/c mice, and elicied RSV-specific CTL responses. The IgG subclass distribution revealed that IgG1/IgG2a ratio was 2.66. Viral titration indicated that D-G1LF/M2 could protect BALB/c mice against RSV challenge in lung.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; immunology ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; prevention & control ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics ; Viral Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate if the interaction between TGF-beta1/Smad pathway and ERK pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells exists.

METHODSThe rat arota was removed. The primary VSMC were isolated and cultured in vitro, then the VSMC were divided into four groups: (1) control group, (2) (TGF-beta1 group, (3) ERK blocking agent group, (4) TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group. The expression of Smad2/3, ERK1/2 proteins, the content of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Smad2/3 proteins were detected by Western blot, and the expression of Smad2/3 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) .

RESULTS(1) In contrast to control group, the content of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins in TGF-beta1 group was increased (P < 0.05), that in ERK blocking agent group was decreased (P < 0.05). There was no difference between control group and TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group. Compared with TGF-beta1 group, the contents of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins in TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group was decreased (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the expression of Smad2/3 and ERK1/2 proteins among different groups. (2) There were no differences in expression of Smad2 and Smad3 mRNA among different groups.

CONCLUSION(1) TGF-beta1 can induce Smad2/3 proteins to be phosphorylated dependent on the activated ERK pathway. (2) ERK pathway does not effect the expression of Smad2/3 at the level of protein and mRNA.

Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; physiology ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; physiology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; Smad Proteins ; metabolism ; physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; physiology

BACKGROUNDThe sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) protein can mediate the active radioiodine uptake. The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter is known to be selectively reactivated in majority of tumors and hence could be used for tumor targeting. We constructed a recombinant adenovirus containing the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) gene directed by the hTERT promoter, characterized the ability of infected cells in uptaking iodide, and explored the therapeutic efficacy of (131)I in a lung cancer cell line in vitro.

METHODSThe hTERT promoter was amplified by PCR from DNA isolated from log-phase HepG2 cells, subcloned into lineralized FL*-hNIS/pcDNA3, and then the hTERT-hNIS sequence was subcloned into the shuttle plasmid pAdTrack. The recombinant adenovirus Ad-hTERT-hNIS was constructed by AdEasy system. A positive control adenovirus Ad-CMV-hNIS and a negative control adenovirus Ad-CMV were created similarly. A549 cells were transduced with recombinant adenoviruses. (125)I uptake studies and sodium perchlorate suppression studies were used to confirm hNIS expression and function. Toxic effects of (131)I on tumor cells were studied by in vitro clonogenic assay.

RESULTSWe first successfully constructed an adenovirus mediated transgene expression system of the hNIS under the control of hTERT promoter. When infected with recombinant adenovirus constructs expressing hNIS directed by hTERT- and CMV-promoters (Ad-hTERT-hNIS and Ad-CMV-hNIS, respectively), the lung cancer cell line A549 had increased ability to uptake radioiodide up to 23- and 30-fold compared to the control parental cells, respectively. The radioiodide uptake ability of both the Ad-CMV-hNIS and Ad-hTERT-hNIS transduced cell lines were repressed 11-fold by sodium perchlorate (NaClO4). The subsequent in vitro clonogenic assay of the infected A549 cell line was further repressed to 23% (Ad-CMV-hNIS) and 30% (Ad-hTERT-hNIS) of the control group after receiving radioiodide for 7 hours (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONOur preliminary study indicates that an adenovirus mediated transgene expression system of the hNIS under the control of hTERT promoter has the potential to become an effective wide-spectrum yet highly specific anti-cancer strategy.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; therapy ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Symporters ; genetics ; Telomerase ; genetics ; Transgenes ; genetics

Growth year is one of the important factors for the quality of Polygala tenufolia. In this study, primary metabolites and secondary metabolites were compared in 1, 2 and 3 years old P. tenufolia cultivated in Shaanxi Heyang. The samples were subjected to ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, and the obtained data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and other statistical analysis methods. In addition, content and correlation of different metabolites were also calculated. The results showed no significance between main component contents in 2 year-old and 3 year-old P. Tenufolia, but 1 year-old was statistically different. The contents of primary metabolites, such as fructose, sucrose, and choline increased as time goes on, while glycine and raffinose decreased. The contents of secondary metabolites, such as onjisaponin Fg, polygalasaponin XXVIII, polygalasaponin XXXII increased, while polygalaxanthone III and parts of oligosaccharide multi-ester including tenuifoliose A, tenuifoliose C, tenuifoliose C2 and tenuifoliose H decreased with the extension of the growth years. Growth years has important impact on the quality of P. tenuifolia and the existing growing years of commodity P. tenuifolia have its scientific evidence. This study supplied a new method for the quality evaluation of Chinese medicinal materials.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mass Spectrometry ; Metabolomics ; Oligosaccharides ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polygala ; chemistry ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical feature and more reasonable diagnostic typing criteria for patients with liver failure.

METHODS13/21 cases of ALF, SALF with no past liver disease, 49/72 cases of with chronic hepatitis, and 23/73 cases ALF, SALF with liver cirrhosis, were analyzed respectively.

RESULTS1 ALF patients (1). There exist significant statistic differences in ALB, ALT, CHE in three ALF groups.(2). It had statistic differences in those patients with hepatic encephalopathy.(3). The prognosis of the patients with chronic hepatitis group (42.85 percent) was best than that of chronic cirrhosis (26.09 percent) and no past liver disease (15.38 percent). (2) In SALF patients (1). There exist significant statistic differences in ALB, GLO, ALT, AST, BDIL, GLU and CHE in three SALF groups.(2). It had statistic differences in those patients with hepatic encephalopathy in three SALF groups.(3). The prognosis of the patients with chronic hepatitis group (51.39 percent) was best than that of chronic cirrhosis (36.85 percent) and no past liver disease (33.33 percent).

CONCLUSIONThere are different clinic feature and prognosis in three ALF or SALF groups, so we suggest that it were clinic practicability and science in classify of liver failure at present.

Humans ; Liver Failure ; classification ; Liver Failure, Acute ; classification ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo identify the risk factors and socio-psychological condition of epilepsy in general population.

METHODSA community-based, pair-matched case-control study using the epileptic patients living in Zhujing town, Jinshan district, Shanghai was carried out. Patients were matched for age (+/-1 years) and gender to controls (81 cases and 81 controls). Data was analyzed with multiple conditional logistic regression.

RESULTSAs a result of multiple logistic regression, postnatal insults (OR = 6.517), alcohol intake (OR = 10.761) and family history (OR = 5.414) were powerfully associated with epilepsy. Compared with control group, epileptic patients were significantly different in socio-psychological condition, especially in > or = 17 years adult patients.

CONCLUSIONPostnatal insults, alcohol intake and family history were the risk factors of epilepsy. Psychological and psychiatric disorders were highly prevalent among epilepsy patients.

Case-Control Studies ; Epilepsy ; etiology ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors