Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Fontan Procedure ; adverse effects ; Heparin ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Protein-Losing Enteropathies ; drug therapy ; etiology

Objective To identify factors influencing behavioral changes among injection drug users(IDUs)by assessing the outcome of the Kunming Sunshine Homeland Project(SHP)in 2007,so as to design more effective and relevant interventions for HIV/AIDS prevention and control in China.Method Data obtained from SHP were analyzed by Logistic regression,in which the relationship between related factors and effectiveness of the interventions were examined.Results Based on Fishbein and Guinan’s hypothesis(1996),among the three factors,i.e.attitude,perceived behavioral norm and self-efficacy,the perceived behavioral norm was the most effective one to change IDUs’ behaviors.Conclusions In designing HIV/AIDS prevention and control projects targeted to IDUs,perceived behavioral norms should be given high priority in combination with other 2 factors,and the approaches applied should match with the objective of the designed project.

OBJECTIVE:To observe long-term efficacy of intensive rosuvastatin therapy in the treatment of acute coronary syn-drome (ACS) and explore its possible mechanism,so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHODS:ACS patients receiving rosuvastatin after cured in our hospital during Jan. 2013-Jan. 2015 were divided into observation group(55 cases)and control group(47 cases)according to the dose of rosuvastatin. Under same guidance of physicans,2 groups were addi-tionally given Rosuvastatin calcium tablets(20 mg for observation group,10 mg for control group,qd,po)orally on the basis of routine treatment. Both groups were treated for 1 year. The incidence of 1-year accumulative main adverse cardiac event (MACE) were compared between 2 groups as well as the levels of blood lipid and serum cytokines,the occurrence of ADR before treat-ment,after 3 months of treatment. RESULTS:The incidence of accumulative MACE in observation group was significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment,the levels of TC and LDL-C in 2 groups were de-creased significantly;the level of LDL-C was inCreased significantly compared to before treatment,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in 2 groups were decreased significantly (P<0.05);the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical signifi-cance (P<0.05). The peripheral blood LDL-C was positively correlated with IL-1β and TNF-α in observation group after treat-ment,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Intensive rosuvastatin therapy can significantly improve the long-term prognosis for ACS patients,which may associate with lipid metabolic regulation and anti-inflammatory effect.

Vertigo is a kind of patients' subjective feelings. The severity of vertigo is closely related to many factors. But we are short of a well accepted quantitative evaluation method capable of accurately and comprehensively evaluating vertigo in clinics. Reducing the onset of vertigo, enhancing the re- covery of equilibrium function, and improving the quality of life of vertigo patients should be taken as the focus of evaluating therapeutic effects. As for establishing a Chinese medical effectiveness evaluation system for vertigo, we believe we should distinguish different "diseases". We could roughly identify it as systemic vertigo and non-systemic vertigo. For systemic vertigo, the efficacy of vertigo could be comprehensively evaluated by UCLA vertigo questionnaire or dizziness handicap inventory combined with equilibrium function testing indices. But for non-systemic vertigo, the efficacy of vertigo could be comprehensively evaluated by taking UCLA vertigo questionnaire or dizziness handicap inventory as main efficacy indices. Secondly, we should analyze different reasons for vertigo, choose symptoms and signs in line with vertigo features as well as with Chinese medical theories, and formulate corresponding syndrome effectiveness standards according to different diseases. We should not simply take syndrome diagnosis standards as efficacy evaluation standards.
China ; Dizziness ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vertigo ; diagnosis

The number of nerve fibers in the spared dorsal root of the L4 spinal nerve and the number of nerve terminals in the Lamina Ⅲ of the segment of the spinal cord between L2 and S1 were determined with electron microscopic morphometry,and the distribution and density of nerve fibers in the spinal cord were observed with silver staining.It was found that the distribution and density of nerve fibers in the spinal cord showed no difference between the operated and the control sides under optical microscopy;morphometric analysis revealed a significant increase of the number of unmyelinated fibers and a tendency to increase of their diameter;and the number of both simple and complex terminals in the Lamina Ⅲ of the spinal cord could return to the normal level on the 35th day after operation with a significant increase of their diameter.The importance of these changes was preliminarily discussed.

Objective In order to investigate the changes of T lymphocytes subsets in mice immunized with recombinant Bb-Em Ⅱ/3-Em14-3-3.vaccine of Echinococcus multilocularis (Em) and challenged with Em protoscoleces.Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with recombinant Bb-Em Ⅱ/3-Em14-3-3 vaccine by subcutaneous injection,intramuscular injection,nasal mucosa inoculation and oral administration,Bifidobacterium (Bb) and PBS were used as controls.After 12 weeks of immunization,all the mice were challenged with 50 protoscoleces of Em by intraperitoneal injection.Eighteen weeks later,mice were killed to measure alveolar hydatid weight and spleens were taken to separate spenocytes,in which the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets were determined by flow cytometry.Results Alveolar hydatid weight was (0.77 ± 0.52),(0.87 ± 0.60),(2.17 ± 0.50),(3.06 ± 0.15) g in subcutaneous injection,intramuscular injection,nasal mucosa inoculation and oral administration groups,respectively,which was obviously lower than that in PBS control group [(3.54 ± 0.32) g,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01].The level of CD49 T cell subset was (28.2 ± 2.5)％,(25.0 ± 2.7)％,(24.0 ± 1.3)％,(23.0 ± 1.8)％ in subcutaneous injection,intramuscular injection,nasal mucosa inoculation and oral administration groups,respectively,which was significantly higher than that in PBS control group [(16.1 ± 2.2)％,all P ＜ 0.01].The level of CD8+ T cell subset in the immunization groups was slightly elevated,but there was no statistical significance between groups (F =1.36,P ＞0.05).The level of CD4 + T cell subset in subcutaneous injection group was higher than that in intramuscular injection,nasal mucosa inoculation and oral administration groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion CD4+ T cell subset may play an important role in the protection of mice induced by recombinant Bb-Em Ⅱ/3-Em14-3-3 vaccine and the subcutaneous injection route appears to be a better way for immunization.

Objective:With the development of science and technology, large medical equipments have been universally applied in clinical diagnosis. It is important in hospital management to search for the way to obtain the maximum economic and social benefits by efficiently analyzing cost benefit of large medical equipment. Methods:To ascertain cost benefit of medical equipment by profit margin of investments and cost-redemption periods. Results:Proposals on purchase and management of department medical equipment were presented. Conclusion:Scientific evaluation and analysis on large medical equipment would play a positive role in purchase, use and economic returns of department medical equipment.

Objective To discuss the clinical complications caused by inferior vena cava abnormality and their interventional management. Methods The clinical data and interventional therapeutic results of 4 patients with complications due to abnormalities of the inferior vena cava were retrospectively analyzed. Results Duplicate inferior vena cava deformity was confirmed in two cases; one of them was complicated by right inferior vena cava with deep venous thrombosis of right lower extremity;and the other case had bilateral inferior vena cava thrombosis secondary to tumor thrombus within the intrahepatic segment of inferior vena cava, for which interventional treatment was not employed. Left-sided inferior vena cava was observed in 2 cases; clinically, one showed microscopic haematuria and lower back pain, and interventional treatment was not adopted; the other case had abdominal pain, and the symptom showed no obvious improvement after receiving stent implantation in the crossing segment of the left-sided inferior vena cava. Conclusion Clinically, the complications caused by abnormalities of inferior vena cava are rare. The diagnosis and the treatment of its complications should be based on the imaging manifestations, the related clinical symptoms, blood flow dynamics, etc. and the misdiagnosis and mistreatment should be avoided.

AIM: To study if the effect of arsenic sulfide combined with IFN-α can be increased on K562 cells. METHODS: Telomerase activity was determined by PCRELISA. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell apoptosis. The final concentration of IFN-α and arsenic sulfide was 10 000 U/mL and 0.6 mg/L. RESULTS: The rates of apoptosis was 37.8% and 37% in K562 cells treated with IFN-α or arsenic sulfide alone for 8 days; The rates of apoptosis and inhibition of telomerase activity was 59.9% and 81.2% in K562 cells treated with IFN-α and arsenic sulfide simultaneously for 8 days, or 60.37% and 78.8% in K562 cells was treated with arsenic sulfide for 5 days after affected by IFN-α for 3 days. 71.3% telomerase activity was inhibited in K562 cells by arsenic sulfide alone for 8 days. CONCLUSION: Combination of arsenic sulfide and IFN-α can increase the apoptosis and inhibit the telomerase activity of K562 cells obviously comparing with the two drugs used alone. IFN-α maybe promote arsenic sulfide inducing apoptosis of K562 cells.

Objective To study the value of echocardiography in diagnosis of prenatal closure of fetal ductus arteriosus(FDA) and discuss its characteristics. Methods Two cases with prenatal closure and one case with constriction of the FDA were examined.The echocardiographic characteristics were analyzed and the literature was reviewed. Results Right atrial and ventricular dilatation and severe tricuspid valve insufficiency were observed. After timely delivery, impaired right ventricular function improved significantly. Conclusions Fetal echocardiography plays an important role in diagnosis of prenatal closure of the FDA.