Objective:To investigate the dependence of geometric efficiency (GE) on beam collimation and tube voltage.Methods: The dose profile was measured under the conditions of different collimations and tube voltages and GE was calculated.Results: GE was found to be from 11% to 68%, GE at central position and periphery were found to range from 11% to 49% and 16% to 68% respectively, and weighted GE was found to be from 17% to 58%. GE was increased with beam collimation, while it was less pronounced on tube voltages.Conclusion:The dependence of GE on collimation was significant. Therefore, operators should choose appropriate collimations to reduce the dose burden of patients in CT examinations.

DNA Methylation ; Humans ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To correlate vWF expression in the endothelium of transitional pulmonary arterioles from lung biopsy in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to left-to-right shunt congenital heart defects (CHD). The results will be compared to vWF expression in peripheral venous plasma pre-operatively and the early post-operative outcome. Methods Consecutive 70 cases of left-to-right shunt congenital heart defects were involved in the study, the age ranged from 4 months to 63 years. Pulmonary systolic pressure/systemic systolic pressure (Pp/Ps) was calculated from Swan-Ganz floating catheter monitoring before corrective operation. PH was found in 62 cases, with slight PH in 16, moderated PH in 24 and severe PH in 22. Non-PH in 8 cases. Twenty-six cases of non-heart and lung disease were involved in as control. Lung biopsy tissue was stained for routine pathologic classification and quantitative vWF expression, with testing vWF in the peripheral venous blood. Post-operative complication was noted. Results There was a statistically difference of vWF expression in the endothelium of pulmonary transitional arterioles between PH group and non-PH group, with reducing intensity in order of non-PH, slight Ph, moderate PH and severe PH. A negative relationship was statistically noted between Pp/Ps and vWF expression in the arteriole endothelium (=61.88-33.30x, r=-0.701, P

Objective:To correct the characterizations of MDCT radiation dose by exploring the relationship between CTDIw,∞ and CTDIw.Methods: CTDI100 and CTDI∞ were measured under the conditions of different collimations, pitches and tube voltages of Siemens Definition Flash CT, and CTDIw and CTDIw,∞ were calculated.Results: There were significant differences between CTDIw and CTDIw,∞ which were measured at 0.05 level. And there were no significant differences between CTDIw,∞ after corrected and CTDIw,∞ which were measured at 0.05 level.Conclusion:The characterizations of MDCT which were commonly used were not accurate enough. The result after correction were very closed to the real CTDIw,∞. This showed that the method to correct CTDIw of Siemens Definition Flash CT was mostly accurate. And methods to correct CTDIw of other MDCT needed to be further studied.

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the correction coefficient of the characterizations of multi-detector CT (MDCT). Methods: The dose profile of Siemens SOMATOM Definition Flash CT scanner was measured with CT-SD 16 detector under the conditions of different collimations, pitches and tube voltages in phantoms of different diameters, and the ratio between weighted CTDI∞and weighted CTDI100 was calculated. Results:The ratio between weighted CTDI∞and weighted CTDI100, which is growing for increasing beam collimation, was found to range from 1.123 to 1.162 in head phantom and range from 1.118 to 1.173 in body phantom. Conclusion: For MDCT, the use of CTDI100, which is one of the most commonly used characterizations of CT, has always underestimated the levels of radiation dose. Therefore, CTDI100 should be corrected.

Objective:To establish the quality control method of electrosurgical unit(ESU) through the safety performance test and data analysis for electrotome.Methods: According to the testing standard of ESU, Fluke ESA612 electrical safety analyzer and QA-ES II electrosurgery unit analyzer were applied to test the properties of ESU were using during 2015 and 2016, and the testing results were analyzed.Results:In 2015 and 2016, the qualified rate of quality control results were 79% and 81%, respectively; the problems of unqualified ESU were resolved and their hidden risks in clinical applications were eliminated.Conclusion: By testing the properties of ESU, we can master the performance of the machine; find and deal with the risk of machine in time, and avoid the hidden danger and enhance the risk management for ESU, so that the machine can be safely and effectively applied in clinical surgery.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; epidemiology

Objective To study the perioperative nursing methods in patients with OSAHS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods From March 2009 to December 2010,a total of 46 patients with OSAHS and type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 23 cases in each group.Conventional care was given to the control group,while the experimental group received systematic,phased and individualized nursing.The sleep quality before and after the operation was compared.The oropharynx wound healing and possible complications,pain were observed after operation.Results In the control group,there was one patient with bleeding during operation,one patient happened blood lost after operation and 2 patients had postoperative infection.The hyperglycemia was found in 3 patients and hypoglycemia occurred in 2 patients.But in the experimental group,all of the patients did not suffer complication.The scores of sleep quality on the day before surgery were significantly higher than those scores on admission,and the scores on discharge from hospital were significantly lower than those scores on admission.There were statistical differences.The scores of the experimental group were significantly improved compared to those of the control group.The score of pain was the highest at the day of surgery,and then gradually decreased.The score of pain of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions This comprehensive nursing method during operation period for patients with OSAHS and type 2 diabetes mellitus not only can reduce risk of postoperative complication,but also can improve operation efficacy,quality of nursing and life quality of patients as well as can speed recovery.It approved that this standardized,systematic nursing method during the whole period is practical and effective in OSAHS and type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment and care.

Objective To identify the clinical risk factors of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) and their values in early diagnosis. Methods The retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted in 142 children with Myco-plasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) admitted to Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Jan. 2012 to Jan. 2014. All children were divided into two groups, RMPP group (n=112) and MPP group (n=30). The comparison was made between two groups in clinical data. The factors were analyzed by the multifactor logistic regression. Results As compared to MPP, RMPP had longer fever duration, the higher ratios of large consolidation shadows, extrapulmonary complications and in-creased CRP level (P<0.05). The results of logistic regression indicated that the clinical risk factors included large consolidation shadows (OR=6.57, 95%CI:2.10-20.56), extrapulmonary complications (OR=11.66, 95%CI:2.42-56.08) and CRP (OR=14.87, 95%CI:2.67-82.79) (P<0.01). Conclusions Large consolidation shadows, extrapulmonary complications and CRP are clinical risk factors of RMPP. CRP elevation and lung imaging changes are valuable in early diagnosis of RMPP.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of Pingchuan Decoction combined with routine western medicine therapy in the treatment of acute attack of bronchial asthma in children. Methods:From January 2017 to June 2019, 118 children with acute attack of bronchial asthma were selected from the Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and they were randomly divided into control group (59 cases) and observation group (59 cases) according to the random number table. The control group was treated with routine western medicine therapy, and the observation group was treated with Pingchuan Decoction on the base of control group, and both groups were treated for 14 days. The main symptom scores before and after treatment were evaluated. The percentage of forced vital capacity expressed as percent predicted (FVC% pred) and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second expressed as percent predicted (FEV1% pred) were measured by pulmonary function meter. The levels of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD4 +/CD8 + in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. The adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:The total clinical effective rate was 93.2% (55/59) in the observation group and 71.2% (42/59) in the control group, where the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=9.790, P=0.002). After treatment, the scores of cough, wheezing and wheezing rale in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=27.695, 17.573, 32.827, P<0.001). After treatment, FVC% pred [(80.21 ± 4.06)% vs. (71.71 ± 3.95)%, t=11.526], FEV1% pred [(78.84±3.92)% vs. (72.26 ± 3.59)%, t=9.508] in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The levels of CD3 + [(74.05 ± 5.13)% vs. (67.44 ± 4.98)%, t=7.101], CD4 + [(48.43 ± 4.31)% vs. (42.20 ± 4.06)%, t=8.082] and the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 + (1.67 ± 0.29 vs. 1.34 ± 0.25, t=6.620) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01). During the treatment, the incidence of adverse reactions was 10.2% (6/59) in the observation group and 6.8% (4/59) in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.437, P=0.509). Conclusion:The Pingchuan Decoction combined with routine western medicine therapy can reduce the clinical symptoms of children with acute attack of bronchial asthma, improve lung function, improve organism immunity and clinical effect with safety.