Objective To investigate the changes of neutrophil gelatinase -associated lipocalin (NGAL) and Ghrelin levels in peripheral blood of patients with acute pancreatitis and their significance.Methods 104 cases of acute pancreatitis were divided into mild acute pancreatitis group (n =65 )and severe acute pancreatitis group (n =39),according to the conditions of the patients.The clinical indexes of all subjects were collected.The levels of NGAL and Ghrelin in plasma were detected by enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA method).Results The levels of NGAL and Ghrelin in severe acute pancreatitis group were (15.05 ±5.32)nmol/L and (349.7 ± 68.5)ng/L,respectively,which were higher than mild acute pancreatitis group,the differences were statistically signif-icant (t =10.239 and 14.453,P <0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the levels of NGAL in acute pancreatitis were positively correlated with white blood cell levels,C -reactive protein levels,APACHEⅡ score,BISAP index,CT-SI index and length of stay (r =0.447,0.335,0.626,0.534,0.497 and 0.372,all P <0.05),and the levels of Gh-relin in acute pancreatitis were positively correlated with white blood cell levels,C -reactive protein levels,APACHEⅡ score,BISAP index and CTSI index (r =0.392,0.407,0.592,0.481 and 0.506,all P <0.05 ).ROC curve showed that the levels of NGAL levels in the diagnosis of severe pancreatitis,the sensitivity was 79.5%,specificity was 93.8%,and area under the curve was 0.899 (95% CI:0.828 -0.970),plasma Ghrelin were 89.7%,90.8%, and 0.946 (95 % CI:0.897 -0.995),respectively.Conclusion The levels of NGAL and Ghrelin are significantly elevated in patients with severe acute pancreatitis,and they are positively correlated with the severity of patients'con-ditions.They have good diagnostic performance in early diagnosis of severe pancreatitis.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the formulation of tamsulosin hydrochloride orally disintegrating tablets by orthogonal experiment and to determine its dissolution and stability.METHODS: The formulation of tablets was optimized by orthogonal experiment based on 3 factors: the proportions of microcrystalline cellulose(A),lactose(B),and the cross-link sodium starch glycolate(C) and 3 indexes: disintegrating time(td),the wet time(t) and the suspend stability(?A).The dissolution of the tablets was determined and its stability in different condition was followed for 24 months.RESULTS: To optimum preparation technical conditions for the tablets were as follows: the proportions of A,B,and C were 30%,15% and 10%,respectively.The tablets disintegrated completely within 30 s,with mean td at(20.1?4.2) s,t(24.2?2.1) s,and ?A 0.002 4.No obvious change was noted in appearance and content for the samples within 24 mouths.CONCLUSION: The tamsulosin hydrochloride orally disintegrating tablets were up to the standards of Chinese Pharmacopeia.

The in-fresh-field thermotherapy machine is a kind of new heat treatment equipment for clinical malignant tumor therapy. Two groups of high frequency sources different in frequency and phase are used and the four poles of them overlapped,thus producing an even in-fresh-field to heat deep part tumor,and then radiotherapy is combined to eliminate tumor. The accuracy,reliability and safety in heat treatment is guaranteed by accurate temperature measurement and position arrangement.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determining the dissolution of Zaltoprofen tablets.METHODS:The content determination was conducted by UV spectrophotometry with detection wavelength of 330 nm.The paddle method was applied to calculate dissolution with phosphoric acid buffer solution (pH 6.8) as solvent and rotation speed of 100 r?min-1.After 30 min the sample was collected.RESULTS:The method showed a good linear relationship in the range of 2.5～30 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 100.36% (RSD=0.54%).The dissolutions of 3 batches of samples were all above 80%.CONCLUSION:The method is simple,accurate,and reliable for the determination of the dissolution of Zaltoprofen tablets.

In order to check the neck response and injury during motor vehicle accidents, we developed a detailed finite element model for human cervical spine C4-C6. This model consisted of cortical bone, cancellous bone, annulus, nucleus, ligaments and articular facet, and it also set up contact in the contacting parts for simulating the movement perfectly under frontal impact. This model could be used for stress and strain distribution after the frontal impact load was applied on this model. During the process of frontal impact, the most displacement simulated data were in the interval range of experimental data. The experimental results showed that this model for the human cervical spine C4-C6 simulated the movement under the frontal impact with fidelity, and reflected the impact dynamics response on the whole.
Accidents, Traffic ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae ; physiology ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Movement

Arthritis, Juvenile ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Joints ; physiopathology

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can recognize pathogens associated molecular of micro-organisms,leading to activation of the downstream signal transduction pathway and participate in innate and adaptive immune response.TLRs can also recognize endogenous danger signaling molecule and therefore be involved in pathogenesis of many low-grade chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.TLRs are always expressed on immune cells,and recent studies confirmed that retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells also express TLRs.This review focuses on the research progress of fundus diseases and TLRs,such as the recognition of exogenous pathogenic microorganisms and endogenous danger signals in fundus,induction of inflammatory response,phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segment by RPE and angiogenesis of fundus diseases.

ObjectiveTo observe the treatment possibility and effects on rats models with experimental femoral artery obliterans(EFAO) by transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells(EPC) from bone marrow. MethodsEFAO rat models were successfully made. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) were isolated from allogeneic male Wistar rat,cultured in DMEM in vitro. EGF,bFGF and IGF-1 were added into culture medium on the 10th day and the active EPC were labled with BrdU. 5×106 of the above cells were transplanted into the right hindlimbs i.m. as Group A in the 16 rats,and the same volume of normal saline into the opposite as Group B as control. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging was taken on the 0 day、the 14th day and the 28th day after transplantation. On the 14 day and the 28 day 8 rats were sacrificed respectively and muscles of all hindlimbs were extracted for immunohistochemical examinations (by FⅧ and BrdU).Results1. In group A the skin blood perfusion in hindlimb were significantly increased as compared with group B(P<0.05). 2. Some positive stained EPC by BrdU were found in Group A but not in Group B. 3. The numbers of blood vessels with positive staining of FⅧ in hindlimb on the 28 day in Group A were more obviously than that in Group B (P<0.01). ConclusionTransplantation of EPC from bone marrow can significantly increase the skin blood perfusion and capillary density in ischemic hindlimbs in EFAOrats.

For the minimized phase transtorming risk, the most stable polymorph is generally considered as the desirable solid form for pharmaceutical applications. However, occasionally, the stable form may have some shortcomings such as low solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability, etc. In that case, the metastable form which is kinetically stable at room or lower temperature could be selected. Using metastable form may result in polymorph transformation in pharmaceutical manufacture and storage. Hence, the knowledge of the transformation between solid forms is essential to the development of the drug materials. In this paper, we will review the recent studies in the area of crystal conversion of polymorphs and hydrates, to illustrate some cases to introduce the types, conditions and mechanisms of the crystalline solid transformation.
Biological Availability ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Crystallization ; Drug Stability ; Kinetics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; chemistry ; Solubility

Adult ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Pedigree