Radiosensitizer as a promising novel anti-tumor medicine has synergetic effects with radiotherapy,and can enhance the kill rate of tumor cells and radiotherapy effect.In recent years,due to the new theory and technology,the researches of radiosensitizer extend to different fields,from the traditional DNA target sensitizer to new radiosensitizer including nano-particles.Consequently,radiosensitizer combined with radiotherapy will become a new and effective treatment strategy for esophageal carcinoma to enhance the therapeutic effect of esophageal carcinoma.

Objective Explore the species of pathogenic microorganism and analysis the antibiotic resistance in Emergency department patients in West China Hospital, finding out the evidence for clinical therapy. Methods Select the patients from May 2013 to April 2015 in Emergency department, analyses the species of pathogenic microorganism and the result of drug sensitivity test.Results In the 1 622 cases, there are 1 237 cases of gram-negative bacilli, 324 cases of gram positive coccus, 60 cases of fungus and 1cases of gram-negative coccus, accounted for 76.3%, 19.9%, 3.7%and 0.1%respectively.The top five is E.coli, acinetobacter baumannⅡ, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus, accounted for 21.4%, 16.7%, 12.4%, 11.5% and 6.5%; according to the sample species, the detection rate of sputum is highest, accounted for 46.6%, next is blood, urine, secretion; in regard to multiple resistant bacteria, detection rate of ESBL-E.coil, ESBL-KPN , CRAB and MRSA is 62.0% , 26.0%, 80.5% and 26.5%; the detection rate of VREF is 9.4% and does not find Vancomycin resistant enterococcus bacteria. Conclusions The species of pathogenic microorganism in emergency department is rich, especially gram-negative bacilli as E.coli, acinetobacter baumannⅡ, and the drug resistance situation is not optimistic. Emergency department shall communicate with microbiology laboratory timely, pay attention to the situation of the species and the drug resistance result, take rational use of antibiotic according to the results of the analysis of drug resistance.

Objective To discuss the intervention effects and mechanisms for Rapamycin on renal interstitial fibrosis in rats.Methods A total of 72 Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,normal group(n =24) ,model group(n =24), treatment group (n =24).The model group and treatment group received adenine 200 mg/kg daily,and the treatment group was also given Rapamycin 5 mg/(kg·d) at the 8th day,the normal group was just given the same amount of normal saline for 6 weeks.In the end of the 2nd,4th and 6th week,8 rats in each group were sacrificed respectively.The expression of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and neutrophils gelatinases related apolipoprotein (NGAL) in each group were observed.The software of image analysis system was used for semi-quantitative analysis.Results HE and Masson staining results showed that the renal tubular were progressive swelling, and changed with interstitial fibrosis,atrophy and even necrosis in model group from 2 weeks to 6 weeks.The pathological changes of kidney were more ease in the treatment group compared with those in model group.Immunohistochemical staining results showed that HGF expression levels of renal interstitial tissue in model group and treatment group at the 2nd week were significantly higher than those of normal group(P ＜0.05), and were significantly decreased at the 4th week and 6th week (P ＜ 0.05);HGF expression levels of renal interstitial tissue in treatment group were significantly higher than those in model group (P ＜ 0.05).NGAL expression levels of renal interstitial tissue in model group and treatment group at the 2nd week were significantly higher than those in normal group(P ＜0.05) ,and were significantly decreased at the 4th week and 6th week(P ＜ 0.05);NGAL expression levels of renal interstitial tissue in treatment group were significantly higher than those in model group (P ＜ 0.05).TGF-β expression levels of renal interstitial tissue in model group and treatment group at the 2nd,4th,and 6th week were significantly higher than those in normal group (P ＜0.05) ,while TGF-β expression levels of renal interstitial tissue in treatment group were significantly lower than those in model group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Rapamycin could improve the rat kidney tissue pathology, relieve renal tubular expansion, and slow progression of renal interstitial fibrosis, and has certain protective effect to the kidney.

This article first introduces the current situation and existing problems of understanding the relation-ship between informed consent and doctor-patient communication in clinical practice,And then discusses from the ethical perspective, strengthen the positive role of the principle of informed consent.This paper under the principle of informed consent presented methods to improve the doctor-patient communication:to guide the doctor-patient communication informed consent, to achieve effective communication way of informed consent, strengthening the positive role of informed consent and some other suggestions.

Adult ; Gasoline ; poisoning ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; Solvents ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Adult ; Female ; Fluoride Poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases

Objective To investigate the role of thrombelastography(TEG) in assessing the risk of bleeding and diagnostic value in patients with acute leukemia(AL) .Methods The TEG and PLT data were counted in 127 patients(272 sets of data) who were diagnosed with AL .Those patients were divided into two groups :group 1 (including patients with bleeding) and group 2 (in‐cluding patients with no bleeding) .The indicators(R values ,K values ,α‐angle ,MA values)and PLT count were compared between two groups .Those data with PLT<30 × 109/L of these two groups also were divided and the 4 indicators of TEG were compared between the two groups .We used the ROC curve to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity in assessing the risk of bleeding .Results According to the data in total ,the K value ,R value of the group 1 were higher than those of the group 2(P<0 .05);theα‐angle and MA value ,PLT counts of group 1 were lower than those of the group 2(P<0 .05) .In those AL patients whose PLT<30 × 109/L ,the K value of the group 1 was higher than that of the group 2(P<0 .05);theα‐Angle and MA value of the group 1 were lower than those of the group 2(P<0 .05);R values and PLT count were not different between the two groups(P>0 .05);the are‐as under the ROC curve about the PLT counts ,MA value andα‐angle were more than 0 .5 (0 .750 ,0 .740 and 0 .653) .Conclusion T EG could predict the risk of bleeding in acute leukemia patients and it could be used in clinical application .

Objective To study the effects of different stimulators on the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs),and to evaluate the effects of the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs,named conditioned media (CM),on the proliferation of and production of MMPs by cultured human fibroblasts.Methods PBMCs were isolated from the venous blood samples of healthy volunteers and divided into three groups to be stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA group),the combination of antibodies against CD3 and CD28 (double-antibody group),or the RPMI 1640 medium containing 10％ fetal calf serum (control group).After 72-hour stimulation,CM was collected from all the three groups,diluted to several different degrees.Cultured human fibroblasts were classified into several groups to be treated with different dilutions of CM from the three groups for 48 or 24 hours,with the fibroblasts untreated with CM serving as the control group.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate cellular proliferative activity,semi-quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR to detect the expressions of MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 mRNAs in cells,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the levels of interleukin (IL)-6,MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 proteins in the culture supernatant of cells.Statistical analysis was carried out mainly by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),Tukey HSD test,and GamesHowell test.Results Compared with the control group,the PHA group showed increased cellular proliferative activity,IL-6 and MMP-3 protein levels in the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs (all P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were observed among the PHA group,double-antibody group and control group in the relative mRNA expression level (expressed as the ratio of target mRNA to β-actin mRNA) of MMP-1 in activated PBMCs (0.083 ± 0.016 vs.0.188 ± 0.030 vs.0.714 ± 0.104,F =85.905,P ＜ 0.05),but neither MMP-3 nor MMP-9 mRNA was expressed by activated PBMCs.MMP-3 protein was detectable in the culture supernatant of fibroblasts after the treatment with CM,and the level of MMP-3 protein was highest in that of fibroblasts treated with undiluted CM,and lowest with 1/10 diluted CM;at the same dilutions,the level of MMP-3 protein was highest in the culture supernatant of fibroblasts treated with CM from the PHA group,but lowest with that from the control group.Neither MMP-1 nor MMP-9 protein was detected in the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs or treated fibroblasts.There were no significant differences in cellular proliferative activity of and mRNA expressions of MMP-1 or MMP-3 in fibroblasts among these groups (all P ＞ 0.05),and MMP-9 mRNA expression was undetected in the treated fibroblasts.Conclusions PBMCs can be induced to express MMP-1 mRNA and secret MMP-3 protein after activation.However,the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs has no capacity to stimulate the expressions of MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 mRNAs or proteins by fibroblasts,suggesting that inflammatory cells may function through self-production of MMPs.

Administration, Oral ; Adolescent ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Prednisone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Ulcer ; drug therapy ; etiology ; pathology ; Thalidomide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To summarize the experience with adapalene in the treatment of ache vulgaris and to provide a clue to improve the clinical use of adapalene in ache vulgaris. Methods Chinese literature over the past ten years related to the evaluation of efficacy and safety of 0.1% adapalene gel in acne vulgaris were searched and assessed. Results Combination therapy with 0.1% adapalene was more effective than monotherapy with it. The efficacy of adapalene gel was higher than that of non-tretinoin topical agents, but equivalent to that of other tretinoins. Furthermore, the incidence of adverse events was lower for adapalene than for other tretinoin formulations. Conclusions Adapalene is safe and effective for the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris, and can be used as monotherapy, maintenance treatment, or in combination therapy of acne vulgaris.