Because of immature gastrointestinal tract development and the influence of postnatal disease status,extremely low birth weight infant feeding has become a majoy problem. Early positive parenteral feeding and proper enteral feeding are very helpful to the growth and development of extremely low birth weight infant.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 is an endogenous 30-amino acid gut peptide,which binds at the GLP-1 receptor coupled to the cyclic AMP second messenger pathway.Stimulation of neuronal GLP-1 receptors plays an important role in regulating neuronal plasticity and cell survival.GLP-1 has been documented to induce neurite outgrowth and to protect against excitotoxic cell death and oxidative injury in cultured neuronal cells.Moreover,GLP-1 and Exendin-4,a naturally occuring more stable analogue of GLP-1 that likewise binds at the GLP-1 receptor,were shown to reduce levels of ?-amyloid precusor protein(?APP) in neurons.Treatment with GLP-1 or a related peptide beneficially affects a number of the therapeutic targets associated with Alzheimers disease(AD).This review will consider the potential therapeutic relevance of GLP-1 to AD.

Objective:To preliminarily discuss the career management of hospital pharmacists from the perspectives of human re-source management and psychology to provide reference for the human resource management of pharmacy department. Methods: The current situation of career management of hospital pharmacists was analyzed based on the theory of Zone of Proximal Development in de-velopmental psychology, and some concepts and measures for the career management of hospital pharmacists were proposed. Results:The managers of pharmacy department must set up dynamic developing view of their employees, establish individualized management concept, transform their role in human resource management and promote the capability of career management. Measures, such as work shift and determined posts, career guidance, potential discovery, opening up promotion ways and self-management of personal career, could be adopted to develop a scientific and effective system of career management. Conclusion:It is suggested that modern manage-ment theories be utilized in the career management of hospital pharmacists, which may help achieve the joint development of department and individuals.

This study was aimed to determine trace elements in Peach pulp . The wet digestion method and car-bonize acid dissolution method were applied to digest the sample, and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the content of trace elements (Fe, Cu, Mn) in Peach pulp . The results showed that the content is not consistent among different pretreatment methods. However, the metalion content among these three methods are in the order of Fe > Mn > Cu, with the average recovery rate between 92.6% and 119.6%. The RSD is less than 2.86%. It was concluded that this method is with high accuracy and stability as well as reliable accurate re-sults. It also proved that Peach pulp . is rich in Fe, Cu and Mn. It provides some useful information for further pharmacological study of Peach pulp .

Objective To explore the effect of peritoneal dialysis to treat renal failure in children.Methods There were 11 admitted patients of renal failure in our department from July 2003 to April 2008.Their clinical data and follow-up results were analyzed.Results No patient was dead during treatment.The average time of peritoneal dialysis treatment in the children with acute renal failure was 15.5 days in hospital,which was 22.8 days in the chronic patients.After treatment the levels of serum nitrogen and creatine were decreased significantly from (34.03±8.44)mmol/L and (710.09±167.54)μmol/L to (15.94±4.93)mmol/L and (233.87±92.71)μmol/L (P＜0.01).The serum sodium and bicarbonate ion were increased from (130.91±9.15)mmol/L and (14.56±2.07)mmol/L to (139.46±3.98)mmol/L and (22.47±3.29)mmol/L (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The duration of follow-up were from one month to 5 years.The level of serum nitrogen and creatine in 5 patients of acute renal failure were normal and the analysis of urine was also normal during follow-up.One patient had renal transplantation after peritoneal dialysis.Three patients still regularly underwent peritoneal dialysis.Conclusion The peritoneal dialysis combining with multi-modality treatment was the better style of renal replacement therapy in renal failure patients.

Objective:To observe clinical and pathological features of pancreatic solid-pseudopapillary tumor ( SPPT) , and to find some useful immunohistochemical methods for its differential diagnosis.Methods: The clinical features of 14 SPPT patients were obtained. Each case underwent microscopic observation and immunohistochemical staining. The primary antibodies were CgA, Syn, E-cadherin, β-catenin and Cyclin Dl. These results were compared with 5 pancreatic well-differentiated tumors and well-differentiated carcinomas ( WET/WEC). Results: SPPT mainly involved young women, and the head of pancreas was the commonest location. Tumors were always in solid and cystic gross appearance.Although the tumor' s borderlines seemed clear, focal infiltrations could often be identified. The histological features of SPPT were similar in some aspects to those of WET/WEC, especially the solid pattern of WET/WEC. Both of them could express CgA and Syn. But all SPPTs lost E-cadherin membranous signals, and even had some nuclear signals (5/14) , while all WET/WECs remained the same staining pattern with normal pancreas cells, β-catenin positive signals in SPPTs were located both in nuclei and plas mas. WET/WECs' positive signals were all in membranes and plasmas, but negative ones in nuclei. Perinuclear dot-like signals could also be seen in the majority cells, which were similar to normal islet cells' staining pattern. SPPTs' nuclear positive rates of Cyclin Dl were usually more than 70% (12/14). WET/WECs' rates were all lower than 30%. Conclusion: Comprehensive analysis of patients'clinical, pathological features and immunohistoehemistry results, including E-cadherin, β-catenin and Cyclin Dl, was helpful to the diagnosis of SPPT and its differential diagnosis of WET/WEC.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a good reputation for preventing or healing diseases in clinic due to its higher efficacy, minor toxicity and abundant resources. Screening bioactive components in TCMs is not only crucial for clarifying their action mechanisms, but also the basis of their safety and quality control. TCM is characterized by multiple components, multiple targets and multiple mechanisms, however the complex composition of TCM makes it difficult to study the therapeutic material basis which has become the bottleneck in the process of its modernization and internationalization. Recently, with the rapid development of modern technologies and the unceasing progress of various disciplines, multidisciplinary approach, such as analytical chemistry, chemistry of TCM, pharmacology, cell biology, systems biology and bioinformatics has been successfully applied to the study of TCM. Multidisciplinary approach realizes the communication and interaction of multi-discipline, and accelerates the research and development of TCM. This review summarizes the application of multidisciplinary approach which may have certain potential of bringing new thoughts to TCM research and provide references for screening and identification of therapeutic material basis of TCMs.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Computational Biology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phototherapy ; Systems Biology

OBJECTIVE:To study the implementation of scoring diseases payment under the control of total budget in some ar-eas of China,and provide reference for the further improvement of the payment. METHODS:Based on the operation process of scoring disease payment in the control of toal budget,the specific practices of Huaian,Nanchang,Zhongshan and Taiwan area, were compared. RESULTS:It showed differences in the control and allocation of total budget,the establishment of scoring diseas-es,the setup of adjustment coefficient,the development of balance methods,the complementary mechanism and the monitor exami-nation setting. CONCLUSIONS:Whether to classify the diseases according to diagnosis and treatment methods,how to setup ad-justment coefficient appropriately,how to reimburse the patients in stages and how to strengthen supervision are worthy of further thinking and exploring.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of circulating pregnancy-associated plasma protein A(PAPP-A,a novel marker of atherosclerotic plaque activity) and myocardial perfusion before or after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome(NSTEACS).Methods Forty-four patients with high-risk NSTEACS were examined for serum PAPP-A levels,cardiac troponin T and the brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation(FMD) before PCI.The angiographic data was analyzed before and after PCI in terms of TIMI myocardial perfusion grade(TMPG) in the area of culprit vessels.Results Before PCI,twenty patients with TMPG 1-2 had higher PAPP-A levels(30.41?21.33 mIu/L vs.23.55?18.61 mIu/L,P=0.036) and lower FMD(2.95%?1.71% vs.3.54%?1.58%,P=0.027) companed with the patients with TMPG 2-3.After PCI,twelve patients with TMPG 1-2 had higher PAPP-A levels(35.64?20.58 mIu/L vs.21.87?19.30 mIu/L,P=0.009) and lower FMD(2.26%?1.83% vs.3.95%?1.43%,P=0.018) than those with TMPG 2-3.Conclusion The PAPP-A level and the degree of endothelial dysfunction play roles in myocardial perfusion in patients with high-risk NSTEACS.