In this cross-sectional study, data of collecting, classification, and managing solid waste was collected. 32 health staffs of General Hospital in Phu Tho province were interviewed. Results: total amount of medical solid waste was 132.71 kg a day. The process of collecting, storing, transporting and resolving solid waste is not suitable with the Health Ministry's rules. Medical officer's awareness about the managing of medical solid waste is still very limited
Medical Staff ; Medical Waste ; Waste Management ; hospitals

Management of enviromental pollution due to general waste and serious medical waste is urgent problem for the health facility. The Ministry of Health promulgated the regulation for management of the medical wastes. This is a legal document that the health facilities must implement. Most of the country’s hospitals have been built for many times (during the war against French and within more recent 30 years). They had not the network for treatment of waste or had a poor network
Medical Waste ; Health Facilities

Effect of hospital waste of Quang Nam Hospital on community health was studied in 315 people in studied place and 88 people in control place. People in studied place were more likely had history of dysentery syndrome than people in control place (p<0.001). The number of people with internal diseases in studied place was significantly was more than control place (p<0.001).These internal diseases were acute bronchitis (15.56%), gastrointestinal diseases (28.89%), nervous diseases (5.08%), urinary infection (4.13%) and anaemia. Skin and eye diseases were more common in people living in control place. Gynaecological diseases werethe same in two group
Medical Waste ; Hospitals

Health status of 263 people living in area near by Viet Tri province hospital (study group) was compared to that of 75 people in non-impacted area (control group). The result showed that weight and height of people in the study group was lower significantly than that of people in control group (45.84 +/- 6.28 and 1.53 +/- 0.07 compared with 49.18+/-7.03 and 1.56+/- 0.08, respectively). The number of people in the study group having history of dysentery symptom was higher than people in the control group (9.8% vs 15.9%). Due to impacts of environmental pollution, water and air pollution, the rate of people in study group with dermatophytosis diseases was higher clearly than people in control group. The dermatophytosis diseases included infected eczema, tinea pedis and tinea unguium
Medical Waste ; Health ; Epidemiology

BACKGROUNDIt is a common practice in developing countries that medical/infectious waste openly dumped with municipal solid waste. This paper presented a generation and characterization study of hospital waste. Determination of the waste composition is a basic step for selecting the most efficient treatment method of hospital waste.

METHODSStratified random sampling was used to collect the samples of general as well as medical wastes for seven days. Medical waste was sorted into 10 categories whereas general waste was classified into 11 categories. Incineration was observed thoroughly for observing flaws in the incineration process. Data was analyzed by using SPSS software version 16.0.

RESULTSThe studied hospital produced an average 297 kilograms of medical waste daily and it comprises plastics (71.0%), glass (13.9%), papers etc. (3.8%), cotton/dressings (5.7%), masks/gloves/sheets (0.3%) diapers (0.4%), wasted machines used in operation theaters (2.0%) and blades (0.1%). Laboratories, cancer ward, nursery ward, OPD and emergency ward are the largest infectious waste producing departments in the hospital. The hospital produced an average 3 511 kilograms of general waste daily in which organics constitute (44.3%), diapers etc. (42.8%), demolition materials (3.7%), plastic waste mixing medical plastic waste (2.5%), miscellaneous (2.14%), cloth/clothes (1.6%), cardboard (1.3%), papers (0.8%), cotton dressings (0.28%), glass (0.27%) and iron materials (0.18%). Other alarming facts are: medical waste is recycled in study area, after incineration of hospital waste, ash simply dumped in the premises of the hospital without any liner system.

CONCLUSIONSThe studied hospital produces 10% of infectious waste and 90% of general waste. The largest components of the infectious waste are plastic and glass. Organics and diapers are major components of the general waste coming from different sites of the hospital. Lack of training, inadequate knowledge regarding to the composition of the infectious waste and risks associated with the waste are the major issues which must be addressed and resolved.

Stress-related mucosal damages (SRMDs) usually happen in victims of natural or man-made disasters. Because of unexpected factors, it causes psychological, mental, and endocrine exciting. In addition to direct damages, stress damages cause ‘positive resonance’ result in more severe injury. The signs of disaster-related stress must be found in emergency treatment in order to provide prognostic treatments such as calming down, pain relief, treating of SRMDs and gastrointestinal bleeding due to SRMDs. After discharge, patients must be stabilized moral
Medical Waste ; Psychology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Stress

Waste waters were collected from 6 provincial hospitals (Yen Bai, Viet Tri, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Can Tho, Dong Thap) and resident areas near by them. Basic chemical and physical enviromental parameters were analysed. Findings were as follows: In the hospitals without waste water treatment system: water was polluted severely, even in surrounding residential areas. In the hospital with waste water treatment system: after treatment, the water met B limit value, both for basic physical and chemical parameter. 58% of samples of living water collected at the hospitals without treatment does not met the hygiene standard. Further researches will have to be done to conclude firmly. 25.3% of samples of living water collected at the hospital sites having treatment system also do not meet the hygien standard.
Water Pollution ; Water ; Medical Waste ; Hospitals

Humans ; Medical Waste Disposal ; Occupational Health

INTRODUCTION: Unregulated biomedical waste management is an emerging public health problem in the Philippines. This study aimed to differentiate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses and medical technologists toward biomedical waste management. METHODS: Using an analytic cross-sectional study design, an online survey of nurses and medical technologists from hospitals around the Philippines was conducted. A 27-item questionnaire covering knowledge, attitudes and practices was used. The percentages of correct answers and mean scores in each domain was compared between the nurses and medical technologists. RESULTS: A total of 196 respondents consisting of 77 registered nurses and 119 medical technologists were included in the study. Medical technologists had significantly better knowledge scores than nurses on disposal procedures for expired blood units and by-products waste (55% vs. 19%, p = 0.026). Both had low correct responses on adequate disposal of human tissue remains, throwing blood waste into domestic waste, and throwing of expired medications in domestic waste. There was no significant difference in the attitude of nurses and medical technologists. Nurses had significantly better practice scores on disposal of liquid waste in bags (84.4% vs. 68.9, p = 0.018), but medical technologists fared better at disposal of human tissue together with other waste (13.0% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Both nurses and medical technologists had adequate knowledge of some aspects but were lacking in others. There was no significant difference in the attitude of nurses and medical technologists towards biomedical waste management. Half of the respondents practiced proper biomedical waste management.
Medical Laboratory Personnel ; Waste Management ; Knowledge ; Attitude

Disinfection ; Escherichia coli ; isolation & purification ; Hospitals ; Medical Waste ; Sewage ; Waste Products ; Water Microbiology