Objective: To investigate the nutritional status and examine its association with feeding among infants at ages of 6 to 24 months in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, so as to provide the evidence for improving malnutrition among infants. Methods: Infants at ages of 6 to 24 months participating in physical examinations in Urumqi City and Moyu County from January to December 2021 were enrolled. Participants' gender, age, birth status, place of residence and maternal education level were collected through questionnaire surveys, and infants' feeding was evaluated using Infant and Child Feeding Index (ICFI). Age-specific height and body weight and height-specific body weight were calculated, and nutritional status was evaluated using Z score. The association between ICFI and malnutrition was evaluated using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results : A total of 1 013 infants were surveyed, including 557 boys (54.99%) and 456 girls (45.01%). The participants included 545 infants at ages of 12 to 24 months (53.80%), 969 full-term infants (95.66%), and 617 infants with qualified ICFI scores (60.91%). The prevalence of malnutrition was 8.59% among participants. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that infants with qualified ICFI score had a lower risk of malnutrition (OR=0.538, 95%CI: 0.327-0.883) after adjustment for age, birth status, place of residence, maternal education level and monthly household income. Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition is low among infants at ages of 6 to 24 months in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and infants with qualified feeding have a reduced risk of malnutrition.

Objective: To explore the association between dietary patterns during pregnancy and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), so as to provide the guidance of diet balance and GDM prevention for pregnant women. Methods: Pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from December 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the subjects. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was employed at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation to diagnose GDM. The questionnaire of "The Survey on Nutrition and Health of Pregnant Women in China" was used to collect general information, food intake frequency and amount during a month before OGTT. Dietary patterns were determined by factor analysis, and the association between dietary patterns and the development of GDM was identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 449 pregnant women were included, with a median (interquartile range) age of 31.00 (5.00) years and a median (interquartile range) gestational age of 35.00 (3.00) weeks. There were 7 dietary patterns named potato-cereal pattern, poultry-meat-dessert pattern, milk-egg-aquatic product pattern, mushroom-vegetable-offal pattern, fruit-bean pattern, pickle-wheaten food pattern, and beverage-nut pattern according to the food types with high factor loads. There were 89 cases diagnosed as GDM, with a prevalence rate of 19.82%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the development of GDM was associated with the poultry-meat-dessert pattern (OR=0.242, 95%CI: 0.086-0.678) and the fruit-bean pattern (OR=0.093, 95%CI: 0.025-0.342), compared with the potato-cereal pattern. Conclusion Compared to the potato-cereal pattern, the poultry-meat-dessert pattern and the fruit-bean pattern may reduce the risk of GDM. Key words： gestational diabetes mellitus dietary pattern pregnant woman low carbohydrate diet

Objective:To explore the impact of King's theory of goal attainment combined with goal setting on the effect of standardized training of general practitioners.Methods:A total of 39 general practitioners who underwent the standardized training in The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2019 to January 2020 were classified as control group, and traditional teaching was adopted. Another 42 general practitioners who underwent the training in The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University during the same period were classified as a research group, and the teaching based on King's theory of goal attainment combined with goal setting was adopted. The theoretical knowledge and operational skills scores, changes in clinical comprehensive ability before and after the training, and teaching recognition were compared between the two groups. SPSS 25.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:After the training, the scores of theoretical knowledge and operation skills of the research group were both higher than those of the control group [(92.83±5.62) vs. (85.47±12.11); (90.15±7.22) vs.(83.36±11.24)]. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the scores of inquiry and communication ability, problem-solving ability, general medical thinking ability, interpretation ability of auxiliary examination results, clinical analysis and decision-making ability, team cooperation ability, community common disease diagnosis and treatment ability and humanistic care ability before the training ( P>0.05); the above scores were all improved after the training ( P<0.05), and the above scores of the research group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). The total recognition of teaching in the research group was 95.24%(40/42), which was significantly higher than that 76.92%(30/39) in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The application of King's theory of goal attainment combined with goal setting in standardized training of general practitioners can effectively improve the level of general practitioners' theoretical knowledge, operational skills, clinical comprehensive ability and recognition of teaching.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among Uygur children in Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang, China, as well as the factors influencing the development of DM. METHODS: The cluster random sampling method was used to select 5 308 children, aged 4-18 years, from the middle and primary schools and kindergartens in Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang. The survey methods included questionnaire survey and the measurement of height and weight. All subjects were tested for fasting fingertip blood glucose to investigate the prevalence of DM and impaired fasting glucose (IFG). RESULTS: A total of 5 184 valid questionnaires were collected. Fourteen children (0.27%) were found to have DM, among whom 8 had type 1 DM, 2 had type 2 DM, and 4 had unclassified DM. Twenty-nine children (0.56%) were found to have IFG. There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of DM and IFG between boys and girls (P>0.05). The prevalence rate of DM was 0.18% in the 4-<10 years group, 0.47% in the 10-<15 years group, and 0.07% in the 15-18 years group (P=0.072).The prevalence rate of IFG in the above three age groups was 0.18%, 0.94%, and 0.42%, respectively, with a significant difference among groups (P=0.007). The proportion of family history of DM and the proportion of overweight/obesity in children with DM were significantly higher than those in children without DM (P<0.05), while the proportion of children with DM who preferred coarse grains was significantly lower than that in children without DM (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of DM and IFG in Uyghur children in Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang is relatively low. There is no significant difference in the prevalence of DM among children of different genders or age groups, but the prevalence of IFG in children of different age groups is different. A family history of DM, overweight or obesity, and low intake of coarse grains might be associated with the development of DM.
Adolescent ; Blood Glucose ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pediatric Obesity ; Prediabetic State/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors