We describe the first case of a patient with Japanese encephalitis suffering from central sleep apnea.
The patient was a 58-year-old man who presented with high fever, semicomatose state, nuchal stiffness,
and incontinence of feces. The patient had complication of severe pneumonia, and was ventilated with
a respirator. After weaning from the respirator, desaturation of oxygen was observed during the night.
Simplified polysomnography revealed a pure central apnea pattern. This case illustrates that Japanese
encephalitis can result in central sleep apnea.