The purpose of this symposium was to clarify clinical significance of the pulse diagnosis at the wrist used for detecting the function of various organs. Base of the literature survey and his personal experiences, the importance of reliability (reproducibility) test of the pulse diagnosis in blinded manner and necessity of clinical trials with “_??_”-specific intervention was proposed by Ogawa. A unique training program of the pulse diagnosis was introduced by Kido, and he also demonstrated a significant positive result of “_??_”-specific intervention determined by the pulse diagnosis procedure in his program and suggested the clinical significance of the pulse diagnosis. Detection of various changes in pulse waveforms at the wrist using pressure transducer was demonstrated by Maruyama, and he also suggested a possible progress of objectivity in pulse diagnosis by various sensors and biomedical devices in future. From circulatory physiological point of view, factors which may affect the pressure pulse wave at the wrist were explained with several examples of pathologic conditions by Chihara. He also suggested a possibility of reflection of general condition in the pressure pulse at the wrist although it might be partial one, and stressed the necessity of other information for the accurate diagnosis. In general discussion, it was pointed out that evidence of the pulse diagnosis was still limited, and further experimental approaches of the pulse diagnosis will be required.

We have investigated that individual properties and irritability to the electrical stimulation of Wenliu (Li-7) were determined by acupuncture of Hegu (Li-4) and Quchi (Li-11) as the strength-duration relations.
Results showed that reobase (27.8±1.09V, n=114), utilization time (1.38±0.13ms, n=114) and chronaxie (0.031±0.002ms, n=114), were interestingly similar as previous results of in vitro studies.
Value of chronaxie of female subjects (0.021±0.001ms, n=21) was significantly lower than male (0.053±0.010ms, n=36). So that acupuncture stimulation influenced to the chronaxie.
Hegu stimulation significantly (p<0.05) shortend than Quchi stimulation as compared to intact control group.
These results might be suggested that it has to considered responses to stimulation in the sex differences when determination of acupuncture effects in the clinical and/or research studies.