Objective To identify a subset of patients with high probability of extensive calcification for further intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)examination.Methods The incidence,extent and distribution of calcification in stenosis site assessed with IVUS and its correlation with age,gender and coronary risk factors were analyzed in 88 patients undergoing balloon angioplasty. Results ①The incidence of calcification in stenosis site was 38.6%,52.9% of which showed a superficial pattern and only 4.5% had extensive calcification0.②Age was the most influencing factor of calcification,and the incidence of calcification was remarkarbly higher in patinents≥60 years old than in those <60 years old(61.9% vs 17.4%,P<0.001).③Among patients <60 years old,patients with calcification had a higher score of risk factors than those without calcification,suggesting that the risk factors play an important role in calcification in these patients <60 years old.Conclusions This study indicates that pre-intervention IVUS examination may be necessary in patients≥60 years old and in those<60 years old but with more than two risk factors.

When secondary reconstruction is required in the head and neck region where a primary operation was performed before, it is important to select a flap which is not only suitable for the purpose, but also can be transferred more safely. In the present case, a female patient, 33 years old, complained of depression deformity around the left mandibular region. She had undergone segmental mandibulectomy coupled with radical neck dissection because of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the left submandibular gland 12 years ago. The deformity was thought to be mainly due to the deficiency of subdermal soft tissue. The insertion of a denuded and folded pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap into the submandibular space satisfactorily restored the depressed mandibular contour. The pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap can acquire a bulkiness by being folded, whose atrophy is tolerable for a long period, and is safe for secondary reconstruction.