Immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a crucial side effect of heparin therapy. We report the case of a 52-year-old man who was strongly suspected of having HIT after urgent descending aorta replacement. This case required continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF) anticoagulated with unfractionated heparin (UFH) for acute renal failure after the operation. The patient developed thrombocytopenia and thrombus emphraxis in the circuit on the seventh day and was suspected of having HIT. UFH was ceased and replaced with argatroban. After then, thrombus emphraxis was not seen in the circuit and the platelet count was recovered promptly. He tested positive in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies (anti-PF4/H Abs). Six months later, we found, an expanding thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm and performed thoracoabdominal aorta replacement. We selected heparin anticoagulation for cardiopulmonary bypass because anti-PF4/H Abs were negative at that time. Thrombus emphraxis was not found during the operation. The patient developed neither thrombocytopenia nor thrombosis in the perioperative period.

We report a case of a 72-year-old woman, who had an anastomotic pseudoaneurysm in the ascending aorta, successfully treated by endovascular aortic repair with vascular embolic devise and stent-graft. It seemed to be high risk to achieve conventional surgery with extracorporeal circulation, therefore we selected endovascular treatment because she had a bleeding tendency which derived from disseminated intravascular coagulation. Then, we adopted stent-grafting with a vascular embolic device, because the distal side of pseudoaneurysm had too short a landing zone to cover the stent-graft only. The patient well tolerated this procedure and her postoperative course was uneventful. The pseudoaneurysm shrank at 6th months after operation.