Objectives: We studied the effects of the fish oil (FO) diet given to obese Zucker (fa/fa) fatty rats on the serum and liver lipids concentrations, serum oxidative stress and antioxidant levels using diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) test and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) test. Methods: The Zucker fatty rats of 5weeks male were fed with diet for 4 weeks. The experimental diets were used normal diet or high cholesterol diet (HC). The fatty rat were fed with diet containing 10% Lard, 10% FO, 10% Lard+HC, 10% FO+HC. It was measured the concentrations of serum and liver lipids, serum d-ROMs and BAP. The d-ROMs and BAP were measured using Free Radical Elective Evaluator. The liver tissue were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining that was observed with light microscopyResults: Although there were no difference in the both d-ROMs and BAP value among the diet, the d-ROMs value was tend to decrease and the BAP value was tend to increase in the FO group. The concentration of liver total cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased in the FO+HC group compared to the HC group. The number of fat droplet in the liver tissue were decreased in the FO group.Conclusion: Since the fat droplets was decreased in the FO group, it can be considered that fat accumulation was reduced to relieve oxidative stress in vivo. Thus, fish oil is expected to inhibit the oxidative stress in fatty rats.

Objectives: We studied the effects of the apple polyphenol (AP) with added alcohol on the weight of accumulated fat and dyslipidemia in obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats. Methods: The Zucker fatty rats of 5weeks male were fed for 4 weeks with the experimental diets used high cholesterol diet with 10% alcohol. The fatty rats were divided Control group and AP group. The control group without apple polyphenol, AP group was that there apple polyphenol. It was measured the posterior abdominal wall fat and testicle peripheral fat weight, the concentrations of serum and liver lipids.Results: The posterior abdominal wall fat weight indicated a tendency to decrease in the AP group compared to the Control group. The concentrations of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride decreased in the AP group compared to the Control group. There was no different between each group with respect to the concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver. The alanine aminotransferase decreased in the AP group compared to the Control group.Conclusion: These results suggested that the alcohol diets containing the apple polyphenol appear to effectively decrease the concentration of serum lipids and the alanine aminotransferase. The apple polyphenol were expected to prevent dyslipidemia and fatty liver.

Using various types of monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometer, whole blood analysis were conducted on subsets of lymphocytes taken from peripheral blood samples of healthy persons and umbilical cord blood samples of mature babies.
The findings were as follows:
(1) Normal values of healthy persons (Mean ± SD) were: T-cell phenotypes-OKT3⁺: 66.2 ± 9.4%, OKT4⁺: 40.9±8.3%, OKT8⁺: 28.2±6.6%, OKT11⁺: 80.1±4.8%, OKT4/OKT8 ratio: 1.57±0.60; B-cell phenotype-SmIg (polyvalent) ⁺: 15.9±6.5%; others-OKTal⁺: 12.9±3.2%, Leu7⁺: 16.2±8.9%.
(2) Of the healthy persons, 17% showed 1.0 or below and 6.5% showed 2.5 or above, in the OKT4/OKT8 ratio.
(3) The OKT4+ OKT8/OKT3 ratio was significantly high (P<0.001) in the babies and persons of 40 years and over.
(4) Physiologic variations were noted in some degree in children and the aged, and between men and women. The individual values of the lymphocyte subsets were almost constant, but the difference between individuals was large. It is suggested that the difference of the immune response of each individual or each family partly depends on the different values of the lymphocyte subsets.

OBJECTIVEIn a Japanese metropolis, we examined the effects of work-related factors and work-family conflict on depressive symptoms among working women living with young children.

METHODSData was derived from women (n=501) who lived with at least one preschool child and worked for 20 hours or more per week. As work-related factors, we chose job pressure, skill underutilization, dissatisfaction with personal income, inflexible work schedule, job insecurity, and relationships in the workplace. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The effects of work-related factors and work-family conflict on depressive symptoms were explored by hierarchical regression analysis.

RESULTSWork-related factors except job pressure were significantly correlated with depressive symptoms. Multiple regression analyses revealed that women who had more frequent work-family conflict and more work-related stressors such as bad relationships in the workplace, job insecurity, and underutilization of skills were likely to have more depressive symptoms.

CONCLUSIONSAmong women workers with young children, work-family conflict and various work-related factors such as perceived bad relationships at work, job insecurity, and underutilization of skills had a significant relationship with depressive symptoms. Much more research is needed to explore ways to support working mothers.

Objectives: We studied the effects of capsaicin (CP) with high fat diets and alcohol (Alc）on the weight of accumulated fat and oxidative stress in rats. Methods: The Sprague-Dawley rats of 4weeks male were fed for 4 weeks with the experimental diets using high fat diet. The rats were divided Control group, CP group, Alc group and CP+Alc group. Alcohol was used as a drinking solution instead of water. The control group was fed without capsaicin. It was measured fat accumulation and oxidative stress in rats. Results: There was no different between each group with respect to the body weigt gain and total foods intake. The posterior abdominal wall fat weight, concentration of liver triglyceride and oxidative stress degree of the CP group and the CP+Alc group were lower significantly than those of the Control group, and those of the CP+Alc group was lower significantly than thoes of the Alc group. Conclusion: These results suggested that the high fat diets and alcohol diets containing the capsaicin appear to effectively decrease the fat accumulation and oxidative stress. The capsaicin were expected to prevent dyslipidemia.

Objective: We studied the effect of linseed oil (LO) and perilla oil (PO) diets (rich in α-linoleic acid) compared to a normal diet in rats, and assessed liver lipid concentrations and oxidative stress. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 5 weeks in three groups were fed a normal diet for 20 days, and liver lipid concentrations and oxidative stress were then measured in each rat. The groups were divided into a normal diet containing either lard (the control group: n=6), the LO group (n=6) and the PO group (n=6). Results: Final body weight tended to be lower in the PO group than in the Control group. There was no difference in total food intake between each group. Liver lipid concentrations and oxidative stress were significantly lower in the LO and the PO groups than in the Control group. Conclusion: These results suggested that diets containing LO and PO caused decreased concentrations of liver cholesterol and oxidative stress in rats compared to the control diet. Linseed oil and perilla oil diets are shown to prevent dyslipidemia and to relieve oxidative stress in vivo.

Objectives: We examined the effect of oil intake differing in fatty acid composition on fat accumulation amount, concentration of serum and fat droplets adipocytes of liver tissue in rats. Methods: Young male rats were fed a high cholesterol diet containing either lard, soybean oil, perilla oil or fish oil for 4wk. The control diet contained a lard component. Results: Posterior abdominal wall fat and testicle peripheral fat weights were significantly lower in the fish oil group compared with the control and the soybean oil group. The number of fat droplets was significantly higher in the liver tissue of rats in the perilla oil group compared with the other groups, and many fat droplets with small diameters were observed. The proportion of fat droplets to the total area was significantly lower in the perilla oil group and the fish oil group compared with the control and the soybean oil group. Conclusion: The results suggested that oil intake differing in fatty acid composition correlates with fat accumulation amount and lipid droplet area in the liver tissue. Fish oil intake correlated with reduced visceral fat accumulation and is expected to be useful in the prevention and improvement of obesity.

Objectives: We studied the effects of fish oil and sake lees combined with a high fat diet in rats, and assessed serum lipids concentrations and anxiety behavior. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 5 weeks were fed a diet containing the Soybean oil (Control), Soybean oil + Sake lees (S), Fish oil (FO) or FO + Sake lees (FO+S) for 18days. The control diet contained a soybean oil component. It was measured the concentrations of serum lipids and anxiety behavior. Results: The concentration of serum cholesterol were significantly lower in the FO+S group than in the Control group. The concentration of serum triglyceride and free fatty acids were significantly lower in the FO group and the FO+S group than in the Control group. In anxiety behavior, the stay time in the zone of open arm were significantly higher in the S group than in the Control group. Conclusion: These results suggested that the combination of fish oil and sake lees in the diet improved the concentration of total cholesterol in the serum, which should assist in the prevention and improvement of dyslipidemia. In addition, intake of sake lees is expected to be effective in suppressing anxiety behavior.

A 3-month alcoholism rehabilitation program at psychiatric hospitals is common in Japan for patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, many AUD patients are often hospitalized for the treatment of digestive disorders due to alcohol-related liver diseases and pancreatitis. In this sense, AUD patients need to be better supported by professionals and departments in general hospitals. Here we analyzed the problems in alcohol-related medical care in Japan and examined the measures to be taken at general hospitals.

Dynamic X-ray (DXR) is a functional imaging technique that uses sequential images obtained by a flat-panel detector (FPD).This article aims to describe the mechanism of DXR and the analysis methods used as well as review the clinical evidence for its use. DXR analyzes dynamic changes on the basis of X-ray translucency and can be used for analysis of diaphragmatic kinetics, ventilation, and lung perfusion. It offers many advantages such as a high temporal resolution and flexibility in body positioning. Many clinical studies have reported the feasibility of DXR and its characteristic findings in pulmonary diseases. DXR may serve as an alternative to pulmonary function tests in patients requiring contact inhibition, including patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 or other infectious diseases. Thus, DXR has a great potential to play an important role in the clinical setting. Further investigations are needed to utilize DXR more effectively and to establish it as a valuable diagnostic tool.