Introduction : Health care providers must develop awareness and understanding of the rights of patients in order to render quality care. The study aimed to assess the awareness of students of the College of Medicine of the Patient's Bill of Rights. Methods : Medical students selected by stratified sampling were asked to answer a questionnaire on patients' rights. Respondents with scores of at least 80% were considered "aware". The proportion of respondents who were "aware" was determined. Results : The results revealed that 84.6% of the respondents have >80% awareness level. More than 90% of the medical students sampled were aware of the right to choose a physician, followed by the rights to be shown respect, dignity, and consideration, to be provided healthcare service of best quality by skilled healthcare professionals, to be included in decisions and choices about one's care, and to religious assistance. Less than 70% were aware of the right of the unconscious or legally incompetent patient and right to access and transfer of care and continuity of care. Conclusion More than 80% of medical students exposed to patients are aware of the Patient's Bill of Rights.
Awareness ; Education, Medical

Objective: To identify specific clinical characteristics and patient signs and symptoms that increase the risk of developing severe/critical COVID-19 disease or death in the pediatric population, and identify strength of these associations Methodology: A systematic search was done in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library and grey literature databases focusing on severe and critical COVID-19 disease in the zero to eighteen year old age group until August 26, 2020. Data regarding patient characteristics, signs and symptoms on admission and disease severity were extracted. Outcomes measured were severe or critical COVID-19, Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) or death. Results were pooled and meta-analyzed. Results: Four eligible studies with a total of 292 pediatric patients with COVID-19 were examined. Older children (MD=6.62, 95%CI=4.23 to 9.00, p-value<0.00001, I2=33%) significantly present with a higher percentage of severe disease. Shortness of breath (OR=8.14, 95%CI=2.33 to 28.47, p-value=0.001, I2=42%) was also found to be associated with severe COVID-19 disease. The presence of a pre-existing medical condition (OR=4.02, 95%CI=1.55 to 10.43, p-value=0.004, I2=0%), especially cardiac disease (OR=6.40, 95%CI=1.45 to 28.38, p-value=0.01, I 2=13%) and diabetes (OR=7.01, 95%CI=1.54 to 31.95, p-value=0.01, I2=0%) was noted to be a risk factor for severe disease. Conclusion Based on poor quality observational studies, older age group, shortness of breath, and a pre-existing medical condition, especially cardiac disease or diabetes were found to be associated with poor outcomes in children with COVID-19.
COVID-19 ; Pediatrics ; Patient Acuity