Coating agents are used in medicine to protect tablets from air or moisture, to mask bitter tastes, or to provide special characteristics for drug release, such as enteric release. There are three main coatings: sugar coating , film coating, and enteric-coating. In this review, we discuss the status of the most commonly used pharmaceutical film coating materials and data were obtained from electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and other scientific websites. There are various materials for creating a tablet coating, but the most commonly used material is a water soluble polymer which is used for making a water-soluble film coating.

Excipients are important in the composition of drugs and are the most important requirements for maintaining the stability of drug form, dosage, and physicochemical parameters. Excipients act as protective agents, bulking agents and can also be used to improve bioavailability of drugs in some instances Auxiliary substances included in the composition of medicines are classified as natural, animal, synthetic and semisynthetic. Excipients can become inactive due to chemical, microbiological and physiological effects. Commonly used pharmaceutical excipients are fillers, stabilizers, preservatives, flavor and aroma modifiers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, lubricants, solvents, and coating agents. Excipients can be considered as indispensible component of medicinal products and in most of the formulations they are present in greater proportion with regards to active pharmaceutical ingredient, as it forms the bulk of the formulation it is always necessary to select an excipient which satisfies the ideal properties for a particular excipient. In this review, materials about coating agents widely used in pharmaceutical practice were compiled from electronic databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and other scientific web pages, using keywords such as Drug excipient interaction, Stability in Oral Solid, and Excipient. .

The incorporation of botanical elements such as Inula helenium L., Astragalus mongolicus Bge., Iris tenuifolia Pall., Ribes diacanthum Pall., and Oxytropis pseudoglandulosa Grubov plays a pivotal role in the formulation of immune-enhancing and kidney-protective Mongolian traditional medicines. These herbal constituents bear rich historical significance in traditional remedies. Ensuring the purity of these herbs is a vital stride in the production of efficacious supplements and medications. Thus, meticulous decontamination of microorganisms assumes paramount importance. The selection of an appropriate sterilization method is important for manufacturers. Sterilization methods divide within three main categories: thermal, chemical, and radiation. This spectrum encompasses many techniques, ranging from moist heat and dry heat to gamma irradiation, ethylene oxide, ozone, and UV treatment. This comprehensive review discusses the efficacy of gamma irradiation, dry heat, moist heat, and chemical treatments, presenting a comparative analysis of their merits. Practically, heat sterilization emerges as a simple and cost-efficient choice. The utilization of an autoclave, subjecting powdered spice paprika to temperatures between 108-125°C for 120 seconds, yielded a substantial reduction in microbial load without compromising the integral bioactive compounds. Gamma irradiation, a common practice in the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, stands as another choice in the area of sterilization techniques. Beyond sterilization, upholding rigorous standards of sanitation and hygiene remains a key in the preparations of medicinal plants.

The Jerusalem Artichoke (JA) (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is an annual plant native to North America and widely distributed in Europe and Central Asia. The tuber of JA contains 80% water, 15% polysaccharide (Inulin etc.), 2% protein, and a small amount of starch and fat. Inulin is a polysaccharide that is widely used as a prebiotic, fat substitute, and sugar substitute. This substance has high biological activity and is contained in large quantities.
The purpose of this study was to standardize the quality and safety of dried tubers of JA. Standardization includes parameters such as microscopic analysis, identification, quantification, validation of methods following the guidelines issued by ICH guidelines, and quality, including safety analysis (appearance, moisture, mechanical impurities, heavy metals, microbiological purity).
The content of inulin was 64.17±1.25%. The mean relative standard deviation of method validation (RMS%) was 1.27%, 1.18%, 1.22%, and the relative mean standard deviation (RMS) of method precision was 1.94%. The specific absorbance was 307 nm. The correlation coefficient R2=0.9998 was obtained for the reference curve of the standard substance. The detection limit of the method was 2.64 μg/ml, and the detection limit was 7.99 μg/ml.
The method mentioned above has been confirmed to be suitable for the quantitative determination of inulin in the tuber of JA. Moreover, Microbiological purity and heavy metal requirements are met.