This article has reviewed aesthetic discipline development history of medical science and history of Medical aesthetic education in our country,and the current situation of medical aesthetic education,and has carried on rational thinking on how to improve the professional medical aesthetic education of medical universities.

Objective To investigate multifunctional direct digital radiography system (DDR) in clinical practice, in order to improve the applied value of it.Methods EPEX DDR was performed in 1000 cases,these images were analysedby 3 senior radiologists and tried to find the best method of usually positions. Results The quality of DDR was assessed as grade A in73.00%, grade B in 22.70%, grade C in 4.30%, and no waste film.Conclusion DDR is easy to operate, fast in capturing image and can provide post-processing techniques, which will facilitate the accurate diagnosis of radiography.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology of Tibetan medicine Pedicularis kansuensis and compare con-tent of verbascoside and isoverbascoside differences in P. kansuensis from various habitats. METHODS:Using verbascoside and iso-verbascoside and dry paste yield as comprehensive evaluation indexes,single factor test and orthogonal test were used to investigate the extraction solvent,solvent dosage,extraction time and times to optimize extraction technology,and the verification test was conducted. Contents of the 2 constituents verbascoside and isoverbascoside in P. kansuensis from Gansu,Qinghai and Sichuan were compared. RESULTS:The optimal extraction technology was as follows as 8-fold 50% ethanol,extraction for 3 times,90 min each time. The verification results showed that the average contents of verbascoside and isoverbascoside were 3.49%(RSD=1.28%,n=3),1.26%(RSD=1.32%,n=3),and average dry paste yields were 37.99%(RSD=1.97%,n=3). The contents of verbascoside and isoverbascoside in P. kansuensis from Qinghai were relatively higher. CONCLUSIONS:Optimized extraction tech-nology is reasonable,stable,feasible;the contents of index constituents in P. kansuensis from different habitats have certain differ-ences. The study can provide scientific evidence for the development and utilization of extraction,and the in-depth study of quality evaluation for medicinal material.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of phenylethanoid glycosides of pedicularis muscicola Maxim ameliorating high altitude memory impairmentby activating mTOR signal pathway.Methods 60 clean male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group, hypoxia group, PhGs low, medium and high dose groups(50, 200, 400 mg/kg by oral administration).Normoxic control and hypoxia groups were administered with sterile injection water for 7 days.On the fourth day of drug treatment, hypoxia and PhGs groups were exposed to a specially designed animal decompression chamber, which simulated 7 500 m high altitude environment.The expression levels of mTOR, P70S6K and 4E-BP1 mRNA in hippocampus were detected by SYBR Green real-time PCR.The expression levels of p-mTOR, p-P70S6k and p-4E-BP1 protein in hippocampus were detected by Western blot.Results For hypoxia group rats, mTORand P70S6k mRNA repression, p-mTOR and p-P70S6K protein repression were respectively decreased by 22.50%, 26.00%, 42.28% and 11.70%(P<0.05, P<0.01), 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively increased by 41.28%, 111.86%(P<0.01) in comparison tonormoxic control group.Compared with hypoxia group,for PhGs low dose group rats, 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively decreased by 77.33% and 82.4%(P<0.01), p-P70S6K protein repression was increased by 32.53%(P<0.01).For PhGs medium, high dose groups, mTOR and P70S6k mRNA repression,p-mTOR and p-P70S6K protein repression were respectively increased by 64.56%, 60.76%;14.86%, 20.27%;65.12%, 94.17% and 56.63%, 78.31%(P<0.01), 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively decreased by 72.67%, 71.57% and 57.6%, 40%(P<0.01).Conclusion Phenylethanoid glycosides of Pedicularis muscicola Maxim can ameliorate high altitude-induced memory impairment.This protective mechanism may due to the activation of mTOR signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of verbascoside on hypoxia-induced memory impairment.Methods The eight-arm maze was used to train mice′s spatial memory ability.After successful training, mice were randomly divided into five groups:a normoxic control group (distilled water, 0.1ml/10g), hypoxic model group (distilled water, 0.1ml/10g), the verbascoside low dose group (50 mg/kg), medium dose group (150 mg/kg), and high dose group (300mg/kg) were administered orally once a day for a total of 7days.After administration on the fourth day, except for the normoxic control group was placed in the animal room (1 500m), the remaining four groups were placed in a large-scale hypobaric chamber to simulate the hypoxic environment of the plateau (7 500m, 3days).Eight-armed maze test (4 000m) was used and the plasma and brain tissues were dissected out and measured for reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in plasma and brain.Results Compared with the normoxic control group, the indexes of the eight-armed maze, ROS and MDA in the brain, MDA in the plasma of the hypoxia model group were significantly increased, and the GSH and T-SOD enzyme activities in the brain and plasma were notably decreased.Compared with the hypoxic model group, the indexes of the eight-armed maze, ROS and MDA in the brain, MDA in the plasma in the various groups of verbascoside were reduced more or less, the GSH and T-SOD enzyme activities in the brain and plasma slightly were increased.Conclusion Verbascoside could ameliorate the hypoxic memory impairment at high altitude, which might be related to the stabilization of the body′s antioxidant enzyme system balance and

Objective: To explore the value of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in tumor localization and lymph node dissection in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was used. The clinical and pathological data of 126 patients with distal gastric cancer diagnosed through gastroscopy and pathology dated from August 2017 to August 2019 in Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute was collected. Among these 126 patients, 62 patients underwent laparoscopy with indocyanine green-labeled near-infrared fluorescence (observation group), and 64 patients underwent conventional laparoscopy (control group). The effects of preoperative indocyanine green-labeled, intraoperative endoscopic positioning and lymph node dissection were compared and evaluated between the two groups. Result: The distance of proximal incision margin was measured in patients with stage T1-2 gastric cancer. The observation group vs. the control group: (4.92±1.65 cm vs. 4.76±1.66 cm, P=0.671). Number of second station lymph node dissection of patients with stage T3-4 gastric cancer in the observation group vs. the control group: (11.09±6.19 vs. 8.89± 4.35, P=0.049); the number of damaged lymph nodes in the observation group vs. the control group: (0.74±0.46 vs. 1.27±1.22, P= 0.009). Conclusions: The preoperative indocyanine green-fluorescence imaging in patients with stage T1-2 gastric cancer can accurately mark the tumor boundary, and its tumor localization effect is comparable with intraoperative gastroscopy in the surgery, which can guide the decision of the appropriate resection line during total laparoscopic surgery. Indocyanine green in the lymphatic navigation of T3-4 gastric cancer can guide the operation precisely and completely in the lymph node dissection, increase the number of lymph nodes dissection, and reduce the damage of lymph nodes during the operation.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy between elderly and non-elderly patients with gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 219 patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute from April 2009 to October 2013 were included in this retrospective study. All patients were divided into elderly (≥65 years) and non- elderly (<65 years)groups. We compared these groups based on clinicopathological characteristics, postoperative morbidities, and survival. Results:Theelderly group showed higher ASA scores and higher number of preoperative comorbidities (P<0.05). The operative time, blood loss,and conversion rate did not differ significantly between the groups (all P>0.05). The mean time to first ambulation in elderly group was 2.2±2.3d while first ambulation time in the non-elderly group was 1.4±1.3d,which showed significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed between groups in terms of postoperativemorbidities (34.8％ vs. 28.5％, P> 0.05) as well as 3-year disease-free survival and overall survival (P>0.05). However, the elderly patients withpostoperative morbidities experienced significantly poorer overall survival rate than non-elderly patients (44.5％ vs. 70.5％, P<0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy can be safely and successfully performed in an elderly population with acceptable short- and long-term outcomes.Enhanced perioperative treatment is necessary to improve postoperative outcomes.

Objective To discuss the experience of medical care for the assurance of security of the'Shenzhou Ⅶ'astronauts at the landing venue in order to innovate a high efficient mobile ICU in medical helicopters.Method The data collected from over.as and domestics were reviewed and analyzed to find out the possible causes of accidental injuries to astronauts during acmspaec flight,and to pmpose a practicably and effectively prophylactic strategy and reasonable treatments for the astronauts with accidental injuries.Results Three,high efficient mobile ICU innovated could elqsure the safety ofthe astronauts.The ICUs with high efficiency were set up in the helicopters where the surgery Call he peormed for controlling the danlage.Fine armature made our work mole effective.Conclusions Practicably and effectively Plephylactic measurements and reasonable treatments are the essential aspect of the successfulness for the security of astronauts of manned aemspacecraft flights.The innovated medical care system in helicopters could realized the obligation of swift response and the duty offirst-md.

Objective With the development of laparoscopic surgery technique, the concept of minimally invasive surgery has gradually gained popularity. Laparoscopic minimally invasive technique applied in the treatment of gastric cancer has been recognized by surgeons. In recent years, the indocyanine green labeled near-infrared fluorescence laparoscopic technique has been gradually applied to the surgical treatment of gastric cancer. This technique overcomes the drawbacks of tactile lack of laparoscopic surgery and makes the laparoscopic surgery of gastric cancer more precise and minimally invasive. This article introduces the injection method of indocyanine green and discusses the application of fluorescent laparoscopy in gastric cancer surgery, including intraoperative tumor localization of early gastric cancer, sentinel lymph node biopsy, lymph node navigation of advanced gastric cancer, digestive tract reconstruction and gastrointestinal blood perfusion assessment during the procedure.

Purpose: Recently, totally laparoscopic gastrectomy has been gradually accepted by surgeons worldwide for gastric cancer treatment. Complete dissection of the lymph nodes and the establishment of the surgical margin are the most important considerations for curative gastric cancer surgery. Previous studies have demonstrated that indocyanine green (ICG)-traced laparoscopic gastrectomy significantly improves the completeness of lymph node dissection. However, it remains difficult to identify the tumor location intraoperatively for gastric cancers that are staged ≤T3. Here, we investigated the feasibility of ICG fluorescence for lymph node mapping and tumor localization during totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. Materials and Methods: Preoperative and perioperative data from consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent a totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy were collected and analyzed. The patients were categorized into the ICG (n=61) or the non-ICG (n=75) group based on whether preoperative endoscopic mucosal ICG injection was performed. Results: The ICG group had a shorter operation time and less intraoperative blood loss.Moreover, significantly more lymph nodes were harvested in the ICG group than the non-ICG group. No pathologically positive margin was found and there was no significant difference in either the proximal or distal surgical margins between the 2 groups. Conclusions Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with ICG can be successfully used in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy, and it contributes to both the completeness of D2 lymph node dissection and confirmation of the gastric transection line. Well-designed prospective randomized studies are needed in the future to fully validate our findings.